Muhammad al-Baqir
 Muhammad al-Bāqir Imams of Shi'a Islam |
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| Rank | Fifth Twelver/Musta‘lī Imām Fourth Nizārī Imām |
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| Name | Muhammad ibn ‘Alī ibn Husayn |
| Kunya | Abu Ja‘far[1] |
| Birth | 1st Rajab 57 AH ≈ 676 C.E. |
| Death | 7th Dhu al-Hijjah 114 AH ≈ 743 C.E. |
| Birthplace | Madīnah |
| Buried | Jannatul Baqī‘, Madīnah |
| Life Duration | Before Imamate: 37 years (57 - 94 AH) - 3 years with his grandfather Imām Husayn - 34 years alongside his father Imām as-Sajjād Imamate: 19 years (94 - 114 AH) |
| Titles | *al-Bāqir (Arabic for Revealer) *Besinci Ali (Turkish for Fifth Ali) |
| Spouse(s) | Umm Farwah Umm Hakīm bint Usayd ibn al-Mughīrā al-Thaqafī |
| Father | ‘Alī ibn Husayn |
| Mother | Fātimah bint al-Hasan ibn ‘Alī |
| Children | Ja‘far as-Sādiq, Ibrahīm,[2] ‘Alī,[3] ‘Abdullāh,[4] Zaynab,[5] Umm Salamah[6] |
Ali · Hasan · Husayn |
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Muḥammad ibn ‘Alī al-Baqir (Arabic: محمد ابن علي الباقر ) (676-743 AD or 1 Rajab 57 AH – 7 Dhu al-Hijjah 114 AH) was the Fifth Imām to the Twelver Shī‘ah and Fourth Imām to the Ismā‘īlī Shī‘ah. His father was the previous Imām, ‘Alī ibn Ḥusayn, and his mother was Fāṭimah bint Ḥassan ibn ‘Alī. He is highly respected by Sunni Muslims for his religious knowledge and Islamic scholarship.
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Birth
Muhammad al-Baqir was born on the 1st of the month of Rajab, 57th Hijra, in the city of Medina. Because of the resemblance that he had with his great-grandfather he was named Muhammad, because of it that he analyzed the knowledge and made manifest its secrets he became known with the title of al-Baqir. He was the first Imam whose lineage ascended and reached the Islamic prophet Muhammad both from the paternal and maternal sides.
His life history can be divided into two parts.
- The period before his Imamate which is nearly 35 years and was the peaceful part of his life, led in Medina.
- The Period of Imamate, which stretched, up to twenty years and is counted as the duration of the propagation and dissemination of Islamic knowledge and wisdom.
Expertise
Muhammad al-Baqir was awarded the title Baqir al-'Ulum "Revealer of Knowledge" because of his religious and judicial knowledge and his enthusiasm to teach. Muhammad al-Baqir’s son, Ja'far al-Sadiq, was his student and benefited from his knowledge. He founded the precursor of Shī‘ah jurisprudence.
During the Umayyad rulers
Despite his aversion to politics, the Umayyad rulers harassed Muhammad al-Baqir for fear of his popularity and influence. The actions of his brother and other kinsmen made them distrust him.
Death
Muhammad al-Baqir was poisoned by the order of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik on 7 Dhu al-Hijjah 114 (31 January 743) at the age of 57 years. His body was buried beside the graves of other Imams in the graveyard of Jannatul Baqee'.
See also
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External links
- AL-BAQER by Wilferd Madelung, an article in Encyclopedia Iranica
- The Fifth Imam
References
- ↑ Dala'il al-Imama, p. 94.
- ↑ Mirat al-Zaman fi Tawarikh al-A'yan, vol. 5, p. 78. Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat, vol. 5, p. 320.
- ↑ Ghayat al-Ikhtisar, p. 63. Safinat al-Bihar, vol. 1, p. 309.
- ↑ Al-Mufid, al-Irshad, p. 303. Al-Sirat al-Sawi, p. 194.
- ↑ Sayyid Kazim Yamani, al-Nafha al-'Ambariya
- ↑ Safinat al-Bihar, vol. 1, p. 309. Mir'at al-Zaman fi Tawarikh al-A'yan, vol. 5, p. 78. Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat, vol.5, p. 230.
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Muhammad al-Baqir
Banu Hashim
Cadet branch of the Banu Quraish
Born: 1st Rajab 57 AH ≈ 676 CE Died: 7th Dhu al-Hijjah 114 AH ≈ 743 CE |
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| Shī‘a Islam titles | ||
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| Preceded by Ali ibn Husayn |
Imam - V of Twelver-Mustaali 713 – 743 |
Succeeded by Jafar al-Sadiq |
| Preceded by Ali ibn Husayn |
Imam - IV of Nizari Ismaili 713 – 743 |
Succeeded by Jafar al-Sadiq |