This is a list of past and present justices of the Supreme Court of the United States. Both Associate Justices and Chief Justices are nominated by the President of the United States and confirmed by the United States Senate.
Contents |
The following table lists the terms of all Supreme Court justices since 1789 placed in the order in which the justices took the judicial oath of office and thereby started their term of office. Two Justices, Robert H. Harrison and Edwin Stanton, were appointed to the court but never served and therefore are not listed. Robert H. Harrison was one of the original justices appointed to the court by George Washington, but declined to serve. Edwin Stanton was appointed by Ulysses S. Grant, but died before taking office, taking the oath on his death bed.
# | Judge | State | Born/Died | Active service | Term as Chief Justice | Retirement | Appointed by | Reason for termination |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | James Wilson | PA | September 14, 1742– August 21, 1798 |
October 5, 1789– August 21, 1798 |
(none) | (none) | Washington | death |
2 | John Jay | NY | December 12, 1745– May 17, 1829 |
October 19, 1789– June 29, 1795 |
October 19, 1789– June 29, 1795 |
(none) | Washington | resignation |
3 | William Cushing | MA | March 1, 1732– September 13, 1810 |
February 2, 1790– September 13, 1810 |
(none) | (none) | Washington | death |
4 | John Blair | VA | 1732– August 31, 1800 |
February 2, 1790– October 25, 1795 |
(none) | (none) | Washington | resignation |
5 | John Rutledge | SC | September 18, 1739– June 21, 1800 |
February 15, 1790– March 5, 1791 |
(none) | (none) | Washington | resignation |
6 | James Iredell | NC | October 5, 1751– October 20, 1799 |
May 12, 1790– October 20, 1799 |
(none) | (none) | Washington | death |
7 | Thomas Johnson * | MD | November 4, 1732– October 26, 1819 |
August 6, 1792– January 16, 1793 |
(none) | (none) | Washington | resignation |
8 | William Paterson | NJ | December 24, 1745– September 9, 1806 |
March 11, 1793– September 9, 1806 |
(none) | (none) | Washington | death |
5 | John Rutledge * | SC | September 18, 1739– June 21, 1800 |
July 1, 1795– December 15, 1795 |
July 1, 1795– December 15, 1795 |
(none) | Washington | rejection of recess appointment by Senate |
9 | Samuel Chase | MD | April 17, 1741– June 19, 1811 |
February 4, 1796– June 19, 1811 |
(none) | (none) | Washington | death |
10 | Oliver Ellsworth | CT | April 29, 1745– November 26, 1807 |
March 8, 1796– December 15, 1800 |
March 8, 1796– December 15, 1800 |
(none) | Washington | resignation |
11 | Bushrod Washington | VA | June 5, 1762– November 26, 1829 |
February 4, 1799– November 26, 1829 |
(none) | (none) | J. Adams | death |
12 | Alfred Moore | NC | May 21, 1755– October 15, 1810 |
April 21, 1800– January 26, 1804 |
(none) | (none) | J. Adams | resignation |
13 | John Marshall | VA | September 24, 1755– July 6, 1835 |
February 4, 1801– July 6, 1835 |
February 4, 1801– July 6, 1835 |
(none) | J. Adams | death |
14 | William Johnson | SC | December 27, 1771– August 4, 1834 |
May 7, 1804– August 4, 1834 |
(none) | (none) | Jefferson | death |
15 | Henry Brockholst Livingston | NY | November 25, 1757– March 18, 1823 |
January 20, 1807– March 18, 1823 |
(none) | (none) | Jefferson | death |
16 | Thomas Todd | KY | January 23, 1765– February 7, 1826 |
May 4, 1807– February 7, 1826 |
(none) | (none) | Jefferson | death |
17 | Gabriel Duvall | MD | December 6, 1752– March 6, 1844 |
November 23, 1811– January 14, 1835 |
(none) | (none) | Madison | resignation |
18 | Joseph Story | MA | September 18, 1779– September 10, 1845 |
February 3, 1812– September 10, 1845 |
(none) | (none) | Madison | death |
19 | Smith Thompson * | NY | January 17, 1768– December 18, 1843 |
September 1, 1823– December 18, 1843 |
(none) | (none) | Monroe | death |
20 | Robert Trimble | KY | November 17, 1776– August 25, 1828 |
June 16, 1826– August 25, 1828 |
(none) | (none) | J. Q. Adams | death |
21 | John McLean | OH | March 11, 1785– April 4, 1861 |
January 11, 1830– April 4, 1861 |
(none) | (none) | Jackson | death |
22 | Henry Baldwin | PA | January 14, 1780– April 21, 1844 |
January 18, 1830– April 21, 1844 |
(none) | (none) | Jackson | death |
23 | James Moore Wayne | GA | 1790– July 5, 1867 |
January 14, 1835– July 5, 1867 |
(none) | (none) | Jackson | death |
24 | Roger Brooke Taney | MD | March 17, 1777– October 12, 1864 |
March 28, 1836– October 12, 1864 |
March 28, 1836– October 12, 1864 |
(none) | Jackson | death |
25 | Philip Pendleton Barbour | VA | May 25, 1783– February 25, 1841 |
May 12, 1836– February 25, 1841 |
(none) | (none) | Jackson | death |
26 | John Catron | TN | 1786– May 30, 1865 |
May 1, 1837– May 30, 1865 |
(none) | (none) | Van Buren | death |
27 | John McKinley | AL | May 1, 1780– July 19, 1852 |
January 9, 1838– July 19, 1852 |
(none) | (none) | Van Buren | death |
28 | Peter Vivian Daniel | VA | April 24, 1784– May 31, 1860 |
January 10, 1842– May 31, 1860 |
(none) | (none) | Van Buren | death |
29 | Samuel Nelson | NY | November 10, 1792– December 13, 1873 |
February 27, 1845– November 28, 1872 |
(none) | (none) | Tyler | retirement |
30 | Levi Woodbury * | NH | December 22, 1789– September 4, 1851 |
September 23, 1845– September 4, 1851 |
(none) | (none) | Polk | death |
31 | Robert Cooper Grier | PA | March 5, 1794– September 25, 1870 |
August 10, 1846– January 31, 1870 |
(none) | (none) | Polk | retirement |
32 | Benjamin Robbins Curtis * | MA | November 4, 1809– September 15, 1874 |
October 10, 1851– September 30, 1857 |
(none) | (none) | Fillmore | resignation |
33 | John Archibald Campbell | AL | June 24, 1811– March 12, 1889 |
April 11, 1853– April 30, 1861 |
(none) | (none) | Pierce | resignation |
34 | Nathan Clifford | ME | August 18, 1803– July 25, 1881 |
January 21, 1858– July 25, 1881 |
(none) | (none) | Buchanan | death |
35 | Noah Haynes Swayne | OH | December 7, 1804– June 8, 1884 |
January 27, 1862– January 24, 1881 |
(none) | (none) | Lincoln | retirement |
36 | Samuel Freeman Miller | IA | April 5, 1816– October 13, 1890 |
July 21, 1862– October 13, 1890 |
(none) | (none) | Lincoln | death |
37 | David Davis | IL | March 9, 1815– June 26, 1886 |
December 10, 1862– March 4, 1877 |
(none) | (none) | Lincoln | resignation |
38 | Stephen Johnson Field | CA | November 4, 1816– April 9, 1899 |
May 20, 1863– December 1, 1897 |
(none) | (none) | Lincoln | retirement |
39 | Salmon Portland Chase | OH | January 13, 1808– May 7, 1873 |
December 15, 1864– May 7, 1873 |
December 15, 1864– May 7, 1873 |
(none) | Lincoln | death |
40 | William Strong | PA | May 6, 1808– August 19, 1895 |
March 14, 1870– December 14, 1880 |
(none) | (none) | Grant | retirement |
41 | Joseph P. Bradley | NJ | March 14, 1813– January 22, 1892 |
March 23, 1870– January 22, 1892 |
(none) | (none) | Grant | death |
42 | Ward Hunt | NY | June 14, 1810– March 24, 1886 |
January 9, 1873– January 27, 1882 |
(none) | (none) | Grant | retirement |
43 | Morrison Remick Waite | OH | November 29, 1816– March 23, 1888 |
March 4, 1874– March 23, 1888 |
March 4, 1874– March 23, 1888 |
(none) | Grant | death |
44 | John Marshall Harlan | KY | June 1, 1833– October 14, 1911 |
December 10, 1877– October 14, 1911 |
(none) | (none) | Hayes | death |
45 | William Burnham Woods | GA | August 3, 1824– May 14, 1887 |
January 5, 1881– May 14, 1887 |
(none) | (none) | Hayes | death |
46 | Stanley Matthews | OH | July 21, 1824– March 22, 1889 |
May 17, 1881– March 22, 1889 |
(none) | (none) | Garfield | death |
47 | Horace Gray | MA | March 24, 1828– September 15, 1902 |
January 9, 1882– September 15, 1902 |
(none) | (none) | Arthur | death |
48 | Samuel Blatchford | NY | March 9, 1820– July 7, 1893 |
April 3, 1882– July 7, 1893 |
(none) | (none) | Arthur | death |
49 | Cincinnatus Lamar |
Lucius QuintusMS | September 17, 1825– January 23, 1893 |
January 18, 1888– January 23, 1893 |
(none) | (none) | Cleveland | death |
50 | Melville Weston Fuller | IL | February 11, 1833– July 4, 1910 |
October 8, 1888– July 4, 1910 |
October 8, 1888– July 4, 1910 |
(none) | Cleveland | death |
51 | David Josiah Brewer | KS | June 20, 1837– March 28, 1910 |
January 6, 1890– March 28, 1910 |
(none) | (none) | B. Harrison | death |
52 | Henry Billings Brown | MI | March 2, 1836– September 4, 1913 |
January 5, 1891– May 28, 1906 |
(none) | (none) | B. Harrison | retirement |
53 | George Shiras, Jr. | PA | January 26, 1832– August 2, 1924 |
October 10, 1892– February 23, 1903 |
(none) | (none) | B. Harrison | retirement |
54 | Howell Edmunds Jackson | TN | April 8, 1832– August 8, 1895 |
March 4, 1893– August 8, 1895 |
(none) | (none) | B. Harrison | death |
55 | Edward Douglass White | LA | November 3, 1845– May 19, 1921 |
March 12, 1894– May 19, 1921 |
December 19, 1910– May 19, 1921 |
(none) | Cleveland (associate) Taft (chief)[1] |
death |
56 | Rufus Wheeler Peckham | NY | November 8, 1838– October 24, 1909 |
January 6, 1896– October 24, 1909 |
(none) | (none) | Cleveland | death |
57 | Joseph McKenna | CA | August 10, 1843– November 21, 1926 |
January 26, 1898– January 5, 1925 |
(none)[2] | (none) | McKinley | retirement |
58 | Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. | MA | March 8, 1841– March 6, 1935 |
December 8, 1902– January 12, 1932 |
(none)[3] | (none) | T. Roosevelt | retirement |
59 | William Rufus Day | OH | April 7, 1849– July 9, 1923 |
March 2, 1903– November 13, 1922 |
(none) | (none) | T. Roosevelt | retirement |
60 | William Henry Moody | MA | December 23, 1853– July 2, 1917 |
December 17, 1906– November 20, 1910 |
(none) | (none) | T. Roosevelt | retirement[4] |
61 | Horace Harmon Lurton | TN | February 26, 1844– July 12, 1914 |
January 3, 1910– July 12, 1914 |
(none) | (none) | Taft | death |
62 | Charles Evans Hughes | NY | April 11, 1862– August 27, 1948 |
October 10, 1910– June 10, 1916 |
(none) | (none) | Taft | resignation |
63 | Willis Van Devanter | WY | April 17, 1859– February 8, 1941 |
January 3, 1911– June 2, 1937 |
(none) | June 2, 1937– February 8, 1941 |
Taft | resignation |
64 | Joseph Rucker Lamar | GA | October 14, 1857– January 2, 1916 |
January 3, 1911– January 2, 1916 |
(none) | (none) | Taft | death |
65 | Mahlon Pitney | NJ | February 5, 1858– December 9, 1924 |
March 18, 1912– December 31, 1922 |
(none) | (none) | Taft | resignation |
66 | James Clark McReynolds | TN | February 3, 1862– August 24, 1946 |
October 12, 1914– January 31, 1941 |
(none) | January 31, 1941– August 24, 1946 |
Wilson | death[5] |
67 | Louis Dembitz Brandeis | MA | November 13, 1856– October 5, 1941 |
June 5, 1916– February 13, 1939 |
(none) | February 13, 1939– October 5, 1941 |
Wilson | death[5] |
68 | John Hessin Clarke | OH | September 18, 1857– March 22, 1945 |
October 9, 1916– September 18, 1922 |
(none) | (none) | Wilson | resignation |
69 | William Howard Taft | CT | September 15, 1857– March 8, 1930 |
July 11, 1921– February 3, 1930 |
July 11, 1921– February 3, 1930 |
(none) | Harding | resignation due to illness[6] |
70 | George Sutherland | UT | March 25, 1862– July 18, 1942 |
October 2, 1922– January 17, 1938 |
(none) | January 17, 1938– July 18, 1942 |
Harding | death[5] |
71 | Pierce Butler | MN | March 17, 1866– November 16, 1939 |
January 2, 1923– November 16, 1939 |
(none) | (none) | Harding | death |
72 | Edward Terry Sanford | TN | July 23, 1865– March 8, 1930 |
February 19, 1923– March 8, 1930 |
(none) | (none) | Harding | death |
73 | Harlan Fiske Stone | NY | October 11, 1872– April 22, 1946 |
March 2, 1925– April 22, 1946 |
July 3, 1941– April 22, 1946[7] |
(none) | Coolidge (associate) F. Roosevelt (chief)[1] |
death |
62 | Charles Evans Hughes | NY | April 11, 1862– August 27, 1948 |
February 24, 1930– June 30, 1941 |
February 24, 1930– June 30, 1941 |
(none) | Hoover | retirement |
74 | Owen Josephus Roberts | PA | May 2, 1875– May 17, 1955 |
June 2, 1930– July 31, 1945 |
(none) | (none) | Hoover | resignation |
75 | Benjamin Nathan Cardozo | NY | May 24, 1870– July 9, 1938 |
March 14, 1932– July 9, 1938 |
(none) | (none) | Hoover | death |
76 | Hugo Lafayette Black | AL | February 27, 1886– September 25, 1971 |
August 19, 1937– September 17, 1971 |
(none)[8][9] | September 17, 1971– September 25, 1971 |
F. Roosevelt | death[5] |
77 | Stanley Forman Reed | KY | December 31, 1884– April 2, 1980 |
January 31, 1938– February 25, 1957 |
(none) | February 25, 1957– April 2, 1980 |
F. Roosevelt | retirement[5] |
78 | Felix Frankfurter | MA | November 15, 1882– February 22, 1965 |
January 30, 1939– August 28, 1962 |
(none) | August 28, 1962– February 22, 1965 |
F. Roosevelt | retirement[5] |
79 | William Orville Douglas | CT | October 16, 1898– January 19, 1980 |
April 17, 1939– November 12, 1975 |
(none) | November 12, 1975– January 19, 1980 |
F. Roosevelt | retirement[5] |
80 | Frank Murphy | MI | April 13, 1890– July 19, 1949 |
February 5, 1940– July 19, 1949 |
(none) | (none) | F. Roosevelt | death |
81 | James Francis Byrnes | SC | May 2, 1879– April 9, 1972 |
July 8, 1941– October 3, 1942 |
(none) | (none) | F. Roosevelt | resignation |
82 | Robert Houghwout Jackson | NY | February 13, 1892– October 9, 1954 |
July 11, 1941– October 9, 1954 |
(none) | (none) | F. Roosevelt | death |
83 | Wiley Blount Rutledge | IA | July 20, 1894– September 10, 1949 |
February 15, 1943– September 10, 1949 |
(none) | (none) | F. Roosevelt | death |
84 | Harold Hitz Burton | OH | June 22, 1888– October 28, 1964 |
October 1, 1945– October 13, 1958 |
(none) | October 13, 1958– October 28, 1964 |
Truman | retirement[5] |
85 | Frederick Moore Vinson | KY | January 22, 1890– September 8, 1953 |
June 24, 1946– September 8, 1953 |
June 24, 1946– September 8, 1953 |
(none) | Truman | death |
86 | Tom Campbell Clark | TX | September 23, 1899– June 13, 1977 |
August 24, 1949– June 12, 1967 |
(none) | June 12, 1967– June 13, 1977 |
Truman | retirement[5] |
87 | Sherman Minton | IN | October 20, 1890– April 9, 1965 |
October 12, 1949– October 15, 1956 |
(none) | October 15, 1956– April 9, 1965 |
Truman | retirement[5] |
88 | Earl Warren * | CA | March 19, 1891– July 9, 1974 |
October 5, 1953– June 23, 1969 |
October 5, 1953– June 23, 1969 |
June 23, 1969– July 9, 1974 |
Eisenhower | retirement[5] |
89 | John Marshall Harlan II | NY | May 20, 1899– December 29, 1971 |
March 28, 1955– September 23, 1971 |
(none) | September 23, 1971– December 29, 1971 |
Eisenhower | retirement[5] |
90 | William Joseph Brennan, Jr. * | NJ | April 25, 1906– July 24, 1997 |
October 16, 1956– July 20, 1990 |
(none) | July 20, 1990– July 24, 1997 |
Eisenhower | retirement[5] |
91 | Charles Evans Whittaker | MO | February 22, 1901– November 26, 1973 |
March 25, 1957– March 31, 1962 |
(none) | March 31, 1962– September 30, 1965 |
Eisenhower | resignation |
92 | Potter Stewart * | OH | January 23, 1915– December 7, 1985 |
October 14, 1958– July 3, 1981 |
(none) | July 3, 1981– December 7, 1985 |
Eisenhower | retirement |
93 | Byron Raymond White | CO | June 8, 1917– April 15, 2002 |
April 16, 1962– June 28, 1993 |
(none) | June 28, 1993– April 15, 2002 |
Kennedy | retirement[5] |
94 | Arthur Joseph Goldberg | IL | August 8, 1908– January 19, 1990 |
October 1, 1962– July 25, 1965 |
(none) | (none) | Kennedy | resignation |
95 | Abe Fortas | TN | June 19, 1910– April 5, 1982 |
October 4, 1965– May 14, 1969 |
(none) | (none) | L. Johnson | resignation |
96 | Thurgood Marshall | NY | July 2, 1908– January 24, 1993 |
October 2, 1967– October 1, 1991 |
(none) | October 1, 1991– January 24, 1993 |
L. Johnson | retirement[5] |
97 | Warren Earl Burger | VA | September 17, 1907– June 25, 1995 |
June 23, 1969– September 26, 1986 |
June 23, 1969– September 26, 1986 |
September 26, 1986– June 25, 1995 |
Nixon | retirement[5] |
98 | Harry Andrew Blackmun | MN | November 12, 1908– March 4, 1999 |
June 9, 1970– August 3, 1994 |
(none) | August 3, 1994– March 4, 1999 |
Nixon | retirement[5] |
99 | Lewis Franklin Powell, Jr. | VA | September 19, 1907– August 25, 1998 |
January 7, 1972– June 26, 1987 |
(none) | June 26, 1987– August 25, 1998 |
Nixon | retirement[5] |
100 | William Hubbs Rehnquist | AZ/VA[10] | October 1, 1924– September 3, 2005 |
January 7, 1972– September 3, 2005 |
September 26, 1986– September 3, 2005 |
(none) | Nixon (associate) Reagan (chief)[1] |
death |
101 | John Paul Stevens | IL | April 20, 1920– present |
December 19, 1975– present |
—[11] | — | Ford | — |
102 | Sandra Day O'Connor | AZ | March 26, 1930– present |
September 25, 1981– January 31, 2006 |
(none) | January 31, 2006– present |
Reagan | retirement |
103 | Antonin Gregory Scalia | VA | March 11, 1936– present |
September 26, 1986– present |
— | — | Reagan | — |
104 | Anthony McLeod Kennedy | CA | July 23, 1936– present |
February 18, 1988– present |
— | — | Reagan | — |
105 | David Hackett Souter | NH | September 17, 1939– present |
October 9, 1990– present |
— | — | G. H. W. Bush | — |
106 | Clarence Thomas | GA | June 23, 1948– present |
October 23, 1991– present |
— | — | G. H. W. Bush | — |
107 | Ruth Bader Ginsburg | NY | March 15, 1933– present |
August 10, 1993– present |
— | — | Clinton | — |
108 | Stephen Gerald Breyer | MA | August 15, 1938– present |
August 3, 1994– present |
— | — | Clinton | — |
109 | John Glover Roberts, Jr. | MD | January 27, 1955– present |
September 29, 2005– present |
September 29, 2005– present |
— | G. W. Bush | — |
110 | Samuel Anthony Alito | NJ | April 1, 1950– present |
January 31, 2006– present |
— | — | G. W. Bush | — |
*: These justices were appointed before 1800. Their pre-1800 term portions are shown in the previous timeline.
Note: Because of limitations of the code, the timeline cannot be easily replicated into one timeline.
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