Kay Bailey Hutchison
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Kay Bailey Hutchison
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| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office June 14, 1993 Serving with John Cornyn |
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| Preceded by | Bob Krueger |
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Texas State Treasurer
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| In office 1991 – 1993 |
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| Governor | Ann Richards |
| Preceded by | Ann Richards |
| Succeeded by | Martha Whitehead |
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| Born | July 22, 1943 Galveston, Texas |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | John Pierce Parks (1967-1969)
Ray Hutchison (1978-present) |
| Children | Kathryn Bailey Hutchison (adopted) Houston Taylor Hutchison (adopted) Brenda Hutchison (stepdaughter) Julie Hutchison (stepdaughter) |
| Residence | Dallas, Texas |
| Alma mater | University of Texas at Austin |
| Occupation | Attorney, journalist, bank executive |
| Religion | Episcopalian |
Kathryn Ann Bailey Hutchison, usually known as Kay Bailey Hutchison (born July 22, 1943), is the senior United States Senator from Texas. She is a member of the Republican Party. In 2001, she was named one of "The 30 most powerful women in America" by Ladies Home Journal. She is the first woman to represent Texas in the U.S. Senate, the first Republican woman to win election to the Senate by defeating an incumbent, and is currently the most senior Republican woman in the Senate, ranking 39th out of 100 in seniority. In 2000, she became the first U.S. Senate candidate in Texas history to poll more than four million votes.[1]
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Family life
Hutchison was born in Galveston to the former Kathryn Ella Sharp and Allan Abner Bailey,[2] an insurance agent. She has two brothers, Allan and Frank. Hutchison grew up in La Marque, Texas.
She married her first husband, John Pierce Parks, a medical student, on April 8, 1967; they divorced in 1969. [2] She married her second husband, in Dallas, Ray Hutchison, on March 16, 1978.[3] They have two adopted children: Kathryn Bailey and Houston Taylor, both adopted in 2001. She also has two stepdaughters, Brenda and Julie, from her husband's previous marriage. Ray Hutchison, a former member of the Texas Legislature and unsuccessful candidate for Texas governor, having lost the Republican nomination in 1978 to Bill Clements of Dallas. He is a senior partner with the law fim of Vinson & Elkins.
Senator Hutchison and her family have their primary residence in Dallas. She has a second house in Virginia, where she lives when the Senate is in session, and where her children attend school.
She is a supporter of the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation where she is a honorary board member.[3]
Education and early career
She received her bachelor of arts degree from the University of Texas at Austin in 1962, where she was a cheerleader and a sister of Pi Beta Phi sorority. She received her J.D. from the University of Texas School of Law in 1967. Following her graduation from law school, she was the legal and political correspondent for KPRC-TV in Houston. Hired by Ray Miller, host of the long-running The Eyes of Texas anthology series, Hutchison was the first female onscreen newswoman in Texas.
In 1972, Hutchison was elected to the Texas House of Representatives from a district in Houston. She served until 1976. She was vice-chairman of the National Transportation Safety Board from 1976 to 1978. She was a candidate for election to the United States House of Representatives in 1982 for the Dallas-based 3rd District, but was defeated in the primary by Steve Bartlett. She temporarily left politics and became a bank executive and successful businesswoman.
1993 Senate special election
Hutchison was elected Texas State Treasurer in 1990 and served until June 1993 when she ran against Senator Bob Krueger for the right to complete the last two years of Lloyd Bentsen's term. Bentsen had resigned in January 1993 to become Secretary of the Treasury in the Clinton administration. Krueger had been appointed by Texas Governor Ann Willis Richards to fill the seat until a replacement was elected.
A field of 24 candidates sought to fill Bentsen's unexpired term, in the May 1993 special election. [4]. The top two vote-getters were Hutchison (593,338, or 29 percent) and Krueger (593,239, also 29 percent). Two conservative Republican congressmen, Joe Barton of Dallas (284,135 or 13.9 percent) and Jack Fields of Houston (277,560, or 13.6 percent) split pro-life voters. Their combined vote was 561,695, still a third-place finish. A fifth candidate, Democrat Richard W. Fisher, polled 165,564 votes (8.1 percent); the remaining candidates had about 6 percent combined.
During the campaign Krueger charged that Hutchison was a "country club Republican" and insensitive to the feelings of minorities. [4] In January, the Houston Chronicle reported that both Hutchison and Fields had promised to serve a maximum of two six-year terms in the Senate as part of her support for term limit legislation for members of Congress. In April, the Dallas Morning News reported that Hutchison had repeated her pledge to serve only two terms in the U.S. Senate, if elected, and had also said term limits ought to cover all senators, including Senator Phil Gramm (R-TX), who had been elected in 1984 and re-elected in 1990. (He would stay in the Senate until 2002.) The term-limits legislation never passed, and Hutchison has said that she would not leave the Senate in the absence of such legislation, because doing so would unilaterally hurt Texas at the expense of other states in the seniority-driven institution.
After the initial voting, most of the Barton and Fields voters switched to Hutchison, who won the runoff, 1,188,716 (67.3 percent) to 576,538 (32.7 percent). Lower turnout in the runoff resulted in a decrease in Krueger's vote total, by 17,000. Hutchison became the first woman to represent Texas in the U.S. Senate.
Following Hutchison's election in 1993, Texas has had two sitting Republican U.S. senators.
1993–1994 prosecution
Shortly after the special election victory, Travis County authorities, led by Democratic district attorney Ronnie Earle, raided Hutchison's offices at the State Treasury looking for proof of allegations that Hutchison used state equipment and employees on state time to help with her campaign. She was indicted by a grand jury in September 1993 for official misconduct and records tampering.
The case against Hutchison was heard before State District Judge John Onion in February, 1994. During pre-trial proceedings, the judge announced that he would make no rulings on the admissibility of evidence prior to the trial. The evidence was to include data from tapes maintained by Treasury employees. Hutchison had allegedly given instructions that the data be deleted from the department's computers (during the course of the trial, the data — enclosed in a pizza box — were turned over to the Travis County DA's office).
This was a ruling DA Earle considered critical. Earle felt that it was a technique designed to torpedo his case, because Onion could rule mid-trial that certain important evidence was inadmissible under the Texas Rules of Evidence [5].
Following Onion's ruling, Earle declined to proceed with his case. Though he had intended to continue the case later, Onion declined to give Earle that opportunity. The judge instead swore in a jury and immediately ordered the panel to acquit Hutchison when no evidence had been presented to them by Earle. The acquittal barred any future prosecution of Hutchison. [6] Later that year, Earle granted reporters access to the files he had amassed to make his case against Hutchison. [7]
1994 and 2000 Senate elections
In 1994, the election for her first full term, Hutchison received 2,604,281 votes (60.8 percent) to 1,639,615 votes (38.3 percent) cast for Democrat Richard W. Fisher, the son-in-law of the late Republican Congressman James M. Collins, who had also run in the special election the year before.
In 2000 she defeated Democrat Gene Kelly, with 4,082,091 (65 percent) to 2,030,315 (32.2 percent). She carried 237 of the 254 counties, including one of the most Democratic counties, Webb County (Laredo). This was the only time since the early 1900s that Webb County had supported a Republican candidate for any office on a partisan ballot. More than four million Texans voted for Hutchison that year — still the record highest number of actual votes ever cast in Texas for a non-presidential candidate (George W. Bush received 4,526,917 votes in Texas in the 2004 election).
2006 Senate election
Speculation began in 2004 that Hutchison would run for Governor of Texas in 2006, challenging current Governor Rick Perry in the Republican primary. However, on June 17, 2005, Hutchison announced that she would seek reelection to the Senate instead, reneging on an earlier promise to a two-term limit. Many political analysts speculated that she did not believe she could defeat Perry in the GOP primary because of his popularity among Christian conservatives, while her Senate seat was unlikely to face a serious threat.
Hutchison's Democratic opponent in the November 2006 general election was former Houston attorney and mediator Barbara Ann Radnofsky (born July 8, 1956), who had not previously run for public office. Radnofsky received 44 percent of the vote in the primary and won a runoff election against Gene Kelly with 60 percent of the vote. Kelly had been the unsuccessful Democratic nominee against Hutchison in 2000. Libertarian Scott Lanier Jameson (born July 1, 1966), a real estate consultant from Plano, also ran for the seat.
Radnofsky faced an uphill battle in a state that has not elected a Democrat statewide since 1994, as George W. Bush's landslide reelection as governor in 1998 had helped carry Republicans into all the other statewide offices. In the August 2006 Rasmussen poll, Hutchison led her opponent by 30 percentage points — 61 to 31. [8]. The Survey USA Poll, which is not a head-to-head matchup, but only lists approval ratings of incumbents, found Hutchison with a 61 percent approval rating. [9] The Zogby poll, in contrast, showed a closer result, but still showed Hutchison with a 17.3 percent lead — the highest of any incumbent Republican Zogby tracks. [10]. The authors stated "...Republican Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison, who got 65 percent of the vote in 2000, is a safe bet to win a third term."
On election night 2006, Hutchison won re-election to another term, winning 2,661,789 votes (61.7%). Radnofsky won 1,555,202 votes (36.04%). [11] Radnofsky only won in base Democratic areas, carrying only border counties with strong Hispanic majorities, such as El Paso and Webb (Laredo) and in Travis County (Austin). Hutchison won everything else, having procured majorities in 236 of the state's 254 counties.
Voting Record
On Feb 2, 2005, Hutchison sought to curtail the ability of plaintiffs to file class-action lawsuits against corporations [5]
Political views
Hutchison serves on the following Senate committees: Appropriations; Commerce, Science and Transportation; Rules and Administration; Veterans' Affairs. During her time in the Senate, Hutchison has been a strong supporter of NASA.
In June 2000, Hutchison and her Senate colleagues coauthored Nine and Counting: The Women of the Senate. In 2004, her book, American Heroines: The Spirited Women Who Shaped Our Country, was published.
From 2001 to 2007, Hutchison served as Chairwoman of the Senate Republican Conference (caucus), making her the fifth-ranking Republican in the Senate behind Majority Leader Bill Frist, Majority Whip Mitch McConnell and conference chairman Rick Santorum, and Policy Chairman Jon Kyl. In 2007, Hutchison succeeded Jon Kyl as the Policy Chair for Senate Republicans, the fourth ranking leadership position in the Republican caucus behind Minority Leader McConnell, Minority Whip, and conference chairman Kyl.
The National Journal ranked Hutchison as follows in its 2004 rankings, which are based on various key votes relating to economic policy, social policy, and foreign policy: "Economic: 26% Liberal, 73% Conservative; Social: 38% Liberal, 60% Conservative; Foreign: 0% Liberal, 67% Conservative. Although a loyal Conservative Republican she has been known to cross over to the other side on a few issues. She is more likely to do this than either Phil Gramm or his successor John Cornyn." A poll that was released on June 19, 2007, shows that Hutchison has an approval rating of 58%, with 34% disapproving.[12]
Abortion positions
Hutchison is against outlawing abortion.[6] She also believes that the decision of the United States Supreme Court in Roe v. Wade was appropriate and secures a constitutional right, and that it should not be overturned.[7]
Hutchison is currently considered to be liberal on abortion issues, at least compared to most elected Republicans from Texas. Although she has served on the Advisory Board of The Wish List (Women in the Senate and House) Political Action Committee, which contributes to pro-choice female Republican candidates for Congress, she is no longer on the board [13] and the PAC did not endorse her in 2006. [14]. In the past years NARAL has given her ratings of 0%, 7%, 20%, and 0%, indicating that her voting record mostly favored enacting proposed abortion restrictions. [15]
While in the Texas House of Representatives (1973 to 1977), Hutchison worked, along with Sarah Weddington (the attorney who won the Roe v. Wade case), to protect rape victims from having their names published. She supports some abortion rights, but does not believe taxpayers should fund abortions. Hutchison has also endorsed parental notification laws [16] and in 2006 sponsored legislation to prevent minors from legally being transported across state lines to circumvent such laws.
Pistol ban controversy
Hutchison proposed the "District of Columbia Personal Protection Act," which drew 31 cosponsors in the United States Senate, while drawing 157 cosponsors from the House. This bill would have dismantled the handgun bans the city had for thirty years (it was changed by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2008). DC's law states that one may possess a rifle or shotgun as long as they are disassembled and inoperative, but not pistols. The law was recently struck down in a U.S. Supreme Court ruling.
Hutchison formerly had resided in D.C., but has since moved her family to Virginia, in addition to her de jure residence in Texas.
Environmental record
In 2006, Hutchison received more campaign contributions from members of large oil and gas corporations than any other member of Congress.[8] In 2005, Hutchison voted against prohibiting oil leasing in Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, and has supported legislation promoting drilling in the refuge in 2002 and 2003. In 2005 she also voted against including oil and gas smokestacks in the Environmental Protection Agency's mercury regulations.[9][10] In 1999, she voted to remove funding for renewable and solar energy, although she has more recently stated she supports the development of alternative energy sources.[11] According to the League of Conservation Voters environmental scorecard, Hutchison received a rating of zero — the lowest possible score — in the 104th Congress.[12]
Border issues
Senator Hutchison supports local consultation between communities along the border and the Department of Homeland Security to determine what type of fencing and security measures make sense in particular areas based on what those officials see on the ground. She has stated that bureaucrats in Washington are hardly positioned to determine the most effective measures, which areas of the border are experiencing the most significant problems, and how construction of the fence will impact local communities. The conservative advocacy group grassfire.org criticizes this position arguing that a consultation process will slow down construction of the fence and provide an opening for so called "open border" advocates to kill the fence project all together.
Political future
Hutchison is the most senior female Republican senator, having been elected in 1993. Next in line is Senator Olympia Snowe (R-ME), who was elected in 1994.
In February 2006, TheWhiteHouseProject.org named Hutchison as one of its "8 in '08", a group of eight female politicians who are "real contenders" to be elected President in 2008.[13] Hutchison's name was also circulated as a possible Vice-Presidential candidate for Republican John McCain.[14] Her record as a conservative, female politician from the American Southwest could have induced the GOP to add her name to the ticket in an effort to balance any perceived gender gap between the parties. The selection went to Sarah Palin instead. In a secretly recorded conversation by MSNBC,[15] GOP insiders Peggy Noonan and Mike Murphy went as far as to suggest that McCain's pick of Palin is insulting to Hutchison and that Hutchison "has never looked comfortable with" the ticket.[16]
Hutchison has filed the papers to establish an exploratory committee for a run for the governor's seat in Texas in 2010.[17]
In an interview with Texas Monthly, Hutchison said she would not seek re-election after this term and may leave as early as 2009, to allow a new senator to build seniority before the 2012 election. If she is elected governor in 2010, a temporary appointment will be made by the governor.[18]
Committee Assignments
- Committee on Appropriations
- Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies
- Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development
- Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies
- Subcommittee on Military Construction and Veterans' Affairs, and Related Agencies (Ranking Member)
- Subcommittee on Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies
- Committee on Veterans' Affairs
- Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation (Ranking Member)[19]
- Subcommittee on Aviation Operations, Safety, and Security (Ranking Member)
- Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Innovation
- Subcommittee on Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine Infrastructure, Safety and Security
- Committee on Rules and Administration
Electoral history
| Year | Democrat | Votes | Pct | Republican | Votes | Pct | 3rd Party | Party | Votes | Pct | 3rd Party | Party | Votes | Pct | |||||
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| 1988 | Lloyd Bentsen* | 3,149,806 | 59% | Beau Boulter | 2,129,228 | 40% | Jeff Daiell | Libertarian | 43,989 | 1% | |||||||||
| 1993 | Bob Krueger | 576,538 | 33% | Kay Bailey Hutchison | 1,188,716 | 67% | |||||||||||||
| 1994 | Richard W. Fisher | 1,639,615 | 38% | Kay Bailey Hutchison | 2,604,218 | 61% | Pierre Blondeau | Libertarian | 36,107 | 1% | |||||||||
| 2000 | Gene Kelly | 2,025,024 | 32% | Kay Bailey Hutchison | 4,078,954 | 65% | Douglas Sandage | Green | 91,329 | 1% | Mary Ruwart | Libertarian | 72,657 | 1% | |||||
| 2006 | Barbara Ann Radnofsky | 1,555,202 | 36% | Kay Bailey Hutchison | 2,661,789 | 62% | Scott Jameson | Libertarian | 97,672 | 2% |
References
- ↑ Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections, p. 1353
- ↑ Ancestry of Kay Bailey Hutchison
- ↑ MMRF Honorary Board
- ↑ Senator Trails in Texas, and Slugs Alone New York Times 1993-06-03
- ↑ Key Votes by Kay Bailey Hutchison | Congress votes database | washingtonpost.com
- ↑ National Journal Alamanac, Texas: Senior Senator, Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison (R): "She is opposed to outlawing abortion." Retrieved 2008-08-24.
- ↑ U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 108th Congress - 1st Session, On the Amendment (Harkin Amdt. No. 260 ).
- ↑ Big Oil's 10 favorite members of Congress - MSN Money
- ↑ Public Theology: Senate Vote on Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
- ↑ Kay Bailey Hutchison on the Issues
- ↑ Rice University | News & Media
- ↑ Environmental Zeroes and Heroes of the 104th Congress
- ↑ "8 in '08: 2008 Presidential Contenders" (PDF). The Whitehouse Project.
- ↑ Gillman, Todd J. "Hutchison's vice president potential being debated". The Dallas Morning News. February 11, 2008.
- ↑ Hot mic catches GOP strategists trashing Palin pick
- ↑ "Murphy, Noonan Blast Palin Choice". Newsmax. September 4, 2008.
- ↑ "Kay Bailey Hutchison edges toward governor's run". The Dallas Morning News (2008-12-04). Retrieved on 2008=12-04.
- ↑ Gamboa, Suzanne. "Texas senator won't run for re-election". USA Today. October 16, 2007.
- ↑ [1] Hutchison was named ranking member when Ted Stevens stepped down.
- ↑ "Election Statistics". Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives. Retrieved on 2007-08-08.
- ↑ Senatorial election results, for the special election in 1993
- Selby, W. Gardner. "Earle lost Kay; can he beat DeLay?". Austin American-Statesman, Oct. 2, 2005. pp. A1, A8–A9.
- Barone, Michael. The Almanac of American Politics, 2006. "Kay Bailey Hutchison," pp. 1580–1581.
External links
- U.S. Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison official Senate site
- Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- Voting record maintained by The Washington Post
- Campaign finance reports and data at the Federal Election Commission
- Campaign contributions at OpenSecrets.org
- Biography, voting record, and interest group ratings at Project Vote Smart
- Issue positions and quotes at On The Issues
- New York Times — Topics: Kay Bailey Hutchison collected news stories and commentary
- SourceWatch Congresspedia — Kay Bailey Hutchison profile
- Secretary of State of Texas candidate list
- Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison official campaign site
- NoKay.org anti-candidate site
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Ann Richards |
Texas State Treasurer 1991 – 1993 |
Succeeded by Martha Whitehead |
| United States Senate | ||
| Preceded by Bob Krueger |
United States Senator (Class 1) from Texas 1993 – present Served alongside: Phil Gramm, John Cornyn |
Incumbent |
| Party political offices | ||
| Preceded by Paul Coverdell |
Vice-Chairman of the Senate Republican Conference 2001 – 2007 |
Succeeded by John Cornyn |
| Preceded by Jon Kyl |
Chairman of the Senate Republican Policy Committee 2007 – present |
Incumbent |
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