Macaque

Macaques^[1]

Crab-eating Macaque (Macaca fascicularis)

Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Primates
Family:	Cercopithecidae
Subfamily:	Cercopithecinae
Genus:	Macaca Lacepede, 1799

Type species

Simia inuus
Linnaeus, 1758 = Simia sylvanus Linnaeus, 1758

Species

See text.

Stump-tailed Macaque (Macaca arctoides)

Japanese Macaque (Macaca fuscata)

Pig-tailed Macaque (Macaca nemestrina)

The macaques (pronounced /məˈkæk/) constitute a genus (Macaca, /məˈkækə/) of Old World monkeys of the subfamily Cercopithecinae.

Aside from humans (genus Homo), the macaques are the most widespread primate genus, ranging from northern Africa to Japan. Twenty-two macaque species are currently recognised, and they include some of the monkeys best known to non-zoologists, such as the Rhesus Macaque (as the Rhesus Monkey), Macaca mulatta, and the Barbary Macaque (as the Barbary Ape), M. sylvanus, a colony of which lives on the Rock of Gibraltar. Although several species lack tails, and their common names therefore refer to them as apes, these are true monkeys, with no greater relationship to the true apes than any other Old World monkeys.

Several species of macaque are used extensively in animal testing.

In the late 1990s it was discovered that nearly all (about 90%) pet and captive macaques are carriers of the herpes-B virus. This virus is harmless to macaques, but infections of humans, while rare, are potentially fatal. A 2005 University of Toronto study showed that urban performing macaques also carried simian foamy virus, suggesting they could be involved in the species-to-species jump of similar retroviruses to humans.^[2]

Species list

Genus Macaca

M. sylvanus group
- Barbary Macaque, Macaca sylvanus
M. nemestrina group
- Lion-tailed Macaque, Macaca silenus
- Southern Pig-tailed Macaque or Beruk, Macaca nemestrina
- Northern Pig-tailed Macaque, Macaca leonina
- Pagai Island Macaque, Macaca pagensis
- Siberut Macaque, Macaca siberu
- Moor Macaque, Macaca maura
- Booted Macaque, Macaca ochreata
- Tonkean Macaque, Macaca tonkeana
- Heck's Macaque, Macaca hecki
- Gorontalo Macaque, Macaca nigriscens
- Celebes Crested Macaque, Macaca nigra
M. fascicularis group
- Crab-eating Macaque, Macaca fascicularis
- Stump-tailed Macaque, Macaca arctoides
M. mulatta group
- Rhesus Macaque, Macaca mulatta
- Formosan Rock Macaque, Macaca cyclopis
- Japanese Macaque, Macaca fuscata
M. sinica group
- Toque Macaque, Macaca sinica
- Bonnet Macaque, Macaca radiata
- Assam Macaque, Macaca assamensis
- Tibetan Macaque, Macaca thibetana
- Arunachal Macaque, Macaca munzala

References

↑ Groves, C. (2005-11-16). Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds). ed.. Mammal Species of the World (3rd edition ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 161-165. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3.
↑ University of Toronto - News@UofT - Performing monkeys in Asia carry viruses that could jump species to humans (Dec 8/05)

External links

Extant species of family Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys) (subfamily Cercopithecinae)

Kingdom: Animalia · Phylum: Chordata · Class: Mammalia · Order: Primates · Suborder: Haplorrhini

Cercopithecini

Allenopithecus	Allen's Swamp Monkey (A. nigroviridis)

Miopithecus (Talapoins)	Angolan Talapoin (M. talapoin) · Gabon Talapoin (M. ogouensis)

Erythrocebus	Patas Monkey (E. patas)

Chlorocebus (Vervet monkeys)	Green Monkey (C. sabaeus) · Grivet (C. aethiops) · Bale Mountains Vervet (C. djamdjamensis) · Tantalus Monkey (C. tantalus) · Vervet Monkey (C. pygerythrus) · Malbrouck (C. cynosuros)

Cercopithecus (Guenons)	Dryas Monkey (C. dryas) · Diana Monkey (C. diana) · Roloway Monkey (C. roloway) · Greater Spot-nosed Monkey (C. nictitans) · Blue Monkey (C. mitis) · Silver Monkey (C. doggetti) · Golden Monkey (C. kandti) · Sykes' Monkey (C. albogularis) · Mona Monkey (C. mona) · Campbell's Mona Monkey (C. campbelli) · Lowe's Mona Monkey (C. lowei) · Crested Mona Monkey (C. pogonias) · Wolf's Mona Monkey (C. wolfi) · Dent's Mona Monkey (C. denti) · Lesser Spot-nosed Monkey (C. petaurista) · White-throated Guenon (C. erythrogaster) · Sclater's Guenon (C. sclateri) · Red-eared Guenon (C. erythrotis) · Moustached Guenon (C. cephus) · Red-tailed Monkey (C. ascanius) · L'Hoest's Monkey (C. lhoesti) · Preuss's Monkey (C. preussi) · Sun-tailed Monkey (C. solatus) · Hamlyn's Monkey (C. hamlyni) · De Brazza's Monkey (C. neglectus)

Papionini

Macaca (Macaques)	Barbary Macaque (M. sylvanus) · Lion-tailed Macaque (M. silenus) · Southern Pig-tailed Macaque (M. nemestrina) · Northern Pig-tailed Macaque (M. leonina) · Pagai Island Macaque (M. pagensis) · Siberut Macaque (M. siberu) · Moor Macaque (M. maura) · Booted Macaque (M. ochreata) · Tonkean Macaque (M. tonkeana) · Heck's Macaque (M. hecki) · Gorontalo Macaque (M. nigrescens) · Celebes Crested Macaque (M. nigra) · Crab-eating Macaque (M. fascicularis) · Stump-tailed Macaque (M. arctoides) · Rhesus Macaque (M. mulatta) · Formosan Rock Macaque (M. cyclopis) · Japanese Macaque (M. fuscata) · Toque Macaque (M. sinica) · Bonnet Macaque (M. radiata) · Assam Macaque (M. assamensis) · Tibetan Macaque (M. thibetana) · Arunachal Macaque (M. munzala)

Lophocebus (Crested mangabeys)	Grey-cheeked Mangabey (L. albigena) · Black Crested Mangabey (L. aterrimus) · Opdenbosch's Mangabey (L. opdenboschi) · Uganda Mangabey (L. ugandae) · Johnston's Mangabey (L. johnstoni) · Osman Hill's Mangabey (L. osmani)

Rungwecebus	Kipunji (R. kipunji)

Papio (Baboons)	Olive Baboon (P. anubis) · Yellow Baboon (P. cynocephalus) · Hamadryas Baboon (P. hamadryas) · Guinea Baboon (P. papio) · Chacma Baboon (P. ursinus)

Theropithecus	Gelada (T. gelada)

Cercocebus (White-eyelid mangabeys)	Sooty Mangabey (C. atys) · Collared Mangabey (C. torquatus) · Agile Mangabey (C. agilis) · Golden-bellied Mangabey (C. chrysogaster) · Tana River Mangabey (C. galeritus) · Sanje Mangabey (C. sanjei)

Mandrillus	Mandrill (M. sphinx) · Drill (M. leucophaeus)

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