Tangshan
| Tangshan 唐山 |
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| — Prefecture-level city — | |
| 唐山市 | |
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  Tangshan
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| Coordinates: | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Hebei |
| Government | |
| - Party Secretary | Zhao Yong (赵勇) |
| - Mayor | Zhang Guodong (张国栋) |
| Area | |
| - Prefecture-level city | 13,472 km2 (5,201.6 sq mi) |
| - Urban | 3,874 km2 (1,495.8 sq mi) |
| Population (2003) | |
| - Prefecture-level city | 7,100,000 |
| - Density | 527/km2 (1,365/sq mi) |
| - Urban | 2,960,000 |
| - Urban density | 764.1/km2 (1,978.9/sq mi) |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| Postal code | 063000 |
| Area code(s) | 315 |
| GDP | ¥356.1 billion (2008) |
| GDP per capita | ¥48,190 (2008) |
| License Plate Prefix | 冀B |
| Website | http://www.tangshan.gov.cn/ |
Tangshan (Chinese: 唐山; pinyin: Tángshān shì) is a largely industrial prefecture-level city in Hebei province, People's Republic of China. It has become known for the 1976 Tangshan earthquake which measured 7.5 on the Richter scale and killed at least 255,000 residents. The city has since been rebuilt and has become a tourist attraction.
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Geography
Tangshan is located in the central section of the circum-Bohai Sea Gulf region, facing the Bohai Sea to the south. Tangshan is adjacent to Yanshan mountains to the north, borders the Luan River and Qinhuangdao to the east, and to the west adjoins with Beijing and Tianjin. It is a strategic area and a corridor linking two major regions of North China and Northeast China.
Tangshan is part of the North China Plain, with Yanshan Mountains lying to the north. The largest river in Tangshan is the Luan.
Administration
The prefecture-level city of Tangshan administers 14 county-level divisions including 6 districts, 6 counties and 2 county-level cities.
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| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2004 est.) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
| 1 | Lubei District | 路北区 | Lùběi Qū | 620,000 | 113 | 5,487 |
| 2 | Lunan District | 路南区 | Lùnán Qū | 240,000 | 65 | 3,692 |
| 3 | Guye District | 古冶区 | Gǔyě Qū | 360,000 | 263 | 1,369 |
| 4 | Kaiping District | 开平区 | Kāipíng Qū | 330,000 | 253 | 1,304 |
| 5 | Fengrun District | 丰润区 | Fēngrùn Qū | 890,000 | 1,334 | 667 |
| 6 | Fengnan District | 丰南区 | Fēngnán Qū | 520,000 | 1,568 | 332 |
| 7 | Zunhua City | 遵化市 | Zūnhuà Shì | 690,000 | 1,521 | 454 |
| 8 | Qian'an City | 迁安市 | Qiān'ān Shì | 680,000 | 1,208 | 563 |
| 9 | Luan County | 滦县 | Luán Xiàn | 540,000 | 999 | 541 |
| 10 | Luannan County | 滦南县 | Luánnán Xiàn | 570,000 | 1,270 | 449 |
| 11 | Leting County | 乐亭县 | Làoting Xiàn | 490,000 | 1,308 | 375 |
| 12 | Qianxi County | 迁西县 | Qiānxī Xiàn | 360,000 | 1,439 | 250 |
| 13 | Yutian County | 玉田县 | Yùtián Xiàn | 660,000 | 1,165 | 567 |
| 14 | Tanghai County | 唐海县 | Tánghǎi Xiàn | 140,000 | 700 | 200 |
History
Tangshan city has a history of over one hundred years. Its name derives from Dachengshan Mountain in the urban city.
Tangshan suffered an earthquake of moment magnitude 8.2 (7.8 from official report) at 3:42 a.m. on July 28, 1976, the Tangshan earthquake, which resulted in many casualties. The official death toll was 255,000, but many experts believe that the actual number of fatalities was two to three times that number, making it the most destructive earthquake in modern history. As a result of the earthquake, most of the town had to be rebuilt.
 Tangshan: Seaport |
 Tangshan: South Lake Park |
 Tangshan: City View |
Economy and Industry
Tangshan is an important heavy industrial city in North China. Its output include machinery, motor vehicles, chemicals, textiles, glass, petroleum products, and cement. It has been a coal-mining center since late Qing Dynasty, as Guangdong merchant Tong King-sing opened the first coal mine using modern techniques in Kaiping in 1877.[1] Since the construction of the Caofeidian Project, it has hosted large iron and steel plants, chemical projects, and electricity plants. Tangshan is also called the "porcelain capital of North China."
Historically, modern industry in China first arose in Tangshan. The first railway in China was built from Xugezhuang （胥各庄) to Tangshan in 1877 and the first fire-resistant material manufactory, and the first and largest cement manufactory were constructed in Tangshan as well.
In 2008, the GDP of Tangshan was ¥356.119 billion, ranked No. 1 among all the prefecture-level cities in Hebei Province, and No. 19 in China. GDP per capita reached ¥48,190 ($6,817).
Industrial zone
- Caofeidian New Zone
Traditional Arts
- Ping Opera (Pingju 评剧)
- Tangshan Shadow Play (唐山皮影)
- Laoting Drums (Leting Dagu 乐亭大鼓)
Education
- Tangshan No. 1 Middle School (founded 1902), one of the most famous high schools in China [1]
Sights
- Eastern Tombs of the Qing Dynasty
- Jingzhong Mountain, a religious shrine for the believers of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism
- The Anti-seismic Monument, located in Anti-Seismic Square
Notable people
- Li Dazhao early founder of Communist Party of China
- Jiang Wen a contemporary director and actor
- Cao Xueqin author of Dream of the Red Chamber
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Tangshan is twinned with:
Sakata, Japan
Żyrardów, Poland
Malmö, Sweden[2]
Lincoln, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
Cedar Rapids, USA
See also
References
Notes
- ↑ Ellsworth C.Carlson, The Kaiping Mines, 1877-1912 2d ed (Cambridge, MA: East Asian Research Center, Harvard University, 1971.
- ↑ "Malmö stads vänortssamarbete" (in Swedish). © 2004-2009 Malmö stad, 205 80 Malmö, Organisationsnummer: 212000-1124. http://www.malmo.se/faktaommalmopolitik/internationelltsamarbete/vanortssamarbetet.4.33aee30d103b8f15916800032874.html. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
External links
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