The Olympic Oath is taken by one athlete and one judge at the opening ceremonies of each Olympic Games. It was spoken in Greek at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens and in Italian at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin.
The athlete, from the team of the organizing country, holds a corner of the Olympic Flag while reciting the oath:
The judge, also from the host nation, likewise holds a corner of the flag but takes a slightly different oath:
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A call for an oath was announced as early as 1906 by International Olympic Committee (IOC) president and founder Pierre de Coubertin in the Revue Olympique (Olympic Review in (French)).[2] This was done in an effort to ensure fairness and impartiality.[2]
The Olympic Oath was first taken at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp by a fencer/water polo player. The first judge's oath was taken at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo.
Victor Boin's oath in 1920 was
In 1961, "swear" was replaced by "promise" and "the honour of our countries" by "the honour of our teams" in an obvious effort to eliminate nationalism at the Olympic Games.[2] The part concerning doping was added at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
The athletes and judges that have delivered the Olympic Oath are listed below.
| Olympics | Athlete | Judge (Official) |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 Summer Olympics | Victor Boin[3] | - |
| 1924 Winter Olympics | Camille Mandrillon[4] | - |
| 1924 Summer Olympics | Georges André[5] | - |
| 1928 Winter Olympics | Hans Eidenbenz[6] | - |
| 1928 Summer Olympics | Harry Dénis[7] | - |
| 1932 Winter Olympics | Jack Shea[8] | - |
| 1932 Summer Olympics | George Calnan[9] | - |
| 1936 Winter Olympics | Willy Bogner, Sr.[10] | - |
| 1936 Summer Olympics | Rudolf Ismayr[11] | - |
| 1948 Winter Olympics | Bibi Torriani[12] | - |
| 1948 Summer Olympics | Donald Finlay[13] | - |
| 1952 Winter Olympics | Torbjørn Falkanger[14] | - |
| 1952 Summer Olympics | Heikki Savolainen[15] | - |
| 1956 Winter Olympics | Giuliana Minuzzo[16] | - |
| 1956 Summer Olympics | John Landy (Melbourne) Henri Saint Cyr (Stockholm)[17] |
- |
| 1960 Winter Olympics | Carol Heiss[18] | - |
| 1960 Summer Olympics | Adolfo Consolini[19] | - |
| 1964 Winter Olympics | Paul Aste[20] | - |
| 1964 Summer Olympics | Takashi Ono[21] | - |
| 1968 Winter Olympics | Léo Lacroix[22] | - |
| 1968 Summer Olympics | Pablo Garrido[23] | - |
| 1972 Winter Olympics | Keiichi Suzuki[24] | Fumio Asaki[24] |
| 1972 Summer Olympics | Heidi Schüller[25] | Heinz Pollay[25] |
| 1976 Winter Olympics | Werner Delle Karth[26] | Willy Köstinger[26] |
| 1976 Summer Olympics | Pierre St.-Jean[27] | Maurice Fauget[27] |
| 1980 Winter Olympics | Eric Heiden[28] | Terry McDermott[28] |
| 1980 Summer Olympics | Nikolai Andrianov[29] | Alexander Medved[29] |
| 1984 Winter Olympics | Bojan Križaj[30] | Dragan Perovic[30] |
| 1984 Summer Olympics | Edwin Moses[31] | Sharon Weber[31] |
| 1988 Winter Olympics | Pierre Harvey[32] | Suzanna Morrow-Francis[32] |
| 1988 Summer Olympics | Hur Jae Shon Mi-Na[33] |
Lee Hak-Rae[33] |
| 1992 Winter Olympics | Surya Bonaly[34] | Pierre Bornat[34] |
| 1992 Summer Olympics | Luis Doreste Blanco[35] | Eugeni Asensio[35] |
| 1994 Winter Olympics | Vegard Ulvang[36] | Kari Karing[36] |
| 1996 Summer Olympics | Teresa Edwards[37] | Hobie Billingsley[37] |
| 1998 Winter Olympics | Kenji Ogiwara[38] | Junko Hiramatsu[38] |
| 2000 Summer Olympics | Rechelle Hawkes[39] | Peter Kerr[39] |
| 2002 Winter Olympics | Jimmy Shea[40] | Allen Church[40] |
| 2004 Summer Olympics | Zoi Dimoschaki[41] | Lazaros Voreadis[41] |
| 2006 Winter Olympics | Giorgio Rocca[42] | Fabio Bianchetti[42] |
| 2008 Summer Olympics | Zhang Yining | Huang Liping |
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