Khabarovsk

Khabarovsk (English)
Хабаровск (Russian)
Khabarovsk (Russia)
Khabarovsk
Location of Khabarovsk on the map of Russia
Coordinates
Coat of Arms
Coat of Arms of Khabarovsk.svg
City Day: Last Sunday of May
Administrative status
Federal subject
In jurisdiction of
Administrative center of		 Khabarovsk Krai
Khabarovsk Krai
Khabarovsk Krai,
Khabarovsky District
Local self-government
Charter Charter of Khabarovsk
Municipal status Urban okrug
Mayor Alexander Sokolov
Legislative body City Duma
Area
Area 372 km² (143.6 sq mi)
Population (as of the 2002 Census)
Population
- Rank
- Density
 583,072 inhabitants
25th
1,567.4/km² (4,059.5/sq mi)
Events
Founded May 31, 1858
Town status 1880
Other information
Postal code 680xxx
Dialing code +7 4212
Official website
http://khabarovskadm.ru/

Khabarovsk (Russian: Хаба́ровск, IPA: [xʌ'barɘfsk]) is the administrative center and the largest city of Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It is located some 30 km from the Chinese border. It is the second largest city in the Russian Far East, after Vladivostok. The city became the administrative center of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia in 2002. Population: 579,000 (2005 est.); 583,072 (2002 Census);[1] 600,623 (1989 Census).[2]

Russian Orthodox Cathedral in Khabarovsk
Lenin Square in City centre
View along main Street
Old City Duma in Khabarovsk

Contents

History

The area was originally part of China, part of Manchu-ruled(17th Century to 20th Century) Imperial China and was called Boli. The Manchurian hamlet dates back to the 12th century.[1]

On March 26 1652, Cossacks were attacked by a joint Manchu cavalry near Achansk (Ачанск), a Russian fort corresponding to the present-day Khabarovsk, but failed to take the fort. However, in 1654, a joint Manchu-Korean army met a Russian army at the Battle of Hutong (hangul: 후퉁강 hanja: 厚通江 (混同江)), which was won by Manchu-Korean allied forces. Four years later,in 1658, Hyojong sent troops once again to help the Qing Dynasty against Russia; 260 Korean musketeers and cannoners were sent to fight against the Russians under command of an Amur Cossack, Onufrij Stepanov (Онуфрий Степанов-Кузнец). Manchu-Korean forces met the Russians at Sharhody (Chinese: 沙尔虎达 Шарходы/Шарходе hangul:의례목성 (어라이무청)), on the mouth of the Sungari River, killing 270 Russians and driving them out of Manchu territory. Those campaigns are better known in Korean chronicles as, Nasun Jeongbeol (hangul: 나선정벌 hanja: 羅禪征伐 Усмирении России).

In 1858, the area was ceded to Russia under the Treaty of Aigun. The Russians founded the military outpost of Khabarovka (Хаба́ровка), [2] named after a Russian explorer Yerofey Khabarov. The post later became an important industrial centre for the region.

The city lies at the confluence of the Amur and Ussuri Rivers, about 800 kilometers (497 mi) north of Vladivostok and is accessible from there by an overnight train running along the Trans-Siberian railway. Rail distance from Moscow is 8,523 kilometers (5,296 mi).

In 1894, a department of Russian Geographical Society was formed in Khabarovsk and began initiating the foundation of libraries, theaters, and museums in the city. Since then, Khabarovsk's cultural life has flourished. Much of the local indigenous history has been well-preserved in the Regional Lore Museum and Natural History Museum and in places like near the Nanai settlement of Sikhachi-Alyan, where cliff drawings from more than 1,300 years ago can be found. The Khabarovsk Art Museum exhibits a rare collection of old Russian icons.

Tourism

Visitors to the picturesque city of Khabarovsk are likely to enjoy walking the broad Amursky Boulevard with its many vibrant shops and perhaps visit the local market. The city's five districts stretch for 45 kilometers (28 mi) along the Amur River.

Recently, there have been many renovations in the city's central part, rebuilding with historical perspective. A popular attraction for visitors is a walking tour from the Lenin Square to Utes via Muravyov-Amursky Street, where visitors can find traditional Russian cuisine restaurants and shops with souvenirs. There are many night clubs and pubs in this area.

Unlike Vladivostok, the city has never been closed to foreigners, despite its being the headquarters of the Far East Military District, and retains its historically international flavor. Once the capital of the Soviet Far East (from 1926 to 1938), since the demise of the Soviet Union it has experienced an increased Asian presence. It is estimated that over one million Chinese travel to and through Khabarovsk yearly, and foreign investment by Japanese and Korean corporations has grown in recent years.

Khabarovsk is served by Khabarovsk Novy Airport with international flights to East Asia, Southeast Asia, European Russia, and Central Asia.

The city of Khabarovsk was also the site of the Khabarovsk War Crime Trials, in which twelve former members of the Japanese Kwantung Army were put on trial for the manufacture and use of biological weapons during World War II. See Unit 731.

Sports

Khabarovsk is home to a Kontinental Hockey League franchise, Amur Khabarovsk, which plays its home games at the Platinum Arena. It is the easternmost-based team in the league.

Notable Residents

Sister cities


Nuvola apps kweather.svg Weather averages for Khabarovsk Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 0.2
(32)		 6.3
(43)		 17.0
(63)		 24.8
(77)		 31.6
(89)		 32.8
(91)		 38.3
(101)		 35.6
(96)		 28.9
(84)		 25.8
(78)		 15.5
(60)		 6.6
(44)		 38.3
(101)
Average high °C (°F) -16.9
(2)		 -12.0
(10)		 -2.3
(28)		 9.2
(49)		 17.7
(64)		 23.2
(74)		 26.1
(79)		 24.4
(76)		 18.4
(65)		 9.6
(49)		 -3.5
(26)		 -14.0
(7)		 6.8
(44)
Average low °C (°F) -24.4
(-12)		 -20.9
(-6)		 -11.8
(11)		 -0.6
(31)		 6.5
(44)		 12.8
(55)		 16.8
(62)		 15.8
(60)		 9.3
(49)		 0.7
(33)		 -11.1
(12)		 -21.0
(-6)		 -2.2
(28)
Record low °C (°F) -38.9
(-38)		 -35.1
(-31)		 -28.9
(-20)		 -15.1
(5)		 -3.1
(26)		 2.4
(36)		 7.9
(46)		 4.8
(41)		 -3.3
(26)		 -15.6
(4)		 -27.4
(-17)		 -36.7
(-34)		 -38.9
(-38)
Precipitation mm (inches) 15
(0.59)		 11
(0.43)		 17
(0.67)		 43
(1.69)		 58
(2.28)		 82
(3.23)		 144
(5.67)		 154
(6.06)		 89
(3.5)		 51
(2.01)		 23
(0.91)		 18
(0.71)		 705
(27.76)
Source: Pogoda.ru.net[3] 8.09.2007

References

  1. ↑ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved on 2008-07-25.
  2. ↑ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics (1989). Retrieved on 2007-12-13.
  3. ↑ "Pogoda.ru.net" (in Russian). Retrieved on September 8, 2007.

External links

Cities and towns in Khabarovsk Krai
Administrative center: Khabarovsk
Coat of arms of Khabarovsk Krai
Amursk · Bikin · Komsomolsk-on-Amur · Nikolayevsk-on-Amur · Sovetskaya Gavan · Vyazemsky
 Flag of Khabarovsk Krai