1254

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	12th century – 13th century – 14th century
Decades:	1220s 1230s 1240s – 1250s – 1260s 1270s 1280s
Years:	1251 1252 1253 – 1254 – 1255 1256 1257

1254 by topic
Politics
State leaders – Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Art and literature
1254 in poetry

Year 1254 (MCCLIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

King Louis IX of France, having exhausted his funds and being needed at home, abandons the Seventh Crusade (which he had conducted first in Egypt and then Syria) and returns to France.
The classic Japanese text Kokin Chomonjo is completed.
The Mongols destroy the Kingdom of Dali in modern Yunnan.
The Mongols enslave 200,000 Koreans and take them away.

June 12 – The city of Alkmaar obtains city rights from the count of Holland, William II.^[1]
October 10 – Edward Plantagenet marries Eleanor of Castile. His father Henry III had demanded the marriage in exchange for ending the war with her brother Alfonso X of Castile.
In England, an important step in the evolution of the Parliament and Peerage occurs, as lesser barons are replaced on the King's Council by elected representatives from shires and cities.
Pope Innocent IV excommunicates Conrad IV of Germany and Rudolph I of Germany (later elected Holy Roman Emperor).
The Danish city of Copenhagen receives its city charter.
The Swedish city of Malmö is founded.
Danylo of Halych, prince of Halych-Wolyn Rus, is crowned a king. The kingdom of Rus (Ruthenia Minor, Halych-Wolyn) is founded

December 2 – Manfred of Sicily defeats the army of Pope Innocent IV at Foggia.
King Louis IX of France expels all Jews from France.
King Afonso III of Portugal holds the first session of the Cortes (Portugal's general assembly composed of nobles, members of the middle class, and representatives from all municipalities) in Leiria.
The Ghibelline town of Pistoia is taken over by Guelph Florence.
The Horses of Saint Mark, once supposed to have adorned the Arch of Trajan in ancient Rome, are installed at Saint Mark's Basilica in Venice.
Battle of Adrianople: The Byzantines defeat Bulgaria.

As part of an offensive against usury in north-western Europe, the pope Innocent IV releves the city of Beauvais from its obligations to its creditors.^[2]

December 12 – Pope Alexander IV succeeds Pope Innocent IV as the 181st pope.
Construction is begun on the Cathedral of Saint Martin in Utrecht.
The Catholic dogma of purgatory is clarified and so named by the Catholic Church.

^ Vis, G.N.M. (1994). Oud en arm. Hervormde bejaardenzorg in Alkmaar, 1744-1994. Hilversum: Verloren. pp. 16. ISBN 9065505024.
^ Munro, John H. (2003). "The Medieval Origins of the Financial Revolution". The International History Review 15 (3): 506-562.