Sikorsky HH-60 Pave Hawk

HH-60 / MH-60 Pave Hawk
USAF HH-60G Pave Hawk helicopter
Role Combat Search and Rescue helicopter
Manufacturer Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation
Status In service
Primary users United States Air Force
Republic of Korea Air Force
Unit cost US$15.8 million
Developed from Sikorsky S-70

The Sikorsky MH-60G/HH-60G Pave Hawk is a twin turboshaft engine helicopter in service with the United States Air Force. It is a derivative of the UH-60 Black Hawk and the US Air Force PAVE electronic systems program. The HH/MH-60 is a member of the Sikorsky S-70 family.

The MH-60G Pave Hawk's primary mission is insertion and recovery of special operations personnel, while the HH-60G Pave Hawk's primary mission is combat search and rescue (CSAR) of downed pilots. Both versions conduct day or night operations into hostile environments. Because of its versatility, the HH-60G may also perform peace-time operations. Such tasks include civil search and rescue, emergency aeromedical evacuation (MEDEVAC), disaster relief, international aid, counter-drug activities and NASA space shuttle support.[1]

Contents

Design and development

In 1981, the U.S. Air Force chose the UH-60A Black Hawk to replace its HH-3E Jolly Green Giant helicopters. After acquiring some UH-60s, the Air Force began upgrading each with an air refueling probe, and additional fuel tanks in the cabin. The machine guns were changed from .308 in (7.62 mm) M60s to 0.50 in (12.7 mm) XM218s. These helicopters were referred to as "Credible Hawks" and entered service in 1987.[2]

Afterwards the Credible Hawks and new UH-60As were upgraded and designated MH-60G Pave Hawk. These upgrades were to be done in a two step process. But funding only allowed 16 Credible Hawks to receive the second step equipment. These helicopters were allocated to special operations use. The remaining 82 Credible Hawks received the first step upgrade equipment and were used for combat search and rescue. In 1991, the search and rescue Pave Hawks were redesignated HH-60G.[2][3]

The Pave Hawk is a highly-modified version of the Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk.[4] It features an upgraded communications and navigation suite that includes an integrated inertial navigation/global positioning/Doppler navigation systems, satellite communications, secure voice, and Have Quick communications.

An HH-60 at the 2007 Paris Air Show

All HH-60Gs have an automatic flight control system, night vision goggles lighting and forward looking infrared system that greatly enhances night low-level operations. Additionally, some Pave Hawks have color weather radar and an engine/rotor blade anti-ice system that gives the HH-60G an all-weather capability.

Pave Hawk mission equipment includes a retractable in-flight refueling probe, internal auxiliary fuel tanks, two crew-served (or pilot-controlled) 7.62 mm miniguns or .50-caliber machine guns and an 8,000 pound (3,600 kg) capacity cargo hook. To improve air transportability and shipboard operations, all HH-60Gs have folding rotor blades.

Pave Hawk combat enhancements include a radar warning receiver, infrared jammer and a flare/chaff countermeasure dispensing system.

HH-60G rescue equipment includes a hoist capable of lifting a 600 pound (270 kg) load from a hover height of 200 feet (60 m), and a personnel locating system that is compatible with the PRC-112 survival radio and provides range and bearing information to a survivor's location.

A limited number of Pave Hawks are equipped with an over-the-horizon tactical data receiver that is capable of receiving near real-time mission update information.[1]

Operational history

USAF HC-130P of the 920th Rescue Wing refuels an HH-60 Pave Hawk.
Sri Lankan relief workers unload vegetables from an HH-60G during an Operation Unified Assistance mission.

The U.S. Air Force HH-60G Pave Hawk is operated by the Air Combat Command (ACC), U.S. Air Forces in Europe (USAFE), Pacific Air Forces (PACAF), Air Education and Training Command (AETC), the Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) and the Air National Guard (ANG).[1]

During Operation Desert Storm, Pave Hawks provided combat search and rescue coverage for coalition Air Forces in western Iraq, Saudi Arabia, coastal Kuwait and the Persian Gulf. They also provided emergency evacuation coverage for U.S. Navy sea, air and land (SEAL) teams penetrating the Kuwaiti coast before the invasion.[1]

All MH-60Gs subsequently divested by AFSOC, redesignated as HH-60Gs in 1991 and transferred back to Air Combat Command (ACC) and ACC-gained Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) and Air National Guard (ANG) units.[2][3]

During Operation Allied Force, the Pave Hawk provided continuous combat search and rescue coverage for NATO air forces, and successfully recovered two U.S. Air Force pilots who were isolated behind enemy lines.[1]

In March 2000, three Pave Hawks deployed to Hoedspruit Air Force Base in South Africa, to support international flood relief operations in Mozambique. The HH-60Gs flew 240 missions in 17 days and delivered more than 160 tons of humanitarian relief supplies.[1]

Air Force Pave Hawks from the Pacific theater also took part in a massive humanitarian relief effort in early 2005 in Sri Lanka to help victims of the tsunami.[5] In the fall of 2005, Pave Hawks from various Air Force commands participated in rescue operations of Hurricane Katrina survivors, rescuing thousands of stranded people.[1]

Currently, Pave Hawks regularly operate in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom supporting Army and Marine Corps ground combat operations and standby search and rescue support for U.S. and Coalition fixed-wing combat aircraft supporting those ground operations.[1]

In March 2010, the U.S. Air Force announced plans to acquire 112 new medium helicopters to replace aging HH-60Gs. The Air Force is deferring secondary combat search and rescue requirements that called for a larger helicopter. A UH-60M-based version is being offered as a replacement.[6][7][8]

Variants

Operators

 United States - 68 in Active, 15 in Reserve, and 18 in Air National Guard.[12]

Section information from USAF 2008 Almanac[4]

 South Korea – 8 in service

Specifications (HH-60G)

A New York Air National Guard HH-60G during a visit to South Africa in September 2004

Data from USAF 2008 Almanac[4] USAF fact sheet,[1]

General characteristics

Performance

Armament

Onboard Systems

See also

USAF HH-60G at Fox Field, Lancaster, California

Related development

Comparable aircraft

Related lists

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 HH-60G Pave Hawk Factsheet. United States Air Force. October 2007. Accessed 17 February 2009.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Eden, Paul. "Sikorsky H-60 Black Hawk/Seahawk", Encyclopedia of Modern Military Aircraft. Amber Books, 2004. ISBN 1904687849.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bishop, Chris. Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk. Osprey, 2008. ISBN 978-1-84176852-6.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Young, Susan H.H., Staff Editor (May 2008). ""HH-60G Pave Hawk", 2008 USAF Almanac - Gallery of USAF Weapons" (pdf). Air Force Magazine (Air Force Association) 91 (5): 155–156. ISSN 0730-6784. http://www.airforce-magazine.com/MagazineArchive/Magazine%20Documents/2008/May%202008/0508weapons.pdf. 
  5. ↑ Gempis, Master Sgt. Val. "Kadena Airmen help Sri Lanka tsunami victims". Air Force Print News, 18 January 2005.
  6. ↑ Trimble, Stephen. "USAF abandons large helicopter for rescue mission, proposes buying 112 UH-60Ms". Flight International. 24 February 2010.
  7. ↑ USAF HH-60 Personnel Recovery Recapitalization Program (HH-60 Recap) sources sought notice. fbo.gov, Released" 23 March, Revised: 8 April 2010.
  8. ↑ Reed, John. "UH-60M Offered For USAF's New CSAR Program". Defense News, 15 July 2010.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 DoD 4120-15L, Model Designation of Military Aerospace Vehicles. US DoD, 12 May 2004.
  10. ↑ Warwick, Graham (2008-09-27). "Level Playing Field?". Flight International (Reed Business Information). http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/1997/08/27/14939/level-playing-field.html. Retrieved 2008-10-08. 
  11. ↑ http://www.koreadefence.net/wys2/file_attach/2009/10/08/1255007427-9.jpg
  12. ↑ Mehuron, Tamar A., Assoc. Editor (May 2009). format = "2009 USAF Almanac - Equipment". Air Force Magazine (Air Force Association) 92 (5): p. 48. ISSN 0730-6784. http://www.airforce-magazine.com/MagazineArchive/Magazine%20Documents/2009/May%202009/0509facts_fig.pdf format =.  All figures are as of 30 Sept. 2008.

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