List of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom

Gordon Brown was appointed Prime Minister in June 2007

The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom and the Head of Her Majesty's Government. The office holder is responsible for selecting all other members of the government, chairing Cabinet meetings and deciding when to call a new general election for the House of Commons.[1][2] The Prime Minister can also make appointments to senior positions in the Church of England, appoint judges and propose the creation of new life peers.[3]

There is no specific date when the office of Prime Minister first appeared, as the role was not created but evolved over a period of time.[4] However, modern historians generally apply the title of "First" Prime Minister to Sir Robert Walpole, who led the country for 21 years from 1721 to 1742.[5][6] As of 2008, Walpole is the longest serving Prime Minister of the country.[7]

Early Prime Ministers were appointed to a large extent on the whim of the reigning Monarch. Kings were able and often willing to overrule Parliament's attempts to remove a Prime Minister, as in the case of George III refusing to accept calls for the resignation of William Pitt "the Younger" after successive defeats in 1784 during the early months of his premiership.[8] Over time the strength of Parliament has waxed as the Monarch's has waned.[9] The only requirement of eligibility for a modern Prime Minister is to command a majority of the seats in the House of Commons, meaning that the Prime Minister is the leader of the largest party or largest coalition of parties within the House.[2] No Prime Minister of the United Kingdom has ever lost an election in their own constituency.

As of November 2008, the office is held by Gordon Brown, the current Leader of the Labour Party.[10]

Contents

Colour key
(for political parties)

     Whig      Tory      Conservative      Peelite/Whig      Liberal      Labour      National Labour

18th century Prime Ministers

The title "Prime Minister" was first used in the Kingdom of Great Britain as a term of abuse for Robert Harley, a leading politician during the reign of Queen Anne.[11] However, modern historians generally apply the title of "First" Prime Minister to Sir Robert Walpole who was appointed by King George I in 1721.[7]

  Portrait Name Entered office Left office Political party Other ministerial offices held while Prime Minister Monarchs served Birth Place Refs
Robertwalpole.jpg Sir Robert Walpole 4 April 1721 11 February 1742 Whig First Lord of the Treasury,
Chancellor of the Exchequer
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George I,
George II		 Houghton, Norfolk, England [12][7]
Earl of wilmington.png The Earl of Wilmington 16 February 1742 2 July 1743 Whig First Lord of the Treasury George II Compton Wynyates House, Warwickshire, England [13]
Henry Pelham.jpg Henry Pelham 27 August 1743 6 March 1754 Whig First Lord of the Treasury,
Chancellor of the Exchequer
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George II Laughton, East Sussex, England [14]
ThomasPelham-Holles.jpg The Duke of Newcastle
(1st ministry)		 16 March 1754 16 November 1756 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George II London, England [13]
William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire.JPG The Duke of Devonshire 16 November 1756 25 June 1757 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George II Britain [13]
ThomasPelham-Holles.jpg The Duke of Newcastle
(2nd ministry)		 2 July 1757 26 May 1762 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George II,
George III		 London, England [13]
JohnStuartBute.jpg The Earl of Bute 26 May 1762 8 April 1763 Tory First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George III Edinburgh, Scotland [15]
George Grenville.png George Grenville 16 April 1763 13 July 1765 Whig First Lord of the Treasury,
Chancellor of the Exchequer
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George III Westminster, London, England [16]
Charles-Wentworth.jpg The Marquess of Rockingham
(1st ministry)		 13 July 1765 30 July 1766 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George III Wentworth Woodhouse, South Yorkshire, England [17]
Elderpitt.jpg The Earl of Chatham, "William Pitt the Elder" 30 July 1766 14 October 1768 Whig Lord Privy Seal George III Westminster, London, England [18]
Grafton3.JPG The Duke of Grafton 14 October 1768 28 January 1770 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George III Britain [19]
Nathaniel Dance Lord North.jpg Lord North 28 January 1770 22 March 1782 Tory First Lord of the Treasury,
Chancellor of the Exchequer
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George III Piccadilly, London, England [20]
Charles-Wentworth.jpg The Marquess of Rockingham
(2nd ministry)		 27 March 1782 1 July 1782 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George III Wentworth Woodhouse, South Yorkshire, England [13]
Shelburne.jpg The Earl of Shelburne 4 July 1782 2 April 1783 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George III Dublin, Ireland [13]
W h cavendish-bentinck.jpg The Duke of Portland
(1st ministry)		 2 April 1783 19 December 1783 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George III Nottinghamshire, England [13]
Pitt the Younger.jpg William Pitt the Younger
(1st ministry)		 19 December 1783 14 March 1801 Tory First Lord of the Treasury,
Chancellor of the Exchequer
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George III Hayes, Kent, England [21]

19th century Prime Ministers

The 19th century began with the formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland following the Act of Union between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland. As the century progressed, the power of Parliament increased; the Great Reform Act of 1832 led to a doubling of the number of eligible voters. Against the increasing electoral mandate of Parliament, the ability of the Monarch to influence the decisions of the Prime Minister was much reduced.[9]

  Portrait Name Entered office Left office Political party Other ministerial offices held while Prime Minister Monarchs served Birth Place Refs
Henry Addington.jpg Henry Addington 17 March 1801 10 May 1804 Tory First Lord of the Treasury,
Chancellor of the Exchequer
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George III Holborn, London, England [13]
Pitt the Younger.jpg William Pitt the Younger
(2nd ministry)		 10 May 1804 23 January 1806 Tory First Lord of the Treasury,
Chancellor of the Exchequer
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George III Hayes, Kent, England [13]
Epmis05Wyndham.jpg The Lord Grenville 11 February 1806 31 March 1807 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George III Wotton House, Wotton Underwood, Buckinhamshire, England [13]
W h cavendish-bentinck.jpg The Duke of Portland
(2nd ministry)		 31 March 1807 4 October 1809 Tory First Lord of the Treasury George III Nottinghamshire, England [13]
Spencerperceval.jpg Spencer Perceval 4 October 1809 11 May 1812 Tory First Lord of the Treasury,
Chancellor of the Exchequer,
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George III Audley Square, London, England [22]
Earl jenkinson.jpg Lord Liverpool 8 June 1812 9 April 1827 Tory First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George III,
George IV		 London, England [23]
Canning.jpg George Canning 10 April 1827 8 August 1827 Tory First Lord of the Treasury,
Chancellor of the Exchequer
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George IV Queen Anne Street, Marylebone, London, England [13]
FrederickJohnRobinson.jpg The Viscount Goderich 31 August 1827 21 January 1828 Tory First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George IV London, England [13]
Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley KG CCB GCH CoR 1st Duke of Wellington.jpg The Duke of Wellington
(1st ministry)		 22 January 1828 16 November 1830 Tory First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 George IV,
William IV		 Ireland [13]
Charlesgrey2.jpg The Earl Grey 22 November 1830 9 July 1834 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 William IV Fallodon, Northumberland, England [24]
2nd V Melbourne.jpg The Viscount Melbourne
(1st ministry)		 16 July 1834 14 November 1834 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 William IV London, England [25]
Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley KG CCB GCH CoR 1st Duke of Wellington.jpg The Duke of Wellington
(2nd ministry)		 14 November 1834 10 December 1834 Tory First Lord of the Treasury,
Secretary of State for the Home Department,
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs,
Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
& Leader of the House of Lords		 William IV Ireland [26]
Robert Peel.jpg Sir Robert Peel
(1st ministry)		 10 December 1834 8 April 1835 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury,
Chancellor of the Exchequer
& Leader of the House of Commons		 William IV Bury, Lancashire, England [27][28]
2nd V Melbourne.jpg The Viscount Melbourne
(2nd ministry)		 18 April 1835 30 August 1841 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 William IV,
Victoria		 London, England [29]
Robert Peel.jpg Sir Robert Peel
(2nd ministry)		 30 August 1841 29 June 1846 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 Victoria Bury, Lancashire, England [30]
Lord john russell.jpg The Lord John Russell
(1st ministry)
(afterwards PM as Earl Russell)		 30 June 1846 21 February 1852 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 Victoria London, England [31]
14th Earl of Derby.jpg The Earl of Derby
(1st ministry)		 23 February 1852 17 December 1852 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 Victoria Knowsley Hall, Merseyside, Lancashire, England [32]
4th Earl of Aberdeen.jpg The Earl of Aberdeen 19 December 1852 30 January 1855 Peelite/Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 Victoria Edinburgh, Scotland [33]
Palmerston.jpg The Viscount Palmerston
(1st ministry)		 6 February 1855 19 February 1858 Whig First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 Victoria Westminster, London, England [34]
14th Earl of Derby.jpg The Earl of Derby
(2nd ministry)		 20 February 1858 11 June 1859 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 Victoria Knowsley Hall, Merseyside, Lancashire, England [35]
Palmerston.jpg The Viscount Palmerston
(2nd ministry)		 12 June 1859 18 October 1865 Liberal First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 Victoria Westminster, London, England [36]
Lord john russell.jpg The Earl Russell
(2nd ministry)
(previously PM as Lord John Russell)		 29 October 1865 26 June 1866 Liberal First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 Victoria London, England [37]
14th Earl of Derby.jpg The Earl of Derby
(3rd ministry)		 28 June 1866 25 February 1868 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Lords		 Victoria Knowsley Hall, Merseyside, Lancashire, England [38]
Disraeli.jpg Benjamin Disraeli
(1st ministry)		 27 February 1868 1 December 1868 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 Victoria London, England [39]
Gladstone.jpg William Ewart Gladstone
(1st ministry)		 3 December 1868 17 February 1874 Liberal First Lord of the Treasury,
Leader of the House of Commons
& Chancellor of the Exchequer (1873–1874)		 Victoria Liverpool, Merseyside, Lancashire, England [40]
Disraeli.jpg Benjamin Disraeli
(2nd ministry)
(from 1876 as Earl of Beaconsfield)		 20 February 1874 21 April 1880 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury,
Leader of the House of Commons (1874–1876),
Lord Privy Seal (1876–1878)
& Leader of the House of Lords (1876–1880)		 Victoria London, England [41]
Gladstone.jpg William Ewart Gladstone
(2nd ministry)		 23 April 1880 9 June 1885 Liberal First Lord of the Treasury,
Leader of the House of Commons
& Chancellor of the Exchequer (1880–1882)		 Victoria Liverpool, Merseyside, Lancashire, England [42]
3rd Marquess of Salisbury.jpg The Marquess of Salisbury
(1st ministry)		 23 June 1885 28 January 1886 Conservative Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
& Leader of the House of Lords		 Victoria Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England [43]
Gladstone.jpg William Ewart Gladstone
(3rd ministry)		 1 February 1886 20 July 1886 Liberal First Lord of the Treasury,
Lord Privy Seal
& Leader of the House of Commons		 Victoria Liverpool, Merseyside, Lancashire, England [44]
3rd Marquess of Salisbury.jpg The Marquess of Salisbury
(2nd ministry)		 25 July 1886 11 August 1892 Conservative Leader of the House of Lords,
First Lord of the Treasury (1886–1887)
& Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1887–1892)		 Victoria Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England [45]
Gladstone.jpg William Ewart Gladstone
(4th ministry)		 15 August 1892 2 March 1894 Liberal First Lord of the Treasury,
Lord Privy Seal
& Leader of the House of Commons		 Victoria Liverpool, Merseyside, Lancashire, England [46]
RoseberyMillais.gif The Earl of Rosebery 5 March 1894 22 June 1895 Liberal First Lord of the Treasury,
Lord President of the Council
& Leader of the House of Lords		 Victoria Berkeley Square, London, England [47]
3rd Marquess of Salisbury.jpg The Marquess of Salisbury
(3rd ministry)		 25 June 1895 11 July 1902 Conservative Leader of the House of Lords,
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1895–1900)
& Lord Privy Seal (1900–1902)		 Victoria,
Edward VII		 Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England [48]

20th century Prime Ministers

Though the head of the government had been referred to as "Prime Minister" since the 18th century, it wasn't until 1917 that the title was first recognised in legislation.[49] The Chequers Estate Act, passed on 20 December 1917, designated Chequers as the "official country residence of the British Prime Minister".[50]

The jurisdiction of the Parliament of the United Kingdom changed in 1922 when, following the Anglo-Irish War, 26 counties in Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom, forming the Irish Free State.[51] The other six counties, in the northeast region of Ireland, remained in the Union, becoming Northern Ireland.[51] The official name of the United Kingdom became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in 1927.[52]

  Portrait Name Entered office Left office Political party Other ministerial offices held while Prime Minister Monarchs served Birth Place Refs
Arthur Balfour, photo portrait facing left.jpg Arthur Balfour 11 July 1902 5 December 1905 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 Edward VII Whittingehame, East Lothian, Scotland [13]
Henry Campbell-Bannerman photo.jpg Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman 5 December 1905 7 April 1908 Liberal First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 Edward VII Kelvinside, Glasgow, Scotland [13]
Herbert Henry Asquith.jpg H. H. Asquith 7 April 1908 7 December 1916 Liberal First Lord of the Treasury,
Leader of the House of Commons
& Secretary of State for War (1914)		 Edward VII,
George V		 Morley, Leeds, Yorkshire, England [13]
David Lloyd George.jpg David Lloyd George 7 December 1916 19 October 1922 Liberal First Lord of the Treasury George V Manchester, England [53]
Andrew Bonar Law 02.jpg Andrew Bonar Law 23 October 1922 20 May 1923 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George V Rexton, Kent County, New Brunswick, Canada [54]
Stanley Baldwin ggbain.35233.jpg Stanley Baldwin
(1st ministry)		 23 May 1923 16 January 1924 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury,
Leader of the House of Commons
& Chancellor of the Exchequer (1923)		 George V Bewdley, Worcestershire, England [55]
Ramsay MacDonald ggbain.29588.jpg Ramsay MacDonald
(1st ministry)		 22 January 1924 4 November 1924 Labour First Lord of the Treasury,
Leader of the House of Commons
& Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs		 George V Lossiemouth, Moray, Scotland [56]
Stanley Baldwin ggbain.35233.jpg Stanley Baldwin
(2nd ministry)		 4 November 1924 5 June 1929 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George V Bewdley, Worcestershire, England [57]
Ramsay MacDonald ggbain.29588.jpg Ramsay MacDonald
(2nd ministry)		 5 June 1929 24 August 1931 Labour First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George V Lossiemouth, Moray, Scotland [58]
Ramsay MacDonald ggbain.29588.jpg Ramsay MacDonald
(3rd ministry)		 24 August 1931 7 June 1935 National Labour (National Government) First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George V Lossiemouth, Moray, Scotland [59]
Stanley Baldwin ggbain.35233.jpg Stanley Baldwin
(3rd ministry)		 7 June 1935 28 May 1937 Conservative (National Government) First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George V,
Edward VIII,
George VI		 Bewdley, Worcestershire, England [60]
Arthur-Neville-Chamberlain.jpg Neville Chamberlain 28 May 1937 10 May 1940 Conservative (National Government) First Lord of the Treasury
& Leader of the House of Commons		 George VI Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, England [13]
Churchill HU 90973.jpg Winston Churchill
(1st ministry)		 10 May 1940 23 May 1945 Conservative (Coalition) First Lord of the Treasury,
Minister of Defence
& Leader of the House of Commons (1940–1942)		 George VI Blenheim Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England [61]
Churchill HU 90973.jpg Winston Churchill
(2nd ministry)		 23 May 1945 26 July 1945 Conservative (Caretaker) First Lord of the Treasury
& Minister of Defence		 George VI Blenheim Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England [62]
Attlee BW cropped.jpg Clement Attlee 26 July 1945 26 October 1951 Labour First Lord of the Treasury
& Minister of Defence (1945–1946)		 George VI Putney, London, England [63]
Churchill HU 90973.jpg Winston Churchill
(3rd ministry)		 26 October 1951 7 April 1955 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury
& Minister of Defence (1951–1952)		 George VI,
Elizabeth II		 Blenheim Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England [64]
AREden.jpg Anthony Eden 7 April 1955 10 January 1957 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury Elizabeth II West Auckland, County Durham, England [65]
Macmillan cph.3b40592.jpg Harold Macmillan 10 January 1957 19 October 1963 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury Elizabeth II Chelsea, London, England [66]
Alec Douglas-Home 19 October 1963 16 October 1964 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury Elizabeth II Mayfair, London, England [67]
Dodwilson.JPG Harold Wilson
(1st ministry)		 16 October 1964 19 June 1970 Labour First Lord of the Treasury Elizabeth II Huddersfield, Kirklees, West Yorkshire, England [68]
Heathdod.JPG Edward Heath 19 June 1970 4 March 1974 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury Elizabeth II Broadstairs, Kent, United Kingdom [69]
Dodwilson.JPG Harold Wilson
(2nd ministry)		 4 March 1974 5 April 1976 Labour First Lord of the Treasury Elizabeth II Huddersfield, Kirklees, West Yorkshire, England [70]
James Callaghan.JPG James Callaghan 5 April 1976 4 May 1979 Labour First Lord of the Treasury
& Minister for the Civil Service		 Elizabeth II Portsmouth, Hampshire, England [71][72]
Margaret Thatcher cropped2.png Margaret Thatcher 4 May 1979 28 November 1990 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury
& Minister for the Civil Service		 Elizabeth II Grantham, Lincolnshire, England [73][74]
John Major 1996.jpg John Major 28 November 1990 2 May 1997 Conservative First Lord of the Treasury
& Minister for the Civil Service		 Elizabeth II Carshalton, Surrey, England [75][76]
Tony Blair WEF 2008 cropped.jpg Tony Blair 2 May 1997 27 June 2007 Labour First Lord of the Treasury
& Minister for the Civil Service		 Elizabeth II Edinburgh, Scotland [77][78]

21st century Prime Ministers

  Portrait Name Entered office Left office Political party Other ministerial offices held while Prime Minister Monarchs served Birth Place Refs
Gordon Brown Davos Jan 08.jpg Gordon Brown 27 June 2007 Incumbent Labour First Lord of the Treasury
& Minister for the Civil Service		 Elizabeth II Govan, Glasgow, Scotland [79]

See also

Timelines

References

  1. ↑ "Government and Opposition roles". Parliament of the United Kingdom. Retrieved on 2008-10-25.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Prime minister", BBC News, British Broadcasting Corporation (16 October 2008). Retrieved on 2008-10-25. 
  3. ↑ "Glossary - Parliamentary Jargon Explained; Prime Minister". Parliament of the United Kingdom. Retrieved on 2008-10-25.
  4. ↑ Hennessy (2001), pp. 39–40
  5. ↑ Clarke (1993), p. 266
  6. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 39
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Parties and Prime Ministers", BBC News, British Broadcasting Corporation (19 May 1998). Retrieved on 2008-10-12. 
  8. ↑ Clarke (1993), p. 281
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Hennessy (2001), p. 41
  10. ↑ "Her Majesty's Government". Parliament of the United Kingdom (2008-10-27). Retrieved on 2008-11-02.
  11. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 39
  12. ↑ Clarke (1993), p. 266
  13. ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 13.17 "PMs through history", Telegraph.co.uk, Telegraph Media Group (21 September 2007). Retrieved on 2008-10-16. 
  14. ↑ "Leaders of the House; Henry Pelham". Office and Ministers. Office of the Leader of the House of Commons. Retrieved on 2008-10-16.
  15. ↑ Thomas (2002), pp. 66–94
  16. ↑ Thomas (2002), pp. 95–124
  17. ↑ Thomas (2002), pp. 125–147
  18. ↑ Thomas (2002), pp. 148–196
  19. ↑ Thomas (2002), pp. 197–218
  20. ↑ Clarke (1993), pp. 278–279
  21. ↑ Clarke (1993), p. 281
  22. ↑ Priestley (2002), p. 62
  23. ↑ Priestley (2002), p. 65
  24. ↑ Clarke (1993), pp. 293–294
  25. ↑ Black (2006), p. 180
  26. ↑ Anderson (1856), pp. 442–443
  27. ↑ Black (2006), pp. 180–181
  28. ↑ Clarke (1993), p. 294
  29. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 63
  30. ↑ Longford (1998), pp. 156–157
  31. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 187
  32. ↑ Longford (1998), pp. 228–231
  33. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 232
  34. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 246
  35. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 281
  36. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 282
  37. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 346
  38. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 351
  39. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 353
  40. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 357
  41. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 396
  42. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 433
  43. ↑ Hunt, William; Poole, Reginald Lane (1907). The Political History of England. Longmans, Green and co.. p. 505. 
  44. ↑ Longford (1998), p. 484
  45. ↑ Longford (1998), pp. 492–493
  46. ↑ Longford (1998), pp. 518–519
  47. ↑ Longford (1998), pp. 527–528
  48. ↑ Longford (1998), pp. 533–534
  49. ↑ Rozenberg, Joshua (3 June 1998). "UK Politics: Talking Politics - Conventions of the constitution", BBC News, British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved on 2008-11-02. 
  50. ↑ "Chequers Estate Act 1917". UK Statute Law Database. Ministry of Justice (20 December 1917). Retrieved on 2008-11-02.
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 "1921-22: The Irish Free State and civil war", BBC News, British Broadcasting Corporation (18 March 1999). Retrieved on 2008-11-02. 
  52. ↑ "Royal And Parliamentary Titles Act 1927". Office of Public Sector Information (12 April 1927). Retrieved on 2008-11-02.
  53. ↑ Rose (1983), pp. 196–198
  54. ↑ Rose (1983), p. 265
  55. ↑ Rose (1983), p. 272
  56. ↑ Rose (1983), p. 326
  57. ↑ Rose (1983), p. 337
  58. ↑ Rose (1983), p. 361
  59. ↑ Rose (1983), pp. 373–374
  60. ↑ Rose (1983), p. 398
  61. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 179
  62. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 158
  63. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 147
  64. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 178
  65. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 207
  66. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 248
  67. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 272
  68. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 286
  69. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 331
  70. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 357
  71. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 376
  72. ↑ "Lord Callaghan of Cardiff", The Times, Times Newspapers Ltd (28 March 2005). Retrieved on 2008-10-13. 
  73. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 397
  74. ↑ Ballantyne, Aileen (5 May 1979). "Crowd's long cold wait for lady of the hour", The Guardian, Guardian and Manchester Evening News Ltd. Retrieved on 2008-10-13. 
  75. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 437
  76. ↑ "'John Major? Who's he?' asks Thatcher", The Independent, Newspaper Publishing PLC (6 August 1995). Retrieved on 2008-10-13. 
  77. ↑ Hennessy (2001), p. 476
  78. ↑ "The Blair Years: 1997-2007", Telegraph.co.uk, Telegraph Media Group (28 June 2007). Retrieved on 2008-10-13. 
  79. ↑ Summers, Deborah; Mulholland , Hélène (27 June 2007). "Brown declared prime minister". guardian.co.uk. Guardian News & Media. Retrieved on 2008-10-12.

Bibliography

External links