The Secret of NIMH

The Secret Of NIMH
Right before your eyes and beyond your wildest dreams.
Directed by	Don Bluth
Produced by	Don Bluth Gary Goldman John Pomeroy
Written by	Don Bluth, Robert C. O'Brien, Will Finn, Gary Goldman, John Pomeroy
Starring	Elizabeth Hartman Derek Jacobi Dom DeLuise John Carradine Arthur Malet Hermione Baddeley Peter Strauss Paul Shenar Shannen Doherty Wil Wheaton
Music by	Jerry Goldsmith
Distributed by	MGM/UA Entertainment Co.
Release date(s)	July 2, 1982
Running time	82 min.
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	US$7 million
Gross revenue	US$14,665,733
Followed by	The Secret of NIMH 2: Timmy to the Rescue

The Secret of NIMH (alternatively spelled "The Secret of N.I.M.H.") is a 1982 animated film adaptation of the Newbery Medal-winning book Mrs. Frisby and the Rats of NIMH (Mrs. Frisby's name is changed to "Brisby" in the film due to trademark concerns with Frisbee discs), written by American author Robert C. O'Brien. The title of the movie was later used for newer editions of the book. It was directed by Don Bluth, produced by Aurora Pictures, and released by United Artists.

Plot

An old rat writes in a journal about his friend Jonathan Brisby, who has been killed that day while helping with "the plan". As he holds onto an amulet, he wonders to himself how to help Jonathan's widow, who knows nothing of her husband's association with this rat, or their experience of "NIMH" four years earlier. Deciding to bide his time, he puts the amulet away and says goodbye to his friend.

Elsewhere, Mrs. Brisby, a resourceful field mouse, lives in a cinder block with her children on the Fitzgibbons' farm. She is preparing to move her family out of the field they live in as plowing time approaches; however, her son Timothy has fallen ill. She visits Mr. Ages, another mouse and old friend of her late husband, who diagnoses her son with pneumonia, and provides her with some medicine from his strange laboratory. Mr. Ages warns her that Timothy cannot go outside for at least three weeks or he will die. On her way back home she encounters Jeremy, a clumsy but compassionate crow. After she frees him from the string he was entangled in, Dragon, the farmer's cat, appears and chases them away. Mrs. Brisby loses the medicine during the chase, but Jeremy is revealed to have picked it up. The next day spring plowing begins, and though Mrs. Brisby is able to stop the tractor, she knows she must come up with another plan. With the help of Jeremy she visits the Great Owl, a wise creature living in the nearby woods, to ask for help. He initially advises her to move her family regardless of risk, but after discovering she is Jonathan Brisby's widow, he tells her to visit a mysterious group of rats who live beneath a rose bush on the farm and ask for Nicodemus.

Upon visiting the rose bush, Mrs. Brisby runs into Brutus, a young, muscular rat who chases her away with his electric spear. She then sees Mr. Ages entering the rose bush, and notices he has somehow broken his leg. When she tries to tell him about Brutus, he replies "Oh, never mind Brutus". Mr. Ages then tries at first to send her away, but is amazed when she tells him about the Great Owl's advice, because as far as he knows "No one has ever seen the Owl and lived to tell about it." Deciding to vouch for her with the rats, Mr. Ages leads her to their home, where she is amazed to see their use of electricity and other human technology. She meets Nicodemus, the wise and mystical leader of the rats (who was the journal writer in the beginning), and Justin, an extremely kind and friendly rat who is the Captain of the Guards. She learns that her late husband, along with the rats, was a part of a series of experiments at a place known as N.I.M.H. (which stands for the National Institute of Mental Health).

Nicodemus explains to Mrs. Brisby how mice and rats were captured and tortured. Injections performed on the mice and rats had boosted their intelligence, allowing them to learn to read and to understand things such as complex mechanics and electricity. The experiments also prolonged their lifespan, which is why Jonathan never told his wife, as she would have aged and died far faster than he. The rats, along with Mr. Ages and Jonathan Brisby, escaped from N.I.M.H. and came to live on the Fitzgibbon farm. The rats created a home for themselves under Mrs. Fitzgibbon's rose bush, creating an elaborate habitation of beautiful chambers, elevators, and Christmas lights. However, the rats are unhappy (on a number of levels) in their dependence on the humans, whom they are stealing electricity from, and have concocted "The Plan", which is to leave the farm and live independently. Nicodemus then presents Mrs. Brisby with the amulet.

Because of her husband's prior relationship with the rats, they agree to help Mrs. Brisby move her home out of the path of the plow. However, Jenner and his hesitant accomplice Sullivan, who wish to remain in the rose bush, plot to kill Nicodemus during the move. Mrs. Brisby is told by Justin that someone must drug the Fitzgibbon's cat, Dragon, so that they can complete the move safely. But only mice are small enough to fit through the mousehole leading to the house, and Jonathan was killed by Dragon while trying. Mrs. Brisby volunteers as a means of repaying them.

On her way home, Mrs. Brisby sees Jeremy again. Jeremy is dazzled by her amulet and begs her to trade it to him, almost to the point of obsession, but she knows she must keep it and distracts him by asking him to fetch string for her to help move her house. Jeremy heads away to do so.

Later that night, she successfully puts the drug into the cat's food dish, however the Fitzgibbon's son Billy catches her and convinces his mother to let him keep her as a pet. While trapped in a birdcage, she overhears a telephone conversation between Mr. Fitzgibbon and NIMH and learns that NIMH intends to come to the farm to exterminate the rats the next day. She manages to escape from the cage and runs off to warn Justin.

Meanwhile, the rats are completing the move during a thunderstorm. Just as the Brisby house is over Nicodemus, Jenner cuts the pulley ropes, expecting the house to fall and crush Nicodemus. However, Sullivan reneges on his part of the plan, causing the house to land elsewhere. Despite this, the now unsecured equipment is destroyed by the wild weather and Nicodemus is instead crushed under flying pulleys and ropes. Everyone still assumes that it was an accident and Jenner tries to assert himself as the new leader, trying to convince them to return to the rosebush and abandon the plans to migrate. Mrs. Brisby arrives and, though saddened to hear of Nicodemus' death and worried for her children, tries equally hard to convince the rats that NIMH is coming and that they must leave immediately. Jenner becomes angry and knocks her down, allowing him to see the amulet. Overcome by a lust for power, he draws his sword and tries to take it. Justin rushes to Mrs. Brisby's aid, though he is initially unarmed. Jenner stabs Sullivan after Sullivan manages to give a sword to Justin. During the fight Justin accuses Jenner of killing Nicodemus and Jenner admits to it, telling Justin that Nicodemus wanted to ruin everything. Jenner appears to have the upper hand but Justin turns the tables in his favor and stabs Jenner in the stomach. Justin assumes leadership and tells everyone present that they must move tonight. Furious and seriously wounded, Jenner manages one last attack at Justin; however, shortly before dying, Sullivan manages to toss a dagger into Jenner's back, killing him.

Mrs. Brisby suddenly hears the cries of her children from inside the house and realizes that the house is sinking in the mud it landed in. Despite the best efforts of the rats, they are unable to pull it from the mud. However, Mrs. Brisby's will to save her children somehow gives power to the amulet, which she uses to lift the house out of the mud and move it to safety from the plow. The considerable effort causes her to pass out shortly afterward.

Some time later, Timothy has begun to recover. Jeremy comes with the string, but despairs when he sees the house is already moved. Suddenly finding "Miss Right", an equally clumsy crow who crashes into him, he once again begs Mrs. Brisby for the amulet. She reveals the rats moved from the farm and she gave the amulet to Justin, now the leader of the rats. Jeremy is disappointed but quickly realizes it doesn't matter and he flies off with his new love.

Production

The Secret of NIMH was the first feature film to be directed by Don Bluth. In September 1979 he, fellow animators Gary Goldman and John Pomeroy, and eight other animation staff left Walt Disney Productions animation department to set up their own independent studio, Don Bluth Productions. The studio worked at first out of Bluth's house and garage, but moved to a two-story, 5,500-square-foot (510 m²) facility in Studio City several months later. After completing work on several shorter projects, including a two-minute animated sequence for the film Xanadu, the studio forged a deal with Aurora Productions, a film-making partnership established by former Disney executives.^[1]

The rights to the book Mrs. Frisby and the Rats of NIMH had reportedly been offered to Disney in 1972 but turned down.^[2]At Bluth, Goldman and Pomeroy's request, Aurora Productions acquired the film rights, and offered Don Bluth Productions a budget of US$ 5.7 million and 30 months to complete the film, tighter in both budget and schedule than most Disney animated features at the time. The studio set out with the explicit goal in mind of returning feature animation to its “golden era”, concentrating on strong characters and story, and experimenting with unusual and often more labor-intensive animation techniques.^[3] Bluth believed older techniques were being abandoned in favor of lower production costs, and the only way animation could survive was to continue traditional production methods. Among the techniques experimented with on The Secret of NIMH were multiple passes on the camera to achieve transparent shadows, and backlit animation (where animated mattes are shot with light shining through color gels to produce glowing, areas for artificial light and fire effects), multiple color palettes for characters to fit in different lighting situations, from daylight, to night, to warm environments to underwater. Mrs Brisby had 46 different lighting situations, therefore there were 46 different color palettes, or lists of color, for her. Two modern, computerized versions of the multiplane camera were also manufactured for this production.^[4]

To achieve the film's detailed full animation while keeping to the tight budget, the studio strove to keep any waste of time and resources to a minimum. The crew often worked long hours with no immediate financial reward (though they were offered a cut of the film's profits, a practice common for producers, directors and stars of live action films but never before offered to artists on an animated feature); producer Gary Goldman recalled working 110 hour weeks during the final six months of production.^[2] Around 100 in-house staff worked on the film, with the labor-intensive cel painting farmed out to 45 people working from home.^[5] Many minor roles, including incidental and crowd voice work, were filled in by the in-house staff. The final cost of the film was US$ 6.385M. The producers, Bluth, Goldman, Pomeroy and the executive producers at Aurora mortgaged their homes collectively for $700,000 to complete the film, with an agreement that their investment would be first money to be repaid.

During the film's production, Aurora contacted Wham-O, the manufacturers of Frisbee flying discs, with concerns about possible trademark infringements if the "Mrs. Frisby" name in O'Brien's original book was used in the movie. Wham-O rejected Aurora's request for waiver to use the same-sounding name to their "Frisbee", in the movie. Aurora informed Bluth & company that Mrs. Frisby's name would have to be altered. By then, the voice work had already been recorded for the film, so the name change to "Mrs. Brisby" necessitated a combination of re-recording some lines and, because John Carradine was unavailable for further recordings, careful sound editing had to be performed, taking the "B" sound of another word from Carradine's recorded lines, and replace the "F" sound with the "B" sound, altering the name from "Frisby" to "Brisby".^[2]

Reception

The film garnered critical acclaim for being one of the most vibrantly animated films of its time and has earned a 94% "fresh" approval rating on the Rotten Tomatoes website.^[6] Despite good reviews, the film only did moderately well at the box office, attributed to a combination of poor promotion, regionally-staggered release dates and competition from the Steven Spielberg blockbuster E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial.^[7] A major dispute between Aurora Productions, the studio which financed NIMH, and MGM/UA which had bought Aurora prior to the film's release and added scheduling and marketing difficulties, may also have affected NIMH's commercial success. There was some controversy over the perception that the film was perhaps too frightening and violent for most young children despite its MPAA "G" rating (the Walt Disney Company originally rejected this project because it was perceived to be "too dark" and complicated to be a financial hit). In addition, in one scene where Mrs. Brisby is captured, Justin cries "Damn!", which almost caused the film to receive its original PG rating.

Nevertheless, the movie garnered a passionate cult following that arose from home video and also made quite an impact to the animation world in general. Steven Spielberg loved the film so much that he insisted on working with Don Bluth to create An American Tail.

Home video history

Despite its performance at the box office, the film had a more successful run when it was released on home video. It was released on DVD for the first time on November 17th, 1998. In 2007, Don Bluth and Gary Goldman oversaw a high-definition restoration of the film, and it was released on 2-disc DVD as the "Family Fun Edition" on June 19, 2007. However, the DVD was released in several Wal-Mart stores across the US on June 5, 2007; 14 days before its scheduled release. A similar incident happened with the "Family Fun Edition" DVD release of The Pebble and the Penguin. Though the Don Bluth website has said there will be a Blu-ray release of the film, no details have been announced yet.

Cast

Soundtrack

Soundtrack album track listing, music by Jerry Goldsmith and released in 1982 by MCA Records.

• 1. "Main Title" (orchestral)
• 2. "Allergic Reaction/Athletic Type" (orchestral)
• 3. "Flying Dreams Lullaby" (performed by Sally Stevens)
• 4. "The Tractor" (orchestral)
• 5. "The Sentry Reel/The Story of NIMH" (orchestral)
• 6. "Escape from NIMH/In Disguise" (orchestral)
• 7. "Flying Dreams" (performed by Paul H. Williams)
• 8. "Step Inside My House" (orchestral)
• 9. "No Thanks" (orchestral)
• 10. "Moving Day" (orchestral)
• 11. "The House Rising" (orchestral)
• 12. "Flying High/End Title" (orchestral)

References

1. ↑ Beck, Jerry (October 2005). The Animated Movie Guide. Chicago Review Press. pp. p.243-4. ISBN 1-556-52591-5. 
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2} Cawley, John (October 1991). "The Secret of N.I.M.H.". The Animated Films of Don Bluth. Image Pub of New York. ISBN 0-685-50334-8. http://www.cataroo.com/DBnimh.html. 
3. ↑ Counts, Kyle (February 1982). "Coming: The Secret of NIMH", Cinefantastique. 
4. ↑ Mandell, Paul (June 1982). "Interview with Dorse Lanpher". Retrieved on 2007-01-30. 
5. ↑ McDaniel, Adam. "Remembering NIMH: An Interview with Don Bluth Studios". Retrieved on 2007-01-30.
6. ↑ http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/secret_of_nimh/.
7. ↑ Beck, Jerry (1996-06-01). "Don Bluth Goes Independent", Animation World Magazine. 

External links

• The Secret of NIMH at the Internet Movie Database
• The Secret of NIMH at Allmovie
• The Secret of NIMH at Rotten Tomatoes
• The Secret of NIMH at Box Office Mojo