1809
1809 in topic: |
Subjects: Archaeology – Architecture – |
Art – Literature (Poetry) – Music – Science |
Sports – Rail Transport |
Countries: Australia – Canada – China – France – Germany – Ireland – Mexico – Netherlands – New Zealand – Norway – South Africa – Spain – UK – USA |
Leaders: State leaders – Colonial governors |
Category: Establishments – Disestablishments |
Births – Deaths – Works |
Year 1809 (MDCCCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).
Events of 1809
January–March
April–June
- April 9 – Tiroleans rise under the command of Andreas Hofer against French and Bavarian occupation.
- April 14 – Battle of Abensberg, Bavaria: Napoleon I defeats Austria.
- April 18 – The 2,000 Guineas Stakes horse race has its first run in England.
- April 19 – Battle of Raszyn: The armies of Austria are defeated by the Duchy of Warsaw as a part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition (1809).
- April 22 – Battle of Eckmühl: French troops under Napoleon I and Marshal Davout defeat the Austrians under Archduke Charles.
- May 5
- Mary Kies is the first American woman to be awarded a patent.
- The Swiss canton of Aargau denies Jews citizenship.
- May 17 – Napoleon I of France orders the annexation of the Papal States to the French Empire. When he announces that the Pope's secular power has ended, the Pope excommunicates him.
- May 21 – Battle of Aspern-Essling: Austrian troops under Archduke Karl beat the French under Napoleon in a hard fought battle.
- May 24 – Dartmoor Prison opens, the first to house French prisoners of war.
- June 6 – Sweden promulgates a new Instrument of Government, which restores political power to the Riksdag of the Estates after authoritarian rule since 1772.
- June 7 – Shoja Shah of Afghanistan signs a treaty with the British. Only weeks later, he is succeeded by Mahmud Shah.
July–September
October–December
Undated
- Thomas Rowlandson British cartoonist begins publishing his popular illustrations of the hapless country physician Dr Syntax in a London magazine. They depict comic and rediculus scenes and have come to represent British, Regency, cartoon Humour.
- The USS Constitution (Old Ironsides) is recommissioned as the flagship of the North Atlantic Squadron.
- Louis Poinsot describes the two remaining Kepler-Poinsot polyhedra.
- Jean-Baptiste Lamarck publishes Philosophie Zoologique, outlining the concept of evolution.
- Nicolas Appert develops a method to preserve food by means of canning.
- British recruits to the British East India Company and subsequently to the Indian Civil Service are required to learn at least one Indian language fluently.
Ongoing events
Births
January–June
- Unrecorded – Samuel Ajayi Crowther, 1st Black Anglican Bishop, pioneer linguist (d. 1891)
- January 1 – Cao Bá Quát, Vietnamese poet (d. 1855)
- January 4 – Louis Braille, French teacher, inventor of braille (d. 1852)
- January 15 – Cornelia Connelly, American founder of the Society of the Holy Child Jesus (d. 1879)
- January 15 – Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, French anarchist (d. 1864)
- January 19 – Edgar Allan Poe, American writer and poet (d. 1849)
- February 3 – Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (d. 1847)
- February 12
- February 15 – Cyrus McCormick, American inventor (d. 1884)
- February 23 – William Sprague, American minister and politician from Michigan (d. 1868)
- March 24 – Joseph Liouville, French mathematician (d. 1882)
- March 27 – Georges Haussmann, French civic planner
- March 31 – Nikolai Gogol, Russian writer (d. 1852)
- April 15 – Hermann Gunter Grassmann, Prussian mathematician (d. 1877)
- June 4
- Columbus Delano, American statesman (d. 1896)
- John Henry Pratt, English clergyman and mathematician (d. 1871)
- June 8 – Richard Wigginton Thompson, American politician (d. 1900)
- June 20 – Isaak August Dorner, German theologian (d. 1884)
July–December
- August 6 – Alfred, Lord Tennyson, British poet (d. 1892)
- August 8 – Heinrich Abeken, German theologian (d. 1872)
- August 27 – Hannibal Hamlin, American politician (d. 1891)
- August 29 – Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., American physician and writer (d. 1894)
- October 22 – Volney E. Howard, American politician (d. 1889)
- September 27 – Raphael Semmes, Officer in the USN and the CSN (d. 1877)
- November 27 – Fanny Kemble, British-born American actress and writer (d. 1893)
- December 24 – Kit Carson, American frontiersman (d. 1868)
- December 29 – William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1898)
Deaths
January–June
- January 16 – John Moore, British general (killed in battle) (b. 1761)
- February 25 – John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore (Lord Dunmore)
- March 7 – Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, Austrian composer (b. 1736)
- March 11 – Hannah Cowley, English dramatist and poet (b. 1743)
- March 20 – Mary Bateman, English woman executed for witchcraft, known as the "Yorkshire Witch"
- March 25 – Anna Seward, English writer (b. 1747)
- March 27 – Joseph-Marie Vien, French painter (b. 1716)
- May 13 – Beilby Porteus, English bishop and abolitionist (b. 1731)
- May 17 – Leopold Auenbrugger, Austrian physician (b. 1722)
- May 31
- June 4 – Nikolaj Abraham Abildgaard, Danish painter (b. 1743)
- June 8 – Thomas Paine, American revolutionary writer (b. 1737)
July–December