Mel Martinez
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Incumbent | |
Assumed office January 3, 2005 Serving with Bill Nelson |
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Preceded by | Bob Graham |
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12th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
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In office January 24, 2001 – December 13, 2003 |
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President | George W. Bush |
Preceded by | Andrew Cuomo |
Succeeded by | Alphonso Jackson |
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Born | October 23, 1946 Sagua La Grande, Cuba |
Political party | Republican |
Spouse | Kitty Martinez |
Children | Lauren Martinez Shea John Martinez Andrew Martinez |
Residence | Orlando, Florida |
Alma mater | Florida State University |
Profession | Lawyer |
Religion | Roman Catholic |
Melquíades Rafael "Mel" Martínez (born October 23, 1946) is currently the junior United States Senator from Florida and served as General Chairman of the Republican Party from November, 2006 until October 19, 2007. Previously, Martinez served as the 12th Secretary of Housing and Urban Development under President George W. Bush. Martinez is a Cuban-American and Roman Catholic. He announced he was resigning as Chairman of the Republican National Committee on October 19, 2007.[1] He is an honorary initiate of the Alpha Tau Omega Fraternity through the Eta Rho Chapter at the University of Central Florida in Orlando.
Martinez resigned his cabinet post on December 12, 2003 to run for the open U.S. Senate seat in Florida being vacated by retiring Democratic Senator Bob Graham. Martinez secured the Republican nomination and narrowly defeated the Democratic nominee, Betty Castor. His election made him the first Cuban-American to serve in the U.S. Senate. Furthermore, he and Ken Salazar (who is Mexican-American) are the first Hispanic U.S. Senators since 1977. They were joined by Bob Menendez (who is also Cuban-American) in January 2006. On December 2, 2008, Martinez announced he will not be running for re-election to the Senate when his first term ends in 2010.[2]
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Martinez was born in Sagua La Grande, Cuba, to Gladys V. Ruiz and Melquiades C. Martinez.[3] He came to the United States in 1962 as part of a Roman Catholic humanitarian effort called Operation Peter Pan, which brought into the U.S. more than 14,000 children. Catholic charitable groups provided Martinez a temporary home at two youth facilities. At the time Martinez was alone and spoke virtually no English. He subsequently lived with two foster families, and in 1966 was reunited with his family in Orlando.
Martinez received his Juris Doctor from the Florida State University College of Law in 1973. He began his legal career working at the firm Wooten Honeywell,[4] where he became a partner and worked at for more than a decade. During his 25 years of law practice in Orlando, he was involved in various civic organizations. He served as Vice-President of the Board of Catholic Charities of the Orlando Diocese.
In 1994, Martinez ran for Lieutenant Governor of Florida. He teamed up with former Family Research Council President Ken Connor, who was the gubernatorial candidate. The Connor/Martinez ticket was defeated in the Republican primary, finishing fifth with 83,945 votes, or 9.31% of the vote.
Before becoming Secretary of HUD, Martinez served on the Governor's Growth Management Study Commission. He previously served as President of the Orlando Utilities Commission, on the board of directors of a community bank, and as Chairman of the Orlando Housing Authority.
Serving as co-chairman of George W. Bush's 2000 presidential election campaign in Florida, Martinez was a leading fundraiser. He was one of the 25 electors from Florida, who voted for George W. Bush in the 2000 election.
Martinez and his wife Kitty have three children (Lauren Martinez Shea, John Martinez and Andrew Martinez) and three grandchildren. He is the brother of Rafael E. Martinez. Mel Martinez lives in the Baldwin Park neighborhood of Orlando (as does Florida's other senator, Bill Nelson) and in Washington.
Mel Martinez is an honorary initiate of the Alpha Tau Omega Fraternity through the Eta Rho Chapter at the University of Central Florida in Orlando.
Martinez attended Bishop Moore High School in Orlando on scholarship. After graduation, he attended Florida State University for both undergraduate and graduate studies, and is a graduate of Florida State University College of Law.
In November 2004, Martinez was the Republican nominee in the U.S. Senate election to replace retiring Democrat Bob Graham. Much of Martinez's support came from Washington: he was endorsed early by many prominent Republican groups, and publicly supported by key national Republican figures such as Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist. His Cuban background and his popularity in the battleground Orlando, Florida region both contributed to his appeal to the statewide GOP in Florida. But Internet magazine Salon reported that Martinez wanted to run for governor in 2006, though the GOP convinced him to run for Senate two years earlier instead.
Martinez's nomination by the Republican Party was far from certain. He was seriously challenged by former Congressman Bill McCollum. McCollum criticized Martinez's background as a plaintiff's attorney, and many Republicans initially feared that Martinez's nomination would destroy the GOP's ability to criticize Democratic vice presidential nominee John Edwards' background. Martinez was also said to be soft on tort reform, a major Republican issue in the 2004 race.
After a McCollum surge in the final weeks leading up to the primary, Martinez fought back in the last week of the race, putting out mass mailings and television ads that called McCollum "the new darling of homosexual extremists," pointing out that McCollum had sponsored hate crimes legislation while a member of the House of Representatives. Martinez pulled some of the more offensive ads from the air after a personal appeal from Governor Jeb Bush, but never disavowed them. The St. Petersburg Times took the extraordinary step of revoking its endorsement of Martinez in the Republican primary and endorsing McCollum.[5]
In the Republican primary on August 31, Martinez won a decisive victory over McCollum (45 to 31 percent). Shortly afterward, he spoke alongside President Bush at the 2004 Republican National Convention on September 2.
Martinez defeated his Democratic opponent, Betty Castor, in a very close election that was preceded by numerous negative television ads from both campaigns. Martinez's margin of victory was small enough that a winner was not declared until Castor conceded the day after the election.
President Bush won in Florida by 52%-47%, but Martinez only won 49%-48%, with a margin of about 70,000 votes. Martinez did much worse than Bush in the Tampa area, such as in Hillsborough and Pinellas counties, and in smaller counties such as Liberty and Lafayette. The only counties that Martinez won that Bush did not were Orange and Miami-Dade.
In August 2006, the Martinez campaign acknowledged that the 2004 campaign had been under review by the Federal Election Commission for more than a year. Following the 2004 election, Martinez originally reported that his $12-million campaign had about $115,000 in debt, according to FEC documents. But the latest revision of that figure shows the original tally was off by about a half-million dollars: his campaign instead owed $685,000 in election expenses.
The FEC has sent Martinez at least 20 letters asking to clarify his 2004 campaign reports. His campaign has spent about $300,000 in accounting and attorney's fees since the 2004 election.[6]
The organization Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW), which monitors political corruption, filed a complaint with the Federal Elections Commission (FEC) in August 2006 that charged Martinez with having illegally accepted more than $60,000 from the Bacardi beverage company in the campaign. Bacardi violated the Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA) and FEC regulations, CREW alleges, by soliciting contributions from a list of the corporation’s vendors for these campaigns, and by using corporate funds to pay for food and beverages at campaign events held in the company’s corporate headquarters on May 11, 2004. An amended complaint by CREW in October 2006 alleged similar behavior by Bacardi for Democratic Senator Bill Nelson's 2006 re-election campaign.[7] On October, 28, 2008, Republican Sen. Mel Martinez has agreed to pay $99,000 in fines for his campaign's failure to comply with federal election laws, including its acceptance of excess contributions, records show.
Documents filed by the Federal Election Commission show the resolution of the long-running dispute with the former general chairman of the Republican National Committee stemming from his 2004 campaign.
An FEC audit found Martinez's campaign accepted a total of $313,235 in contributions that exceeded limits from 186 donors. The fine was agreed to by the FEC on Sept. 10 and was posted a month later in its database.
Despite an absence of a quorum, the Senate approved The Palm Sunday Compromise, formally known as the Act for the relief of the parents of Theresa Marie Schiavo (S. 686 CPS), in the early hours of March 20, 2005, to allow the case of Terri Schiavo to be moved into a federal court. The bill passed unanimously by voice vote and no formal record of the vote was made. Bill Frist (R-TN), Rick Santorum (R-PA), and Mel Martinez (R-FL), the only Senators present, voted for the bill with the remaining 97 Senators not present.
The act was strongly criticized by many on both sides of the political divide for the following reasons.
As in the state courts, all of the Schindlers' federal petitions on behalf of Mrs.Schiavo and appeals were denied, and the U.S. Supreme Court declined to grant certiorari, effectively ending the Schindler family legal options.
On April 6, 2005, Martinez accepted the resignation of his legal counsel, Brian Darling[8], who was responsible for writing and circulating the Schiavo memo related to the Terry Schiavo case.
Martinez immediately denied all knowledge of Darling's involvement in the situation, noting that he himself had inadvertently passed a copy of the memo to Democratic Senator Tom Harkin of Iowa, believing that it was nothing more than an outline of the Republican proposal. Martinez asserted that the memo "was intended to be a working draft," stating that Darling "doesn't really know how I got it."
The Schiavo memo is the third incident in which Martinez accepted broad responsibility while laying blame upon a staffer for the underlying deed. During the Republican primary, a staffer was blamed for a passage in a campaign flyer painting his opponent Bill McCollum as a servant of the "radical homosexual lobby". Shortly thereafter another staffer was blamed for labeling federal agents involved in the Elián González affair as "armed thugs"[9].
In spite of Martinez's vocal objections to homosexual issues such as gay marriage, he employed two gay men in his 2004 Senate campaign[10]. One of them, Kirk Fordham, would become a figure in the Mark Foley scandal.
In November 2006, Martinez was named general chairman of the Republican Party for the 2007–2008 election cycle (Mike Duncan will handle the day-to-day operations). Some felt the choice was made in part due to the dip in support for Republicans among Latino voters in the 2006 midterm elections.[11] Some conservatives objected to Martinez's selection, citing his positions on immigration and their general lack of enthusiasm for his performance as senator. Martinez stepped down from this position on October 19, 2007.
"The bottom line is I don't plan on prosecuting anyone. When I go to the United States Senate, I'm going to be confirming judges who will go to the courts, and the courts will deal with the issue. This is not up for a vote by the United States Senate." Adding, "We're far from prosecuting people in this country over that issue"[12]
On January 25, 2008, Martinez endorsed Sen. John McCain in the Florida Republican primary of the 2008 presidential election, citing McCain's understanding of national security and economic and foreign policy.[14] McCain subsequently won the primary.
Florida U.S. Senate Election 2004 | |||||
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Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Republican | Mel Martinez | 3,672,864 | 49.5 | ||
Democratic | Betty Castor | 3,590,201 | 48.4 |
Political offices | ||
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Preceded by Andrew Cuomo |
United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Served Under: George W. Bush 2001–2003 |
Succeeded by Alphonso Jackson |
United States Senate | ||
Preceded by Bob Graham |
United States Senator (Class 3) from Florida 2005-01-03 – present Served alongside: Bill Nelson |
Incumbent |
Order of precedence in the United States of America | ||
Preceded by David Vitter R-Louisiana |
United States Senators by seniority 84th |
Succeeded by Ken Salazar D-Colorado |
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