Louisiana Superdome

Louisiana Superdome
The Dome, Superdome, New Orleans Superdome

Picture of Louisiana Superdome.jpg
Location 1500 Poydras Street
New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
Broke ground August 11, 1971
Opened August 3, 1975
Closed September 3, 2005 – September 24, 2006
Owner Louisiana Stadium/Expo District, Glenn Menard (Manager)
Operator SMG
Surface AstroTurf (1975-2003)
FieldTurf (2003-present)
Concrete for Multipurpose events
Construction cost $134 million (Initial)
$193 million (2005-06 repairs)
Architect Curtis and Davis
Capacity 72,968 seats Football
55,675 seats Basketball
63,525 seats Baseball
Tenants
New Orleans Saints (NFL) (1975-2004, 2006-present)
Sugar Bowl (NCAA) (1975-2005; 2007-present)
Tulane Green Wave (NCAA) (1975-2004; 2006-present)
New Orleans Jazz (NBA) (1975-1979)
New Orleans Pelicans (American Association) (1977)
New Orleans Breakers (USFL) (1984)
New Orleans Night (AFL) (1991-1992)
BCS National Championship Game (NCAA) (2000, 2004, 2008)
Super Bowl (NFL) (1978, 1981, 1986, 1990, 1997, 2002)
New Orleans Bowl (NCAA) (2001-2004, 2006-present)
NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament (1982, 1987, 1993, 2003))

The Louisiana Superdome, often informally referred to simply as the Superdome, The Dome or the New Orleans Superdome is a large, multi-purpose sports and exhibition facility located in the Central Business District of New Orleans, Louisiana. It was designed in 1967 by the New Orleans modernist architectural firm of Curtis and Davis, which also designed the main branch of the New Orleans Public Library (1956-58). The Superdome is home to the NFL's New Orleans Saints.

The Superdome is the largest fixed domed structure in the world, but it lost its title as the largest domed structure when the Georgia Dome in Atlanta was completed in 1992. (Both the Superdome and Georgia Dome were surpassed in size by London's Millennium Dome in 1999, which has since been renamed the O2 Arena.) Nonetheless, its structural steel frame covers a thirteen-acre expanse. Its 273-foot (83 m) tall dome is made of a Lamella multi-ringed frame and has a diameter of 680 feet (210 m).

In 2005, the Superdome came to international attention when it housed thousands of people seeking shelter from Hurricane Katrina.

Contents

Capacity

The Superdome has a listed football seating capacity of 72,003 (expanded) or 69,703 (not expanded), a maximum basketball seating capacity of 55,675, and a maximum baseball capacity of 63,525; however, published attendance figures from events such as the Sugar Bowl football game have exceeded 79,000. A 1980s Rolling Stones concert attracted more than 87,500 spectators.

Stadium history

The brainchild of local sports visionary David Dixon, (who decades later founded the USFL), the idea for the Superdome was born while Dixon was attempting to convince the NFL to award a franchise to New Orleans. After hosting several exhibition games at Tulane Stadium during typical New Orleans summer thunderstorms, Dixon was told by NFL Commissioner Pete Rozelle that the NFL would never expand into New Orleans without a domed stadium. Dixon then won the support of the governor of Louisiana, John J. McKeithen. When they toured the Astrodome in Houston, Texas in 1966, McKeithen was quoted as saying, "I want one of these, only bigger," in reference to the Astrodome itself. Bonds were passed for construction of the Superdome on November 8, 1966, seven days after commissioner Pete Rozelle awarded New Orleans the 25th professional football franchise. Blount International of Montgomery, Alabama was chosen to build the stadium.

It was hoped the stadium would be ready in time for the 1972 NFL season, and the final cost of the facility would come in at $46 million. Instead, due to political delays which are all too familiar in Louisiana, construction did not start until August 11, 1971 and was not finished until August 1975, seven months after Super Bowl IX was scheduled to be played in the stadium. Since the stadium was not finished in time for the Super Bowl, the game had to be moved to Tulane Stadium and was played in cold and rainy conditions. Factoring in inflation, construction delays, and the increase in transportation costs caused by the 1973 energy crisis, the final price tag of the stadium skyrockted to $165 million.

The New Orleans Saints opened the 1975 NFL season at the Superdome, losing 21-0 to the Cincinnati Bengals in the first regular season game in the facility. Tulane Stadium was condemned on the day the Superdome opened, although the original concrete sections stood on the Tulane University campus until November 1979.

The Superdome's look was the work of local architect, Nathaniel "Buster" Curtis of Curtis & Davis. The contractor was Huber, Hunt & Nichols.

The Superdome is located on 52 acres (210,437 m2) of land, including the former Girod Street Cemetery. The dome has an interior space of 125,000,000 cubic feet (3,500,000 m3), a height of 253 feet (77.1 m), a dome diameter of 680 feet (207.3 m), and a total floor area of 269,000 square feet (24,991 m2).

The New Orleans Arena, a smaller indoor arena adjacent to the Louisiana Superdome, opened on October 19, 1999. It was designed by Arthur Q. Davis, whose former firm had designed the Superdome.

The Superdome converted to a Fieldturf artificial grass surface during the 2003 football season, with the first game on FieldTurf played on November 16, 2003. The FieldTurf replaced the AstroPlay surface. After being damaged in flooding from Hurricane Katrina, a new FieldTurf surface was installed for the 2006 football season.

Effect of Hurricane Katrina

Main article: Effect of Hurricane Katrina on the Louisiana Superdome

The Superdome was used as a "shelter of last resort" for those in New Orleans unable to evacuate from Hurricane Katrina when it struck in late August 2005. A few days later the dome was closed until September 25, 2006. It housed about 30,000 people.

Reopening after Katrina

Contractors repair the roof to prepare for the reopening of the Superdome. (July 10, 2006)

The Superdome cost $193 million to repair and refurbish. To repair the Superdome, FEMA put up $115 million[1], the state spent $13 million, the Louisiana Stadium & Expedition District refinanced a bond package to secure $41 million and the NFL contributed $15 million.

On Super Bowl XL Sunday (February 5, 2006), the NFL announced that the Saints would play their home opener on September 24, 2006 in the Superdome against the Atlanta Falcons. The game was later moved to Monday night, September 25, 2006.

The dome reopened amid a wave of pomp and circumstance, including a free outdoor concert by the Goo Goo Dolls before fans were allowed in, a pregame performance by the rock bands U2 and Green Day performing a cover of The Skids' "The Saints Are Coming", and a coin toss conducted by former President George H. W. Bush. In front of ESPN's largest-ever audience (at that time), the Saints won the game 23–3 and went on to a successful season reaching the NFC Championship Game.

The first bowl game played in the Superdome after Katrina was the New Orleans Bowl won by the Troy University Trojans 41–17 over the Rice Owls.

Major events

Superdome at sunset prior to the 2005 Sugar Bowl

References

External links

Preceded by
Tulane Stadium
Giants Stadium, Tiger Stadium, and the Alamodome
Home of the
New Orleans Saints

1975 – 2004
2006 – present
Succeeded by
Giants Stadium, Tiger Stadium, and the Alamodome
current
Preceded by
Tulane Stadium
6 different stadiums in 2005
Home of the
Tulane Green Wave

1975 – 2004
2006 – present
Succeeded by
6 different stadiums in 2005
current
Preceded by
Tulane Stadium
Georgia Dome
Home of the
Sugar Bowl

1975 – 2005
2007 – present
Succeeded by
Georgia Dome
incumbent
Preceded by
first arena
Home of the
New Orleans Night

1991 – 1992
Succeeded by
last arena
Preceded by
Municipal Auditorium & Loyola Field House
Home of the
New Orleans Jazz

1975 – 1979
Succeeded by
Salt Palace
Preceded by
Miami Orange Bowl
Host of the
NFL Pro Bowl

1976
Succeeded by
The Kingdome
Preceded by
Rose Bowl
Rose Bowl
Stanford Stadium
Joe Robbie Stadium
Sun Devil Stadium
Raymond James Stadium
Host of the
Super Bowl

XII 1978
XV 1981
XX 1986
XXIV 1990
XXXI 1997
XXXVI 2002
Succeeded by
Orange Bowl
Pontiac Silverdome
Rose Bowl
Tampa Stadium
Qualcomm Stadium
Qualcomm Stadium
Preceded by
The Spectrum
Reunion Arena
H.H.H. Metrodome
Georgia Dome
Host of the
NCAA Men's Division I
Basketball Tournament
Finals

1982
1987
1993
2003
Succeeded by
The Pit
Kemper Arena
Charlotte Coliseum
Alamodome
Preceded by
University of Phoenix Stadium
Host of the
BCS National Championship Game

2008
Succeeded by
Dolphin Stadium
Preceded by
Reunion Arena
Host of the
Republican National Convention

1988
Succeeded by
Astrodome