University of Wisconsin-Madison

The University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison, Madison, or Wisconsin) is a public research university located in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1848, UW-Madison is the flagship school of the University of Wisconsin System. It became a land-grant institution in 1866. ^[3] The 933-acre (3.78 km²) main campus includes four National Historic Landmarks.^[4]

Madison is organized into 20 schools which enrolled 28,999 undergraduate, 8,860 graduate, and 2,563 professional students and granted 6,265 bachelor's and 3,144 graduate and professional degrees in 2007.^[5] The university employs 2,054 faculty members. Its comprehensive academic program offers 134 undergraduate majors, along with 153 masters degree programs and 114 doctoral programs.^[6]

The UW is categorized as an RU/VH Research University (very high research activity) in the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.^[7] In 2007, it had research expenditures of $913 million, making it the third largest in science and engineering and the largest in non-science expenditures in the nation.^[8] Wisconsin is a founding member of the Association of American Universities.^[9]

The Wisconsin Badgers compete in 25 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA's Division I Big Ten Conference and have won 28 national championships.^[10]

History

Science Hall, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, was partly designed by former UW-Madison student Frank Lloyd Wright

The university had its official beginnings when Wisconsin was incorporated as a state in 1848. The Wisconsin Constitution provided for "the establishment of a state university, at or near the seat of state government..." On July 26, 1848, Nelson Dewey, Wisconsin's first governor, signed the act that formally created the University of Wisconsin. With John W. Sterling as the university's first professor (mathematics), the first class of 17 students met at Madison Female Academy on February 5, 1849. A permanent campus site was soon selected: an area of 50 acres (200,000 m²) "bounded north by Fourth lake, east by a street to be opened at right angles with King street," [later State Street] "south by Mineral Point Road (University Avenue), and west by a carriage-way from said road to the lake." The regents' building plans called for a "main edifice fronting towards the Capitol, three stories high, surmounted by an observatory for astronomical observations."^[11] This building, University Hall, now known as Bascom Hall, was finally completed in 1859. A fire later destroyed the building's dome, which was never replaced. North Hall, constructed in 1851, was actually the first building on campus. In 1854, Levi Booth and Charles T. Wakeley became the first graduates of the university, and in 1892 the university awarded its first Ph.D. to future university president Charles R. Van Hise.^[12]

The Wisconsin Idea

Located on the West end of campus, Allen Centennial Gardens is maintained by the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

Students, faculty and staff are motivated by a tradition known as "the Wisconsin Idea," first conceptualized by UW-Madison President Charles Van Hise in 1904, when he declared that he would "never be content until the beneficent influence of the university [is] available to every home in the state."^[13] The Wisconsin Idea holds that the boundaries of the university should be the boundaries of the state, and that the research conducted at UW-Madison should be applied to solve problems and improve health, quality of life, the environment, and agriculture for all citizens of the state. The Wisconsin Idea permeates the university’s work and helps forge close working relationships among university faculty and students, and the state's industries and government.^[14] Based in Wisconsin's populist history, the Wisconsin Idea continues to inspire the work of the faculty, staff, and students who aim to solve real-world problems by working together across disciplines and demographics.^[15]

Expansion

Over time, additional campuses were added to the University. The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee was created in 1956, and UW-Green Bay and UW-Parkside in 1968. Ten freshman-sophomore centers were also added to this system.^[16] In 1971, Wisconsin legislators passed a law merging the University of Wisconsin with the nine universities and four freshman-sophomore branch campuses of the Wisconsin State Universities System, creating the University of Wisconsin System and bringing the two higher education systems under a single board of regents.

Student activism

Bascom Hill, 1968, with crosses placed by students protesting the Vietnam War, and sign reading, "BASCOM MEMORIAL CEMETERY, CLASS OF 1968"

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, UW-Madison was shaken by a series of student protests, and by the use of force by authorities in response. The first major demonstrations protested the presence on campus of recruiters for the Dow Chemical Company, which supplied the napalm used in the Vietnam War. Authorities used force to quell the disturbance. The struggle was documented in the PBS documentary Two Days in October,^[17] as well as the book, They Marched Into Sunlight.^[18] Among the students injured in the protest was future Madison mayor Paul Soglin.

Another target of protest was the Army Mathematics Research Center (AMRC), located in Sterling Hall. The student newspaper, The Daily Cardinal, published a series of investigative articles that made a convincing case that AMRC was pursuing research directly pursuant to US Department of Defense requests, and supportive of military operations in Vietnam. AMRC became a magnet for demonstrations, in which protesters chanted "U.S. out of Vietnam! Smash Army Math!"

Sign near Sterling Hall commemorating fatal 1970 bomb attack

On August 24, 1970, near 3:40 AM, a bomb exploded next to Sterling Hall, aimed at destroying the Army Math Research Center. Despite the late hour, a post-doctoral physics researcher, Robert Fassnacht, was in the lab and was killed in the explosion. The physics department was damaged worse than the intended target, the AMRC. Karleton Armstrong, Dwight Armstrong, and David Fine were found responsible for the blast. Leo Burt was identified as a suspect, but was never apprehended or tried. The story of this event is told in the book Rads.^[19]

Timeline of notable events

Other notable historical moments in the first 150 years of the University of Wisconsin-Madison include:

• 1863 Women students first admitted to University of Wisconsin during the Civil War ^[20],^[21],^[22]
• 1866 State legislature designated the University as the Wisconsin land-grant institution
• On April 4, 1892, the campus's first student-run newspaper began publishing The Daily Cardinal.
• In 1894, the state Board of Regents rejected an effort to purge Professor Richard T. Ely for supporting striking printers, issuing the famous "sifting and winnowing" manifesto in defense of academic freedom, later described as "part of Wisconsin's Magna Carta". [19]
• 1898 UW music instructor Henry Dyke Sleeper wrote Varsity, the university’s alma mater
• 1904–1905 UW Graduate School established
• 1907 Wisconsin Union was founded
• 1909 William Purdy and Paul Beck wrote On, Wisconsin the UW-Madison athletic fight song
• 1907–1911 The "Single-grain Experiment" was conducted by Stephen Moulton Babcock and Edwin B. Hart from, paving the way for modern nutrition as a science.
• 1913 Vitamin A discovered by UW scientist, Elmer V. McCollum
• 1916 Vitamin B discovered by McCollum
• In 1919, radio station 9XM was founded on campus. Now WHA (970 AM), it is the oldest continually-operating radio station in the United States.
• 1923 Harry Steenbock invented process for adding vitamin D to milk
• 1925 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation chartered to control patenting and patent income on UW-Madison inventions
• 1934 The University of Wisconsin-Madison Arboretum, whose mission was to restore lost landscapes, such as prairies, was opened
• 1936 UW-Madison began an artist-in-residence program, the first ever at a university
• 1940–1951 Warfarin (Coumadin) developed at UW. Named after Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
• 1966–1971 UW-Madison was shaken by student protests against the Vietnam War
• 1969 The Badger Herald was founded as a conservative voice on campus.
• In August, 1970, in one of the first major acts of modern domestic terrorism, a bomb exploded outside the Army Math Research Center in Sterling Hall, killing post-doctoral researcher Robert Fassnacht (see Sterling Hall bombing)
• 1984 University Research Park founded to encourage technology transfer between university and businesses
• 1988 The Onion founded by two UW-Madison students, Tim Keck and Christopher Johnson
• 1998 UW-Madison's James Thomson (cell biologist) first isolated and cultured human embryonic stem cells

Academics

"Sifting and winnowing" plaque on Bascom Hall, UW-Madison tribute to academic freedom

The University of Wisconsin-Madison, the flagship campus of the University of Wisconsin System, is a large, four-year research university comprising twenty associated colleges and schools.^[7] In addition to undergraduate and graduate divisions in agriculture and life sciences, business, education, engineering, human ecology, journalism and mass communication, letters and science, music, nursing, pharmacy, and social work, the university also maintains graduate and professional schools in environmental studies, law, library and information studies, medicine and public health, public affairs, and veterinary medicine.

The four year, full-time undergraduate instructional program is classified by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching as "arts and science plus professions" with a high graduate coexistence; admissions are characterized as "more selective, lower transfer-in."^[7] The largest university college, the College of Letters and Science, enrolls approximately half of the undergraduate student body and is made up of thirty-nine departments and five professional schools^[23] that instruct students and carry out research in a wide variety of fields, such as astronomy, economics, geography, history, linguistics, and zoology. The graduate instructional program is classified by Carnegie as "comprehensive with medical/veterinary." It grants the second largest number of doctorates in the nation.^[7][8]

Rankings

The UW is ranked 17th among world universities and 15th among universities in the Americas in Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Academic Ranking of World Universities, which assesses academic and research performance.^[43] The Times Higher Education Supplement placed it 55th worldwide, based primarily on surveys administered to students, faculty, and recruiters.^[44] UW-Madison was ranked 11th among national universities by The Center for Measuring University Performance in its 2007 report, with rankings based on objective statistics on research, faculty awards, student qualifications, and university assets.^[45] The UW placed 18th among national universities in Washington Monthly's 2007 rankings, which consider community service and social mobility, as well as research productivity.^[46]

Of 38 programs at the UW-Madison that were included in the National Research Council's 1995 study, 16 ranked in the top 10 nationally.^[47][48] In 2007, the Chronicle of Higher Education reported that 57 disciplines at the UW-Madison were in the top 10 in the U.S. in scholarly productivity.^[49]

Madison's undergraduate program was ranked 35th among national universities by U.S.News & World Report for 2009.^[50] USNWR ranked UW's graduate School of Business 29th,^[51] and its undergraduate business program 13th.^[52] Twelve CEOs of S&P 500 companies hold degrees from the University of Wisconsin, putting it in a tie with Harvard and Princeton for first place.^[53]

USNWR ranked UW's School of Law 36th,^[54] while Vault listed it as one of its Top 25 Law Schools for 2008.^[55] Other graduate schools ranked by USNWR include the School of Medicine and Public Health, which was 27th in research and 13th in primary care,^[56] the College of Engineering 15th,^[57] the School of Education 12th,^[58] and the La Follette School of Public Affairs 14th.^[59]

Madison has been labeled one of the "Public Ivies," a publicly-funded university considered as providing a quality of education comparable to those of the Ivy League.^[60][61] In the Gourman report on undergraduate programs, the University of Wisconsin-Madison was ranked the third-best public university, after the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Michigan. Additionally, it was ranked the seventh-best university in the United States for overall strength of the undergraduate programs.

Research

UW-Madison was a founding member of the Association of American Universities.^[62] In 2007–2008, the school allocated $832 million towards research on campus, placing it second in the country in generating research funding, behind Johns Hopkins University.^[63] Collectively, its research programs were also sixth in the number of patents issued in 2005.^[64]

Overall, the University maintains almost 100 research centers and programs, ranging from agriculture to arts, from education to engineering.^[65] It has been considered a major academic center for embryonic stem cell research ever since UW-Madison professor James Thomson became the first scientist to isolate human embryonic stem cells. This has brought significant attention and respect for the University's research programs from around the world. The University continues to be a leader in stem cell research, helped in part by the funding of the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation and promotion of WiCell.^[66]

Its center for research on internal combustion engines, called the Engine Research Center, has a five-year collaboration agreement with General Motors.^[67] It has also been the recipient of multi-million dollar funding from the federal government.^[68]

The University of Wisconsin-Madison is one of thirty sea grant colleges in the United States. These colleges are involved in scientific research, education, training, and extension projects geared toward the conservation and practical use of U.S. coasts, the Great Lakes and other marine areas.

In January 2008, the US Department of Agriculture cited the University of Wisconsin-Madison Research Animal Resource Center for multiple violations of the Animal Welfare Act, including not using painkillers in animals undergoing painful procedures, improper monitoring of animals, and not reporting medical problems to staff veterinarians.^[69]

Letters & Science Honors Program

The L&S Honors Program serves over 1,700 students in the College of Letters and Science (the UW-Madison's liberal arts college) with an enriched undergraduate curriculum. In addition to its curriculum, the program offers professional advising services, grants, scholarships, and awards, and numerous academic, social, and service opportunities through the Honors Student Organization. The Honors Program also supports several student organizations, such as the University of Wisconsin-Madison Forensics Team.

Campus

North Hall, the first building on campus

Located in Madison, about a mile from the state capitol, the university is situated partially on an isthmus between Lake Mendota and Lake Monona. The main campus comprises 933 acres (3.77 km²) of land, while the entire campus, including research stations located throughout the state, is over 10,600 acres (42.9 km²) in area. The University of Wisconsin-Madison Arboretum, a demonstration area for native ecosystems, is located on the west side of Madison. The main campus includes many buildings designed or supervised by architects J.T.W. Jennings and Arthur Peabody. The hub of campus life is the Memorial Union.

The UW-Madison has its own police force, food service, hospital, recreation facilities, botanical gardens, power facilities, and an on-campus dairy.

Bascom Hall

Bascom Hall atop Bascom Hill at the heart of the campus.

As one of the icons on campus, Bascom Hall,^[70] at the top of Bascom Hill, is often considered the "heart of the campus." Built in 1857, a decorative dome that once sat atop the structure was destroyed by fire. The structure has been added to several times over the years. The building currently houses the office of the chancellor and vice chancellors. Bascom Hall is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a contributing building within the Bascom Hill Historic District.^[71]

Music Hall

Music Hall

This Victorian Gothic building, built in 1878 and initially named Assembly Hall, was designed to house an 800-seat auditorium, a library, and a clock tower. Dedicated on March 2, 1880, the building originally held conventions, dances, and commencement ceremonies, along with its primary purpose of a library. After the library moved to a different building on campus, a portion of the hall was assigned to the School of Music in 1900. Shortly after renovations in the early 1900s, the building was officially named Music Hall in 1910. It remains an important music venue and is home to the university opera.^[72] This building also is home to the Department of Urban and Regional Planning, with part of the building being used as office space and classrooms.

The Wisconsin Union

Memorial Union

The University of Wisconsin-Madison is home to two student unions. The oldest, Memorial Union, was built in 1928 to honor American World War I veterans. Also known as the Union or the Terrace, it has gained a reputation as one of the most beautiful student centers on a university campus. Located on the shore of Lake Mendota, it is a popular spot for socializing among both students and the public, who enjoy gazing at the lake and the sailboats that are often present. The union is known for the "Rathskeller," a German pub adjacent to the lake terrace. Political debates and backgammon and sheepshead games over a beer on the terrace are common among students . The Rathskeller serves "Rathskeller Ale," a beer brewed expressly for the Terrace. It was also the first union at a public university to serve beer.^[73]

Hoofer Badger Sloops on Lake Mendota behind Memorial Union

Memorial Union is home to many arts venues, including several art galleries, a movie theater, the Wisconsin Union Theater, and the Craftshop, which provides courses and facilities for engaging in a variety of arts and crafts. The Memorial Union is also home to the only business on campus owned and operated solely by students, ASM StudentPrint. Students and Madison community members alike congregate at the Memorial Union for the films and concerts each week. An advisory referendum to renovate and expand Memorial Union was approved by the student body, and the university is currently in the planning phase for the expansion.^[74]

Union South, the newer campus union, is at the southwest end of campus. It was built in the 1970s to alleviate the pressure for space on Memorial Union. Union South has mainly served users of the UW-Madison's science-related buildings, but is also a home for social and recreational activities, including weekly dances by student groups, music and film series, and bowling leagues. Plans to tear down and construct a new "green" Union South have been approved by the student body and are currently in the planning phase.^[75]

The Wisconsin Union also provides a home for the Wisconsin Union Directorate Student Programming Board (WUD), which provides regular programs for both students and community members. One of the most well-known members of WUD is the Wisconsin Hoofers, a club involved in organized outdoor recreational activities.^[76]

Charter Street Power Plant

Power plant

Located 2 blocks south of the busiest part of campus is the University's coal-burning heating plant. The 9.8 MW power plant opened in the mid 1950s, and produces a little over 50 million kilowatt hours of electricity every year.^[77] On May 3, 2007, the Sierra Club filed a lawsuit accusing the university of violating the Federal Clean Air Act.^[78] The plant does not use modern pollution controls such as scrubbers, catalytic reduction, or carbon injection.^[79] In 2006–2007, the editorial boards of local papers began calling for the elimination or phasing-out of the coal power plant.^[80]

In June 2007 it was reported that runoff from the coal pile behind the Charter St. Plant may be draining into the stormwater system and that the pollutants could contain arsenic and other heavy metals.^[81]

George L. Mosse Humanities Building

A view of the Wisconsin State Capitol from atop Bascom Hill. Mosse Humanities building is on the right, Wisconsin Historical Society (fore) and Memorial Library (rear) on the left

The George L. Mosse Humanities Building, located on Library Mall, was built in the late 1960s in the Brutalist style. Campus myth has it that the building (with its poor ventilation, narrow windows, inclined base, and cantilevered upper floors) was designed to be "riot-proof" in that it was inescapable by protestors and easily penetratable by a SWAT Team. Its seven floors house the History, Art, and Music departments. The most recent Campus Master Plan calls for it to be demolished and replaced with two other buildings.

Grainger Hall

Home of the Wisconsin School of Business, Grainger Hall recently underwent a major facelift that was funded by a $20 million gift from the Grainger Foundation, $10.5 Million from gifts, and $10 million borrowed from the state.^[82]

The original building, completed in 1993, was in need of an upgrade in order to assist the 12 MBA specialization programs that were housed there. The addition occupies the corner of Park Street and University Avenue, projecting the school’s crest outward in a location that once housed a bank.^[83] Grainger Hall is host to many speakers and with the addition came multiple conference rooms.

Libraries

Wisconsin had the 10th largest research library collection in North America in 2005–06, according to the Association of Research Libraries.^[84] Memorial Library, along with more than 40 other professional and special-purpose libraries, serve the campus.^[85] As of July 2008, the campus library collections included more than 7.3 million volumes representing human inquiry through all of history. In addition, the collections comprised more than 55,000 serial titles, 6.2 million microfilm items, and over 7 million items in other formats, such as government documents, maps, musical scores, and audiovisual materials. Over 1 million volumes are circulated to library users every year.^[86] Memorial Library serves as the principal research facility on campus for the humanities and social sciences. It houses the largest single library collection in the state of Wisconsin—-more than 3.5 million volumes. This library also houses an extensive periodical collection, a large selection of domestic and foreign newspapers, Special Collections,^[87] the University Archives,^[88] the Mills Music Library,^[89] a letterpress printing museum,^[90] and the UW Digital Collections Center.^[91]

Undergraduates can find many of the resources they need at College Library in Helen C. White Hall.^[92] Special collections there include Ethnic Studies, Career, Women's and Gaus (Poetry). The Open Book collection, created to support the extra-academic interests of undergraduates, features DVDs, audio books, and video games, along with paperback books.^[93] The library also has a coffee shop, the Open Book Café.^[94] College Library houses an extensive media center with over 200 computer workstations available for student use, DVD editing stations, scanners, poster printing, and equipment checkout (including laptops, digital cameras, projectors, and more).

The Kurt F. Wendt Library^[95] serves the College of Engineering^[96] and the Departments of Computer Sciences,^[97] Statistics,^[98] and Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences.^[99] In addition to books, journals, and standards, Wendt Library houses over 1.5 million technical reports in print and microfiche. Designated a Patent and Trademark Depository Library, it maintains all U.S. utility, design, and plant patents, and provides reference tools and assistance for both the general public and the UW-Madison community.

The online catalog for UW-Madison Libraries is MadCat.^[100] It includes bibliographic records for books, periodicals, audiovisual materials, maps, music scores, microforms, and computer databases currently owned by over 40 campus libraries, as well as records for items that are on order. The UW-Madison Libraries website provides access to a number of resources licensed for use by those affiliated with UW-Madison, in addition to those openly available on the World Wide Web.

Museums

Wisconsin Historical Society Library

The Geology Museum features rocks, minerals, and fossils from around the world. Highlights include a blacklight room, a walk-through cave, and a fragment of the Barringer meteorite. Some noteworthy fossils include the first dinosaur skeleton assembled in Wisconsin (an Edmontosaurus), a shark (Squalicorax) and a floating colony of sea lilies (Uintacrinus), both from the Cretaceous chalk of Kansas, and the Boaz Mastodon, a found on a farm in southwestern Wisconsin in 1897.^[101]

The Chazen Museum of Art, formerly the Elvehjem Museum of Art, maintains a collection of paintings, drawings, sculpture, prints and photographs spanning over 700 years of art.^[102]

The university's Zoological Museum maintains a collection of approximately 500,000 zoological specimens, which can be used for research and instruction. A special collection contains skeletons, artifacts, and research papers associated with the Galápagos Islands. Since 1978, the UW-Madison Zoological Museum has been one of only three museums granted permission by the Ecuadoran Government to collect anatomical specimens from the Galápagos Islands.^[103]

Athletics

Main article: Wisconsin Badgers

The University of Wisconsin-Madison sports teams participate in the NCAA's Division I-A. With the exception of men's and women's hockey and rowing (Wisconsin Crew), University of Wisconsin-Madison athletic programs compete in the Big Ten Conference. Both hockey programs compete in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association, while the traditionally highly ranked^[104] men's and women's crew programs compete in the Eastern Association of Rowing Colleges. The school's fight song is On, Wisconsin!. The school's mascot is Buckingham U. Badger, commonly referred to as "Bucky Badger".

2005–06 marked the first time in school history that four Badger teams brought home national championships in the same academic year. In the fall, the men's cross country team won its fourth national championship, after finishing second the previous three years. The winter season was highlighted by the men's and women's ice hockey teams both winning national titles. The year was capped off in the spring with the women's lightweight crew taking its third straight Intercollegiate Rowing Association national crown. In 2008, both men's and women's crew teams claimed national titles.^[105]

Football

Main article: Wisconsin Badgers football

The Badgers play college football at the 80,000-plus capacity Camp Randall Stadium. After every game, win or lose, the University of Wisconsin Marching Band plays popular songs during the Fifth Quarter. The 2005–06 season was the last for the Badgers' head coach Barry Alvarez, who became the school's full-time athletic director; Bret Bielema became head coach. The Badgers won three Rose Bowl Championships under Alvarez in 1994, 1999, and 2000. In the 2006 season, Bielema led the Badgers to an eleven-win regular season and to 12 overall wins, both firsts in school history.^[106] The Badgers' final win of the season was against SEC runner-up Arkansas at the Capital One Bowl.

Men's basketball

Main article: Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball

After decades of mediocrity (notwithstanding a 1941 national championship), the men's basketball team has enjoyed success in recent years. They are now a perennial attendee of the NCAA Tournament, reaching the Final Four in 2000. Bo Ryan, a four-time division III national championship coach at the University of Wisconsin-Platteville, has coached the team since 2001 after the retirement of Dick Bennett. The Badgers play at the Kohl Center, where the students are known as the Grateful Red. In the 2006–2007 basketball season, the Badgers attained their highest AP ranking (#1) (Feb. 19–25) in school history, garnering 35 first-place votes.^[107]

Women's basketball

Main article: Wisconsin Badgers women's basketball

The women's basketball team is led by Head Coach Lisa Stone and Frances Pomeroy Naismith Award winner Jolene Anderson. The Lady Badgers also play at the Kohl Center since their move from the Wisconsin Field House in 1998. The 2006–2007 season was a record-setting year as the Badgers recorded 23 wins, including 17 home wins, and were the WNIT Runner-Up Champions.

Ice hockey

Men's hockey game played at the Kohl Center

Badger ice hockey first became a men's varsity sport in 1922. Although dropped after the 1934–35 season, it again became a varsity sport in the 1963–64 season. Bob Johnson, nicknamed "Badger Bob" by fans, took over the reins in 1966. The men's team played in the Dane County Coliseum until moving to the Kohl Center (capacity 15,237) in the fall of 1998. The first ice hockey game played there was the Hall of Fame game against the University of Notre Dame.

The school's strong ice hockey tradition gained another dimension with the addition of a women's team that began play in the 1999–2000 season. Coached by Mark Johnson, son of "Badger Bob" and member of the men's 1977 title team, the team won its first national championship on March 26, 2006. The women's team repeated as national champions in 2007 with a victory over the University of Minnesota-Duluth on March 18 at Herb Brooks Arena in Lake Placid, NY.

On April 8, 2006 the men's team, coached by Mike Eaves, Johnson's teammate on the '77 title team, won their sixth national championship. The six national championships rank 4th in NCAA ice hockey history.^[108] The men's team had previously won NCAA titles in 1973, 1977, 1981, 1983 and 1990. The 2006 titles marked the first time that both the men's and women's Division I NCAA hockey titles were won by the same school in the same year.^[109] During the 2005–06 season, the men's team also set an NCAA attendance record, averaging 13,511, surpassing their previous record set in 1998–99.^[110]

Rivalries

The Wisconsin Badgers football team competes in the Big Ten Conference. Their most notable rivalry is with the University of Minnesota Golden Gophers, which is the most-played rivalry in Division 1-A football.^[111] In their annual college football game, they compete for Paul Bunyan's Axe. The two universities also compete in the Border Battle, a year-long athletic competition in which each team's win is worth a certain number of points for their university.

The long standing football rivalry between the University of Iowa and Wisconsin was finally recognized in 2004. The winner of the annual game between the schools is awarded the Heartland Trophy. Wisconsin also has a major non-conference basketball rivalry with Marquette University, located in Milwaukee. That rivalry is also driven by the public-private divide between the two leading schools in the same state. In more recent years, an intense rivalry has developed between Wisconsin and Ohio State University.

The Wisconsin Mens and Womens hockey teams compete in the WCHA (Western Collegiate Hockey Association). Their most recognized rivals are with the Golden Gophers of the University of Minnesota and the Fighting Souix of the University of North Dakota. Other rivals include University of Denver, Colorado College, Michigan Tech University, and St. Cloud State University.

Mascot

The mascot is an anthropomorphized badger named Bucky who dons a sweater affixed with the UW-Madison athletic logo (currently the red "Motion W"). Beginning in 1890, the university's first Bucky Badger was a live, temperamental and unruly badger who was quickly retired. Although the nickname of the Wisconsin teams remained the "Badgers," it was not until Art Evans drew the early caricature version of Bucky in 1940 that today's recognizable image of Bucky was adopted. In 1949, a contest was held to name the mascot, but no consensus was reached after only a few entries were received. In reaction, the contest committee chose the name Buckingham U. Badger, or "Bucky," for short.

The team's nickname originates from the state nickname. In the 1820s, many lead miners and their families lived in the mines in which they worked until adequate above-ground shelters were built, and thus were compared to badgers.^[112]

Student life

Over 750 student organizations or clubs register with the Student Organization Office at UW-Madison each year.^[113]

Media

Student newspapers

UW-Madison is the only American university to have two competing daily student newspapers: The Daily Cardinal, founded in 1892 and The Badger Herald, founded in 1969. In addition, students also produce the liberal Madison Observer, founded in 2003, and the conservative Mendota Beacon, founded in 2005. The Onion was founded in 1988 by two UW-Madison juniors, and was published in Madison before moving to New York City in 2001.

Campus radio

The University of Wisconsin-Madison campus radio station is WSUM 91.7 FM.^[114] Historically, UW-Madison has been home to a collection of student run radio stations, a number of which stopped broadcasting after run-ins with the FCC. The current radio station, WSUM, began in 1997 in a webcast only format because of the prolonged battle to get an FCC license and construct a tower. This lasted five years until February 22, 2002, when the station started broadcasting over FM airwaves at 91.7 from its tower in Montrose, Wisconsin. The radio station currently has around 150 volunteer DJ's and 8 paid managers. All UW-Madison students, as well as a limited number of community members, are eligible to participate in running the station. WSUM remains entirely free format, which means that the on-air personnel can showcase a large variety of music and talk programming at their discretion with few limitations. WSUM has garnered many awards from the Wisconsin Broadcasters Association for their news and unique public service announcements.^[115]

Moped use

Mopeds parked in designated moped parking spaces.

Because of the size of the campus, mopeds are a popular form of transportation among students. Madison has one of the highest number of registered mopeds per capita in the nation.^[116] On campus, mopeds riders are required to purchase parking permits^[117] and to park in designated moped parking areas.^[118]

"Party school" image

Wisconsin was named the number one "party school" in the May, 2006 issue of Playboy magazine.^[119] Although rated one of the nation's top party schools in the 2005 Princeton Review annual survey, it dropped out of the top twenty in that category in the 2007 survey. It did retain first place in 2007 for beer consumption.^[120] UW-Madison has long held a reputation for academics, political activism, and drinking; the last of these should be understood in the context of the state's traditionally high level of alcohol consumption in general.^[121]

The festive mentality is most notably displayed with the annual Mifflin Street Block Party and the State Street Halloween Party. The Mifflin Street Block Party, which began in the 1960s as a counterculture event, is today a spring semester finals week kickoff. Both events are commonly attended by tens of thousands of partiers, including many who come from out-of-state. Following a (non-political) riot that developed at the 1996 Mifflin Street Block Party, it was forcibly canceled by the city; since then, the city has permitted resumption of a Mifflin Street event.

Notable people

Main article: List of University of Wisconsin-Madison people

UW-Madison alumni

Living alumni: 376,577^[122]

International alumni 15,013 (4%)^[122]

Alumni in Wisconsin: 139,631 (40%)^[122]

Alumni populations of major U.S. cities:^[122]

17 Nobel Prizes and 24 Pulitzer Prizes have been awarded to UW-Madison alumni or faculty.^[122]

See also

• Big Ten Conference
• Camp Randall Stadium
• Kohl Center
• Undergraduate Projects Lab – Department of Computer Sciences organization that provides resources to undergraduates to pursue research
• University of Wisconsin (former)
• University of Wisconsin Forensics Team
• University of Wisconsin Law School
• University of Wisconsin-Madison Arboretum
• University of Wisconsin Marching Band
• University of Wisconsin System
• UW Hybrid Vehicle Team – a competitive engineering team
• UW-Madison Geology Museum
• Weinert Center for Entrepreneurship
• Western Collegiate Hockey Association
• Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
• Wisconsin Badgers
• Wisconsin Badgers football
• Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball
• Wisconsin Hoofers
• Wisconsin Idea

References

External links

• Official website
• Official Athletics website
• The William J. Meuer Photoart Collection

• University of Wisconsin-Madison is at