A 0-4-0+0-4-0, in the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, is an articulated locomotive, usually of the Garratt type. It features no leading or trailing wheels at either end, having only two sets of four driving wheels. A similar arrangement exists for Fairlie, Mallet and Meyer locomotives, but is referred to as 0-4-4-0.
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Other equivalent classifications are:
The first Garratt locomotive, K1, one of two 2 ft (610 mm) gauge TGR K Class locomotives built in 1909, has this wheel arrangement and has been restored to operating condition at the Welsh Highland Railway. This arrangement proved one of the less popular Garratt types, since most Garratt locomotives were larger and more powerful, requiring more pairs of driving wheels to operate within the normal axle load limits, and because leading wheels gave more stability and better tracking to allow faster speeds.[1][2]
In total, 32 Garratts of this type were constructed, seven by Garratt patent holder Beyer, Peacock mostly for industrial use, and 25 by other builders. Twenty of the latter were for the C.F. Vicinaux du Mayumbe in the Belgian Congo, built to a 600 mm (1 ft 11 5⁄8 in) gauge; this was the largest user of the type.
In addition to K1, the industrial Beyer-Garratt William Francis, built in 1937, is preserved at the Bressingham Steam Museum.
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