Mewtwo

Mewtwo
A large white and purple creature standing upright with its right arm outstretched towards the viewer. It has a feline-shaped head, long purple tail and stomach, enlarged thighs, three fingers, and two toes.
National Pokédex
Dragonite - Mewtwo (#150) - Mew
Series Pokémon series
First game Pokémon Red and Blue
Designed by Ken Sugimori
Voiced by (English) Phillip Bartlett (Mewtwo Strikes Back)
Dan Green (Pokémon: Mewtwo Returns-present)
Voiced by (Japanese) Masachika Ichimura
Showtaro Morikubo (young, Mewtwo's Origin)
Fujiko Takimoto (young, Sound Picture Box: Mewtwo's Origin)
Live action actor(s) Marton Fulop

Mewtwo (ミュウツー Myūtsū?) is a creature in Nintendo and Game Freak's Pokémon media franchise. Created by Ken Sugimori, it first appeared in the video games Pokémon Red and Blue and their sequels, and later appeared in various merchandise, spinoff titles, as well as animated and printed adaptations of the franchise. Masachika Ichimura voiced Mewtwo in Japanese, while the creature's younger self is voiced by Fujiko Takimoto in the Sound Picture Box: Mewtwo's Origin CD drama and Showtaro Morikubo in the anime adaptation. In English, Phillip Bartlett voices Mewtwo in Mewtwo Strikes Back, with Dan Green providing the voice in subsequent anime appearances.[1][2]

In the video games, the player can battle and capture Mewtwo to pit it against other Pokémon. The player first learns of Mewtwo late in Pokémon Red and Blue by reading research documents left in a ruined laboratory on Cinnabar Island. The documents reveal that a solitary scientist spent years genetically engineering a descendant of the Pokémon Mew. Mewtwo eventually escaped after proving too strong to contain.

Regarded as one of the series' strongest Pokémon, it changed the way players approached the games by forcing them to find ways to counteract those using Mewtwo. Studies found the character popular with older male children, which contrasted with its counterpart Mew. Reactions to the character's anime portrayal have been mixed, with some reviewers like the Daily Record citing him as a cliché villain, while others like Animerica and Sight & Sound praised the character's depth.

Contents

Design and characteristics

Ken Sugimori designed Mewtwo for the first generation of Pocket Monsters games, Red and Green, known outside of Japan as Pokémon Red and Blue.[3] Its name, which means the "second of Mew",[4] derives from its existence as a genetically modified duplicate of the original Mew. Until the first Pokémon movie was released in the United States, Mewtwo was rarely referred to as a "clone" in Japanese sources. Kubo Masakazu, executive producer of Mewtwo Strikes Back, explained that they "intentionally avoid using the term 'kuron' [clone]… because the word has a frightening feel".[5] Despite being Mew's descendant, it directly precedes Mew in the game's numerical Pokémon index due to the latter's secret inclusion by Game Freak programmer Shigeki Morimoto.[6] During an interview, Pokémon Company president Tsunekazu Ishihara stated that Mewtwo was expected to be popular with North American audiences, citing their preference for strong, powerful characters.[7]

Its build is very different compared to Mew's,[8] appearing as a large bipedal feline, with a white body, pronounced purple tail and stomach, feline head, and a mass of flesh connecting the center of its back to its head behind its neck. Its appearance has been likened to "an oversized cross of cat, squirrel and kangaroo".[9] In the original games, Mewtwo is intended to be "the strongest Pokémon ever".[10] It is psychic, uses telekinesis for flight[11] and telepathy to speak.[12] When fighting, it uses its abilities to shield itself or throw opponents to compensate for its lack of speed.[13] Otherwise, it conserves its energy until needed. It can regenerate as well, and is able to quickly recover from near-fatal injuries.[14] Mewtwo stands 6 feet 7 inches (201 cm) tall.[10]

As a character in the games, Mewtwo seldom has spoken dialogue, and when it does it is presented as vicious[15] and primarily interested in proving its own strength.[16][17] The franchise's non-video game media, particularly the anime, has expanded upon the character, giving Mewtwo a male voice and, while aware of why it was created, actively questioning its own existence.[18]

Appearances

In video games

In Pokémon Red and Blue, the player learns of Mewtwo's existence by reading research notes left in the ruined "Pokémon Mansion" on Cinnabar Island. The notes describe it as being born from Mew following the efforts of a solitary scientist.[8][19] Mewtwo proved too mighty to control, destroying the laboratory and escaping. The player is later given an opportunity to capture Mewtwo in the Cerulean Cave, which is accessible only after defeating the game's final bosses, the Elite Four and Blue;[20] in the remake titles Pokémon FireRed and LeafGreen this prerequisite was expanded, requiring the player to explore more thoroughly and record information on sixty Pokémon species before access to the cave would be granted.[21]

Since its debut, Mewtwo has appeared in other Nintendo games. In Pokémon Stadium and Pokémon Pinball, Mewtwo appears as a final boss after all competitions have been completed.[22][23] In Pokémon Puzzle League, Mewtwo serves not only as the final opponent, but also as the main antagonist responsible for the game's events.[24] Other games, such as Super Smash Bros. Melee and the Pokémon Mystery Dungeon series have featured Mewtwo as an unlockable player character that must be defeated before it may be used,[25][26] while games such as Pokémon Snap have featured the character in cameos, appearing once certain conditions have been met.[27] For all appearances in which the character has spoken dialogue, Mewtwo is voiced by Masachika Ichimura, with the exception of Pokémon Puzzle League, where it is voiced by Phillip Bartlett.[1]

In anime and related media

Mewtwo is featured in the 1999 animated film Pokémon: The First Movie as the main antagonist, in which it is shown to be the creation of the criminal organization Team Rocket. After Mewtwo destroys the laboratory where it was born, Team Rocket's leader, Giovanni, convinces it he can help it control its powers. He instead uses Mewtwo as a weapon. After escaping Giovanni, Mewtwo questions its reason for existence and declares revenge on its creators. To this end, it lures several Pokémon trainers, among them movie protagonist Ash Ketchum, to its island in order to clone their Pokémon. Once it does so, Mewtwo forces the originals to battle the clones in an effort to determine which set is superior, while Mewtwo faces its own original, Mew. Ash sacrifices himself to stop the fighting, though he is later revived. Mewtwo, Mew, and the clones then leave to find a sanctuary, striking memory of the events from those gathered.[28] In localizing the film for English-language audiences, Mewtwo's personality became more arrogant and megalomaniacal; localization director Norman Grossfield ruled the changes necessary, as he believed American audiences needed a "clearly evil" rather than ambiguous villain.[29] In the film, Mewtwo is voiced by Phillip Bartlett in English, and by Ichimura in Japanese.[1]

In December 2000, the film was followed by a sequel, Pokémon: Mewtwo Returns, which was broadcast on Japanese television in December 2000 and released worldwide on home video and DVD in 2001. Voiced by Dan Green in English with Ichimura reprising the role in Japanese, Mewtwo and the clones have since found peace in another region. However, Giovanni, whose memories were left intact after the first film, locates and pursues Mewtwo. Assisted by Ash and his companions, Mewtwo comes to terms with its existence and defeats Giovanni, removing any memory of itself from his and his soldiers' minds, while leaving the others unaffected. As everyone departs, Mewtwo sets out on its own.[30]

In September 1999, Nintendo published Sound Picture Box Mewtwo, which included Myutsuu No Tanjou: Pocket-Monster Radio Drama (Birth of Mewtwo: Pokémon Radio Drama), a CD drama that expands upon Mewtwo's origins. Created by scientist Dr. Fuji, Mewtwo is one of several cloning attempts, amongst which includes a clone of Fuji's deceased daughter. Voiced by Fujiko Takimoto, the child Mewtwo befriends her, communicating telepathically; however the cloning process proves unstable, and she dies. To save the traumatized Mewtwo, Fuji erases its memories and puts it under sedation until its body finishes developing, leading to the events of the film. The CD drama was later adapted into a short anime, and was included with Japanese home releases and broadcasts of Mewtwo Strikes Back and later in North America in December 2001 as part of Mewtwo Returns. Dan Green and Masachika Ichimura provide the English and Japanese voices for the adult Mewtwo. The child version is voiced in Japanese by Fujiko Takimoto for the CD drama and Showtaro Morikubo for the anime, while in the English localization the voice actor is uncredited.[28][30][31]

Mewtwo also appears in the musical Pokémon Live!, a live action adaptation of the anime set after Pokémon: The First Movie, and is portrayed by Marton Fulop. In it, Mewtwo faces a robotic replica of itself, MechaMew2, created by Giovanni and able to learn any attacks used against it. However, after learning compassion from Mewtwo, the machine rebels and self-destructs.[32] The 2006 television special Pokémon: The Mastermind of Mirage Pokémon features a hologram version of Mewtwo, created and controlled by the story's antagonist Dr. Yung. With help from a hologram Mew, Ash and his companions destroy the Mewtwo hologram and defeat Yung.[33]

In printed adaptations

Mewtwo has appeared as a central character in several books related to the Pokémon franchise, including novelizations of Mewtwo Strikes Back and Mewtwo Returns, both of which closely follow the events of the films.[34][35][36] In December 1999, Viz Media published the children's picture book I'm Not Pikachu!: Pokémon Tales Movie Special, which featured children taking on traits of the characters from the film, including Mewtwo.[37] In May 2001, Viz released a second children's book, Mewtwo's Watching You!, which featured a shy Mewtwo interestedly watching other Pokémon play.[38]

In the manga series Pokémon Adventures, Team Rocket creates Mewtwo, but some of his DNA is placed inside of the Gym leader Blaine. Because of the DNA that they share, the two are unable to be separated for very long without becoming ill.[39] Later, another Pokémon, Entei is able to break the bond between the two by removing the DNA in Blaine's arm, at which point Mewtwo leaves. It eventually helps the main character of the series, Red, fight against Team Rocket leader Giovanni and his Deoxys.[40]

In 1998, Toshihiro Ono was asked to write a story detailing Mewtwo's origin to coincide with the release of Mewtwo Strikes Back.[41] The 52-page comic, presented in the form of a flashback,[42] was replaced midway by the "The Birth of Mewtwo" animated short, resulting in little connection between Ono's work and the film.[41] Regardless, it saw print as a side story for Pokémon: The Electric Tale of Pikachu in the July 1998 issue of CoroCoro Comic. In it, Mewtwo's creator Dr. Fuji takes on the role of a coach for the fully-developed Pokémon, while his employer, Team Rocket, tests its abilities. Learning of a plan to mass produce it as a weapon, Fuji approaches Mewtwo and tells it to destroy the lab and Fuji himself. Mewtwo refuses, stating it cannot harm the doctor, who it regards as its father. Once captured by Team Rocket, Fuji tells Mewtwo that he is honored by the statement, and is then killed. Angered by his death, Mewtwo destroys the lab and escapes. In the present, Mewtwo cries in its sleep as it dreams of the events.[42]

Reception and legacy

In the games, Mewtwo is consistently noted as being one of the strongest opponents, and has been described in Pokémon Red and Blue as being "the best Pokémon in the game",[43][44] as well as "one of the rarest — and hardest to catch".[45] Because of the character's multiple strengths and few weaknesses, it changed how players approached playing against each other, causing players to either develop strategies solely to defeat an opposing Mewtwo,[46][47][48] or prohibit its use when battling other players.[49] IGN's staff bemoaned its exclusion from Super Smash Bros. Brawl.[50] A poll by IGN on whether the character was missed by others in Brawl shared a similar sentiment,[51] though they also described it as one of Super Smash Bros. Melee's weakest characters.[25]

The book Pikachu's Global Adventure: The Rise and Fall of Pokémon noted Mewtwo as popular with older male children who tend to be drawn to "tough or scary" characters; Mew in contrast was described as a polar opposite, a character popular with young girls who tend to be drawn to "cute" characters.[52] Others books, such as Media and the Make-believe Worlds of Children, have noted a similar comparison, citing Mewtwo as "more aggressive-looking" compared to Mew and emphasizing the importance of the contrast for children.[53] The book Gaming Cultures and Place in Asia-Pacific compares Sugimori's design of Mewtwo to that of Japanese tokusatsu films, namely monster films like the 1954 Godzilla in creating "monstrous yet familiar silhouettes from the past renewed agency in the form of eyes and expressions which cut through the viewer".[49]

In reception to extended media for the Pokémon franchise, Mewtwo has been likened to Frankenstein's monster as a being born from artificial means and discontent with the fact.[54][55] Theology Secretary for the Church of England Anne Richards described Mewtwo as representing a "parable about the pointlessness of force", and praised the character for displaying the Christian value of redemption.[56] Other reactions have been mixed. While it has been cited as a "complex and compelling villain" by some critics,[57] its goal of world domination was received as a trait shared by "…every anime villain…",[54] and likened to a James Bond villain by the Daily Record.[58] However, Animerica praised Mewtwo as a character with "philisophical depth" as well as for serving as "an adversary of almost infinite power and genuine malice" that the anime series had been lacking.[59] Ken Hollings of Sight & Sound described Mewtwo as "brooding, articulate and vengeful where the other Pokémon remain bright blobs of wordless energy", and "Like a troubled elder brother, Mewtwo represents an older order of experience."[60] Anime Classics Zettai!: 100 Must-See Japanese Animation Masterpieces praised the character as the best villain of the Pokémon film series, and one of Mewtwo Strikes Back's strongest elements.[61] The Los Angeles Times cited its behavior as a point of humor in relation to its appearance as a "decidedly feline character."[62]

In addition to anime and literature, Mewtwo's image is utilized for merchandise related to the Pokémon franchise, which includes toys, children's toothbrushes,[63] and a playing piece for a Pokémon-themed version of Monopoly.[64] Several action figures have been made, such as a posable figure by Hasbro in 2006 that included accessories to recreate its "Hyper Beam" and "Light Screen" attacks, and a six-inch-tall "talking" figurine by Jakks Pacific as part of a series to commemorate the anime's Battle Frontier story arc.[65] Items marketed for adults featuring Mewtwo have also been sold and distributed by Nintendo, such as T-shirts.[66] The island nation of Niue released a one-dollar coin featuring the character as part of a commemorative promotion for the Pokémon franchise, with Mewtwo on one side and the nation's coat of arms on the other.[67] Mewtwo also appears on the port side of All Nippon Airways's Pocket Monsters Boeing 747 jumbo jet, alongside Mew.[68][69]

Notes and references

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Mewtwo Voice Actors". Absolute Anime. http://www.absoluteanime.com/pokemon/mewtwo.htm. Retrieved 2008-10-21. 
  2. ↑ Rauzi, Robin (2000-04-06). "Pokemon: The First Movie". The Baltimore Sun. http://www.baltimoresun.com/topic/cl-movie000406-143,0,6593417.story. Retrieved 2008-10-21. 
  3. ↑ Stuart Bishop (2003-05-30). "Game Freak on Pokémon!". CVG. Archived from the original on 2008-02-08. http://www.webcitation.org/5VSJaR6xT. Retrieved 2008-02-07. 
  4. ↑ Mewtwo: "Mewtwo...Mewtwo?" / Dr. Fuji: "That's you. We created you from what's said to be the rarest Pokémon on Earth." / Mewtwo: "Mew...Two. I am the 2nd of Mew?" Nintendo (1999-09-13). Sound Picture Box: Mewtwo's Origin: Myutsuu No Tanjou: Pocket-Monster Radio Drama (in Japanese). Catalog# ZMCP-596.
  5. ↑ Masakazu, Kubo (April 2000). "Pokemon' wa naze Beikoku de Seiko shita ka". Ronza
  6. ↑ "Pokemon notes from the developers" (in Japanese). Nintendo. http://www.nintendo.co.jp/nom/0007/gfreak/page06.html. Retrieved 2009-06-06. 
  7. ↑ Nintendo. "Interview with Tsunekazu Ishihara" (in Japanese). http://www.nintendo.co.jp/nom/0610/12/i05.html. Retrieved 2009-06-07. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Nintendo. Super Smash Bros. Melee. (Nintendo). Level/area: Mewtwo Trophy #1 description. (December 3, 2001) "A genetically created Pokémon, Mewtwo is the result of many long years of research by a solitary scientist. Although Mewtwo was "cloned" from the genes of the legendary Pokémon Mew, its size and characteristics are far different than its ancestor. Its battle abilities have been radically heightened, making it ruthless."
  9. ↑ Stack, Peter (1999-11-10). "'Pokémon' Get Stronger, Longer". San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/1999/11/10/DD43318.DTL. Retrieved 2008-06-11. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Game Freak. Pokémon Gold. (Nintendo). Level/area: Pokédex entry.. (2000-10-15) "Because its battle abilities were raised to the ultimate level, it thinks only of defeating its foes."
  11. ↑ Nintendo. Super Smash Bros. Melee. (Nintendo). Level/area: Mewtwo Trophy #2 description. (2001-12-03) "As Mewtwo relies mostly on its powerful brain, there are times when it scarcely uses its arms and legs."
  12. ↑ (in Japanese) (VHS) ポケットモンスター「ミュウツーの逆襲 完全版」. [Motion picture]. Japan: メディアファクトリー. December 1999. ASIN B00005HBUW.  Mewtwo: "私は自分自身のルールを決めている。" / Misty: "その声！" / Brock: "テレパシー！"
  13. ↑ Nintendo. Super Smash Bros. Melee. (Nintendo). Level/area: Mewtwo Trophy #3 description. (2001-12-03) "Mewtwo is definitely not a speedy character, but its ESP-powered grab and throw moves are comparatively strong."
  14. ↑ Computer: "Mewtwo's life responses have diminished." / Doctor Fuji: "What have you done?!" / Researcher: "Please wait! Mewtwo is..." / Doctor Fuji: "What?" / Computer: "Mewtwo's life responses are back. Mewtwo is regenerating itself now." Nintendo (1999-09-13). Sound Picture Box: Mewtwo's Origin: Myutsuu No Tanjou: Pocket-Monster Radio Drama (in Japanese). Catalog# ZMCP-596.
  15. ↑ Game Freak. Pokémon FireRed. (Nintendo). Level/area: Pokédex entry. (2004-09-09) "A Pokémon whose genetic code was repeatedly recombined for research. It turned vicious as a result."
  16. ↑ Chunsoft. Pokémon Mystery Dungeon: Blue Rescue Team and Red Rescue Team. (Nintendo). Level/area: Mewtwo encounter. (2006-09-18) "I long to demonstrate my power to the world!"
  17. ↑ Nintendo. Pokémon Puzzle League. (Nintendo). Level/area: Mewtwo encounter. (2000-09-25) "Welcome... I doubt you have what it takes to defeat me. It is my destiny to crush all who oppose me."
  18. ↑ Director: Kunihiko Yuyama. (10 November 1999). Mewtwo Strikes Back. [Motion picture]. OLM, Inc..  Mewtwo: "Who am I and why am I here? I just appeared here. I haven't even been born to this world yet. Who am I?"
  19. ↑ Game Freak. Pokémon Red. (Nintendo). Level/area: Pokémon Mansion, Cinnibar Island. (September 30, 1998) "Feb. 6. MEW gave birth. We named the newborn MEWTWO."
  20. ↑ Rich, Jason (1999). Pokémon: Pathways to Adventure. Sybex. p. 101. ISBN 0-782-12503-4. 
  21. ↑ Nintendo staff (2004). Pokémon Leafgreen Version, Firered Version the Official Nintendo Player's Guide. Nintendo. ISBN 193020650X. 
  22. ↑ Barton, Jeff (2000). Pokémon Stadium: Prima's Official Strategy Guide. Prima Games. p. 73. ISBN 0761522786. 
  23. ↑ "極めれば達人になれるニャー!" (in Japanese). Nintendo. http://www.nintendo.co.jp/n02/dmg/vphj/high/page04.html. Retrieved 2009-06-06. 
  24. ↑ Nintendo Software Technology/Intelligent Systems. Pokémon Puzzle League. (Nintendo). Nintendo 64. Level/area: Mewtwo stage. (2000-09-25) "Mewtwo: Welcome, Puzzle champion. I am the Puzzle Master. I doubt you have what it takes to defeat me. It is my destiny to crush all who oppose me."
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Staff. "Mewtwo Biography". IGN. IGN Entertainment. http://stars.ign.com/objects/142/14234083_biography.html. Retrieved 2009-09-26. 
  26. ↑ Staff (2006). Pokémon Mystery Dungeon: Blue Rescue Team, Red Rescue Team : The Official Nintendo Player's Guide. Redmond, Washington: Nintendo of America. ISBN 1598120107. 
  27. ↑ Staff (August 1999). "Pokémon Snap". Tips & Tricks (54): 24. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 (in Japanese) (VHS) ポケットモンスター「ミュウツーの逆襲 完全版」. [Motion picture]. Japan: メディアファクトリー. December 1999. ASIN B00005HBUW. 
  29. ↑ Tobin, Joseph Jay (2004). Pikachu's Global Adventure: The Rise and Fall of Pokémon. Duke University Press. p. 39. ISBN 0-822-33287-6. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Yuyama, Kunihiko (Directors). (December 2001) (DVD). Pokémon: Mewtwo Returns. [Motion picture]. North America: Warner Home Video. ASIN B00005OW0I. 
  31. ↑ Nintendo (1999-09-13). Sound Picture Box: Mewtwo's Origin: Myutsuu No Tanjou: Pocket-Monster Radio Drama (in Japanese). Catalog# ZMCP-596.
  32. ↑ Nintendo. (2006) Pokémon Live!. Act 2, Scene 5.
  33. ↑ Pokémon: Lucario and the Mystery of Mew. [DVD]. Extras, Pokémon: The Mastermind of Mirage Pokémon: Viz Video. 19 September 2006.  ASIN B000GLL1C4
  34. ↑ West, Tracy (1999). Mewtwo Strikes Back. Scholastic Corporation. ISBN 0439137411. 
  35. ↑ Golden Books' Mewtwo Strikes Back. Golden Books. 1999. ISBN 0307304035. 
  36. ↑ Howie, Betsy (2002). Mewtwo Returns. Scholastic Corporation. ISBN 0439385644. 
  37. ↑ Wada, Junko (December 1999). I'm Not Pikachu!: Pokémon Tales Movie Special. Viz Media. ISBN 1569314225. http://www.amazon.com/Im-Not-Pikachu-Pokemon-Special/dp/1569314225. 
  38. ↑ Toda, Akihito (May 2001). Pokémon Tales # 17: Mewtwo's Watching You!. Viz Media. ISBN 1569315337. http://www.amazon.com/Mewtwos-Watching-You-Pokemon-Tales/dp/1569315337. 
  39. ↑ Kusaka, Hidenori; Mato (1998). "Chapter 34" (in Japanese). ポケットモンスタースペシャル 3. Shogakukan. ISBN 4-09-149333-5. 
  40. ↑ Kusaka, Hidenori; Yamamoto, Satoshi (2007). "Chapter 284" (in Japanese). ポケットモンスタースペシャル 24. Shogakukan. ISBN 978-4-09-140318-6. 
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 "Animerica Interview Toshihiro Ono". VIZ Media. Archived from the original on 2000-05-10. http://web.archive.org/web/20000510020712/http://www.vizkids.com/pokemon/news_interview.shtml. Retrieved 2009-08-05. 
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 Ono, Toshihiro (July 1998). "Dengeki Pikachuu: Myutsuu no Gyakushuu!" (in Japanese). CoroCoro Comic 15 (7): 150–202. 
  43. ↑ Staff. "Pokémon Blue and Red Guide: #150 Mewtwo". IGN. IGN Entertainment. http://guides.ign.com/guides/16708/page_96.html. Retrieved 2008-06-11. 
  44. ↑ Loe, Casey (1999). Pokemon Perfect Guide Includes Red-Yellow-Blue. Versus Books. p. 67. ISBN 1930206151. 
  45. ↑ Churnin, Nancy (April 3, 1999). "Pokémon power - Cartoon and video game from Japan evolve into a hot new toy for U.S. kids". The Dallas Morning News: p. 1C. 
  46. ↑ Loe, Casey (1999). Pokémon Perfect Guide Includes Red-Yellow-Blue. Versus Books. pp. 136–137. ISBN 1930206151. 
  47. ↑ Staff. "Pokémon Blue and Red Guide: #115 Parasect". IGN. IGN Entertainment. http://guides.ign.com/guides/16708/page_115.html. Retrieved 2008-06-11. 
  48. ↑ Staff. "Pokémon Blue and Red Guide: #150 Mewtwo". IGN. IGN Entertainment. http://guides.ign.com/guides/16708/page_96.html. Retrieved 2009-01-31. 
  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 Hjorth, Larissa; David Surman (2009). "9" (PDF). Gaming Cultures and Place in Asia-Pacific. Taylor and Francis. ISBN 0415996279. http://newport.academia.edu/documents/0009/2577/MERGEDPOKEMON.pdf. Retrieved 2009-06-06. 
  50. ↑ Pirrello,Phil; Richard George (2008-02-08). "Smash Bros. Wish-List: All Nintendo Edition". IGN. IGN Entertainment. http://stars.ign.com/articles/850/850888p2.html. Retrieved 2008-06-11. 
  51. ↑ "Do You Miss Mewtwo?". IGN. IGN Entertainment. http://supersmashbros.ign.com/poll/27/Do-You-Miss-Mewtwo. Retrieved 2008-06-11. 
  52. ↑ Tobin, Joseph Jay (2004). Pikachu's Global Adventure: The Rise and Fall of Pokémon. Duke University Press. pp. 180, 283. ISBN 0-822-33287-6. 
  53. ↑ Götz, Maya; Dafna Lemish, International Communication Association Conference, Amy Aidman, Hyesung Moon (2005). Media and the Make-believe Worlds of Children: When Harry Potter Meets Pokémon in Disneyland. Routledge. p. 105. ISBN 0-805-85191-7. 
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 Klein, Andy (December 2, 1999). "Hokeymon". Phoenix New Times. http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/1999-12-02/film/hokeymon/print. Retrieved 2009-08-03. 
  55. ↑ Churnin, Nancy (2003-10-29). "They're alive! - Monsters, Pinocchio, robots - we keep trying to bring creatures to life". The Dallas Morning News: p. 1E. 
  56. ↑ Tobin, Joseph Jay (2004). Pikachu's Global Adventure: The Rise and Fall of Pokémon. Duke University Press. p. 126. ISBN 0-822-33287-6. 
  57. ↑ Churnin, Nancy (July 21, 2000). "Pokemon Peters Out". The Dallas Morning News. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=DM&p_theme=dm&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0ED8232CF49DAD87&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Retrieved 2009-08-03. 
  58. ↑ Sinnot, Siobhan (April 14, 2000). "Poke in the Eye". Daily Record. 
  59. ↑ Staff (August 2000). "Mewtwo Strikes Back". Animerica (Viz Media) (93). 
  60. ↑ Hollings, Ken (June 2000). "Mewtwo Strikes Back". Sight & Sound. http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/review/473. Retrieved 2009-09-26. 
  61. ↑ Camp, Brian; Julie Davis (May 2007). Anime Classics Zettai!: 100 Must-See Japanese Animation Masterpieces. Stone Bridge Press. p. 283. ISBN 9781933330228. 
  62. ↑ Razui, Robin (November 10, 1999). "Movie Review; All's Not Right in Pokemon World". Los Angeles Times. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/46258646.html?dids=46258646:46258646&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Nov+10%2C+1999&author=ROBIN+RAUZI&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=Movie+Review%3B+All%27s+Not+Right+in+Pokemon+World%3B+The+phenomenon+from+Japan+hits+the+big+screen%2C+but+what+is+this+film+saying+to+kids%3F. Retrieved 2009-08-03. 
  63. ↑ "You'll want to try them all...". British Dental Journal (190): 158. 10 February 2001. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4800911. http://www.nature.com/bdj/journal/v190/n3/full/4800911a.html. Retrieved 2009-08-03. 
  64. ↑ Chen, Charlotte (December 1999). "Pokémon Report". Tips & Tricks (Larry Flynt Publications): 111. 
  65. ↑ "Pokémon Battle Frontier Action Figures Deluxe Electronic Series 2: Mewtwo". CmdStore. http://www.cmdstore.com/pokemon-battle-frontier-action-figures-deluxe-electronic-series-2-mewtwo.html. Retrieved 2008-09-28. 
  66. ↑ Staff (August 2008). "Ultra geek". GameAxis Unwired (59): 83. ISSN 0219-872X. 
  67. ↑ Krause, Chester L.; Clifford Mishler, Colin R Bruce II (2003). 2004 Standard Catalog of World Coins: 1901-present. Krause Publications. pp. 1537–1539. ISBN 0-873-49593-4. 
  68. ↑ Spicer, Stuart (2001). Dream Schemes II: Exotic Airliner Art. Zenith Imprint. p. 21. ISBN 0-760-31196-X. 
  69. ↑ Staff. "Design" (in Japanese). All Nippon Airways. https://www.ana.co.jp/eng/flights/pokemonjet/design.html. Retrieved 2009-05-13. 

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Pokémon species
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MissingNo. · Bulbasaur · Charmander · Charmeleon · Charizard · Squirtle · Caterpie, Metapod, and Butterfree · Weedle, Kakuna, and Beedrill · Pidgey, Pidgeotto, and Pidgeot · Pikachu · Raichu · Jigglypuff · Meowth · Psyduck · Abra, Kadabra, and Alakazam · Grimer and Muk · Haunter · Gengar · Drowzee · Cubone and Marowak · Hitmonlee and Hitmonchan · Lickitung · Koffing and Weezing · Chansey · Mr. Mime · Jynx · Eevee · Snorlax · Articuno · Zapdos · Moltres · Dragonite · Mewtwo · Mew
Togepi · Unown · Entei · Lugia · Celebi
Latias and Latios · Rayquaza · Deoxys
Lucario
Generation V
Zorua and Zoroark
Full species list
Generation I
(001–051) · (052–101) · (102–151)
Generation II
(152–201) · (202–251)
Generation III
(252–319) · (320–386)
Generation IV
(387–440) · (441–493)
Generation V
(494-545) · (546-598) · (599-649)