Demographics of Canada

Population of Canada, Data of FAO, year 2006 and Statistics Canada, July 2008 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands.

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Canada, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populous, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Population of Canada: 31,612,895 (2006 Census).

Population of Canada: 33,411,783 (Current estimates 2008).

1 Provinces and territories
2 Metropolitan areas
3 Cities
4 Age structure
- 4.1 Median age
5 Population growth rates
6 Vital statistics
7 Ethnicity
8 Religions
9 Languages
10 Literacy
11 City populations
12 See also
13 Further reading
14 References

Provinces and territories

Rank	Name and flag	Abbr	Population	Percentage of national pop.	Land area (km²)	Population density	Seats in House of Commons
1	Ontario	ON	&0000000012753702.00000012,753,702	38.8%	&0000000000917741.000000917,741	13.90	106
2	Quebec	QC	&0000000007687068.0000007,687,068	23.4%	&0000000001365128.0000001,365,128	5.63	75
3	British Columbia	BC	&0000000004352798.0000004,352,798	13.2%	&0000000000925186.000000925,186	4.70	36
4	Alberta	AB	&0000000003455062.0000003,455,062	10.5%	&0000000000642317.000000642,317	5.38	28
5	Manitoba	MB	&0000000001182921.0000001,182,921	3.6%	&0000000000553556.000000553,556	2.14	14
6	Saskatchewan	SK	&0000000000990212.000000990,212	3.0%	&0000000000591670.000000591,670	1.67	14
7	Nova Scotia	NS	&0000000000932966.000000932,966	2.8%	&0000000000053338.00000053,338	17.49	11
8	New Brunswick	NB	&0000000000748878.000000748,878	2.3%	&0000000000071450.00000071,450	10.48	10
9	Newfoundland and Labrador	NL	&0000000000506548.000000506,548	1.5%	&0000000000373872.000000373,872	1.35	7
10	Prince Edward Island	PE	&0000000000138800.000000138,800	0.4%	&0000000000005660.0000005,660	24.41	4
11	Northwest Territories	NT	&0000000000041795.00000041,795	0.1%	&0000000001183085.0000001,183,085	0.037	1
12	Nunavut	NU	&0000000000031216.00000031,216	0.1%	&0000000001936113.0000001,936,113	0.016	1
13	Yukon	YT	&0000000000030883.00000030,883	0.1%	&0000000000474391.000000474,391	0.065	1
Total	Canada		&0000000032852849.00000032,852,849	100%	&0000000009093507.0000009,093,507	3.61	308

Sources: Statistics Canada^[1]^[2]

Metropolitan areas

Largest Metropolitan Areas of Canada
Rank	Core City	Province	Pop.	Rank	Core City	Province	Pop.	Toronto Montreal
1	Toronto	Ontario	5,113,149	11	Kitchener	Ontario	451,235
2	Montreal	Quebec	3,635,571	12	St. Catharines	Ontario	390,317
3	Vancouver	British Columbia	2,116,581	13	Halifax	Nova Scotia	372,858
4	Ottawa	Ontario	1,130,761	14	Oshawa	Ontario	330,594
5	Calgary	Alberta	1,079,310	15	Victoria	British Columbia	330,088
6	Edmonton	Alberta	1,034,945	16	Windsor	Ontario	323,342
7	Quebec City	Quebec	715,515	17	Saskatoon	Saskatchewan	233,923
8	Winnipeg	Manitoba	694,668	18	Regina	Saskatchewan	194,971
9	Hamilton	Ontario	692,911	19	Sherbrooke	Quebec	186,952
10	London	Ontario	457,720	20	St. John's	Newfoundland and Labrador	181,113
Canada 2006 Census

Cities

Largest Cities of Canada
Rank	City	Province	Pop.	Rank	City	Province	Pop.	Toronto Montreal
1	Toronto	Ontario	2,503,281	11	Brampton	Ontario	433,806
2	Montreal	Quebec	1,620,693	12	Surrey	British Columbia	394,976
3	Calgary	Alberta	1,019,942	13	Halifax	Nova Scotia	372,679
4	Ottawa	Ontario	812,129	14	Laval	Quebec	368,709
5	Edmonton	Alberta	730,372	15	London	Ontario	352,395
6	Mississauga	Ontario	668,549	16	Markham	Ontario	261,573
7	Winnipeg	Manitoba	633,451	17	Gatineau	Quebec	242,124
8	Vancouver	British Columbia	578,041	18	Vaughan	Ontario	238,866
9	Hamilton	Ontario	504,559	19	Longueuil	Quebec	229,330
10	Quebec City	Quebec	491,142	20	Windsor	Ontario	216,473
Canada 2006 Census

Age structure

Age structure of Canadian population, 2001

(2006 Census)

	Males		Females
Age Group	Number	Per cent	Number	Per cent
0-4	864,600	2.7%	825,940	2.6%
5-9	926,855	2.9%	882,520	2.8%
10-14	1,065,860	3.3%	1,014,060	3.2%
15-19	1,095,285	3.5%	1,045,205	3.3%
20-24	1,047,950	3.3%	1,032,435	3.3%
25-29	975,945	3.1%	1,009,635	3.2%
30-34	987,730	3.1%	1,032,515	3.3%
35-39	1,083,495	3.4%	1,124,780	3.6%
40-44	1,285,535	4.1%	1,324,925	4.2%
45-49	1,290,125	4.1%	1,330,470	4.2%
50-54	1,158,970	3.7%	1,198,330	3.8%
55-59	1,026,395	3.2%	1,058,230	3.3%
60-64	780,135	2.5%	809,730	2.6%
65-69	593,810	1.9%	640,770	2.0%
70-74	493,460	1.6%	560,320	1.8%
75-79	386,485	1.2%	493,095	1.6%
80-84	251,420	0.8%	395,285	1.3%
85+	161,930	0.5%	358,680	1.1%
Totals	15,475,970	49.0%	16,136,930	51.0%

Median age

total: 39.5 years
- male: 38.6 years
- female: 40.4 years (2006)

Median age by province and territory, 2006 Census

Total: 39.5

Sources: Statistics Canada^[3]

Population growth rates

Population by province and territory, 2006 and 2001 censuses, 5 year real population growth/decline, percentage population change from 2001 to 2006 and each jurisdiction's percent population of the total population of Canada as of the 2006 Census
(sorted by real population growth (or decline) descending)

Jurisdiction	2006	2001	Growth	% Change	% TOTAL
Ontario	&0000000012160282.00000012,160,282	&0000000011410046.00000011,410,046	&0000000000750236.000000750,236	6.6	38.47
Alberta	&0000000003290350.0000003,290,350	&0000000002974807.0000002,974,807	&0000000000315543.000000315,543	10.6	10.40
Quebec	&0000000007546131.0000007,546,131	&0000000007237479.0000007,237,479	&0000000000308652.000000308,652	4.3	23.87
British Columbia	&0000000004113487.0000004,113,487	&0000000003907738.0000003,907,738	&0000000000205749.000000205,749	5.3	13.01
Manitoba	&0000000001148401.0000001,148,401	&0000000001119583.0000001,119,583	&0000000000028818.00000028,818	2.6	3.63
Nova Scotia	&0000000000913462.000000913,462	&0000000000908007.000000908,007	&0000000000005455.0000005,455	0.6	2.89
Northwest Territories	41,464	&0000000000037360.00000037,360	&0000000000004104.0000004,104	11.0	0.13
Nunavut	&0000000000029474.00000029,474	&0000000000026745.00000026,745	&0000000000002729.0000002,729	10.2	0.09
Yukon	&0000000000030372.00000030,372	&0000000000028674.00000028,674	&0000000000001698.0000001,698	5.9	0.09
Prince Edward Island	&0000000000135851.000000135,851	&0000000000135294.000000135,294	&0000000000000557.000000557	0.4	0.43
New Brunswick	&0000000000729997.000000729,997	&0000000000729498.000000729,498	&0000000000000499.000000499	0.1	2.31
Newfoundland and Labrador	&0000000000505469.000000505,469	&0000000000512930.000000512,930	-7,461	-1.5	1.60
Saskatchewan	968,157	&0000000000978933.000000978,933	-10,776	-1.1	2.96
TOTAL	&0000000031612897.00000031,612,897	&0000000030007094.00000030,007,094	&0000000001605893.0000001,605,893	5.4	100.00

Derived from: Statistics Canada - (table) Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, 2006 and 2001 Censuses - 100% Data

Last modified (by source): N/A
Compiled/added to Wikipedia: 2007-07-22

Vital statistics

Birth rate: 10.5 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) ^[4]

Death rate: 7.3 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) ^[5]

Net migration rate: 6.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Sex ratio:

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2003.)

Infant mortality rate: 4.88 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:

total population: 79.83 years
male: 76.44 years
female: 83.38 years (2003 est.)

Total fertility rate: 1.61 children born/woman (2003 est.)

Ethnicity

Nationality:

noun: Canadian(s)
adjective: Canadian

Ethnic origin

Canadians were able to self-identify one or more ethnic origins in the 2001 census. It should be noted that respondents were able to identify more than one ethic origin, and that percentages may therefore add up to more than 100%. The most common response was 'Canadian', and since the term 'Canadian' is as much an expression of citizenship as of ethnicity, these figures should not be considered an exact record of the relative prevalence of different ethnocultural ancestries.

Single responses: 22.77% of respondents gave a single response of 'Canadian', while a further 16.65% identified with both 'Canadian', and one or more other ancestries. 4.99% of respondents gave a single response of English, about 3% were Black Canadians 3.58% gave a single response of French, 3.16% gave a single response of Chinese, 2.45% gave a single response of Italian, 2.38% gave a single response of German, 2.05% gave a single response of Scottish, 1.96% gave a single response of East Indian, 1.68% gave a single response of Irish, 1.54% gave a single response of North American Indian, 1.10% gave a single response of Ukrainian and 1.07% gave a single response of Dutch (Netherlands).

Multiple responses: Counting both single and multiple responses, the most commonly identified ethnic origins were:

	2006 %
Canadian		32.22%
English		21.03%
French		15.82%
Scottish		15.11%
Irish		13.94%
German		10.18%
Italian		4.63%
Chinese		4.31%
North American Indian		4.01%
Ukrainian		3.87%
Dutch (Netherlands)		3.31%
Polish		3.15%
East Indian		3.08%
Russian		1.60%
Welsh		1.41%
Filipino		1.40%
Norwegian		1.38%
Portuguese		1.32%
Métis		1.31%
Swedish		1.07%
Spanish		1.04%
Hungarian		1.01%
Jewish		1.01%

The same data is also grouped more geographically by Statistics Canada as follows:^[6]

	2006 %	2001 %
North American		40.21%
British Isles		33.64%
French		15.89%
Western European		12.78%
Eastern European		8.50%
Southern European		7.87%

	2006 %	2001 %
East and Southeast Asian		6.03%
Aboriginal		4.45%
South Asian		3.25%
Northern European		3.22%
Caribbean		1.70%
Other European		1.28%

	2006 %	2001 %
Arab		1.17%
African		0.99%
Latin, Central and South American		0.82%
West Asian		0.69%
Oceania		0.16%

Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (29,639,035 in 2001) and may total more than 100% due to dual responses.
All ethnocultural ancestries with more than 56,000 responses are listed in the table above according to the exact terminology used by Statistics Canada.^[7]

Visible minorities

	Population	Per cent of population
South Asian	1,233,275	4.0%
Chinese/Taiwanese	1,168,485	3.7%
Black	783,795	2.5%
Filipino	389,550	1.3%
Latin American	304,245	1.0%
Arab	265,550	0.9%
Southeast Asian	231,425	0.7%
West Asian	156,700	0.5%
Korean	138,425	0.4%
Japanese	60,415	0.2%
Multiple visible minorities	104,215	0.3%
Visible minority, n.i.e.	71,420	0.2%
Total visible minority population^[8]^[9]	5,068,095	16.2%

Aboriginal status

The 2006 census counted a total aboriginal population of 1,172,790 (3.75%) which includes 698,025 North American Indians (2.23%), and 389,785 Métis (1.25%), and 50,480 Inuit (0.16%). Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (31,241,030) ^[10]

Religions

Top self-identified religious affiliations in Canada in 2001.

**Top Self-Identified Religious Affiliations in Canada**
	Number	%	Number	%	% change (in numbers)
	1991		2001		% change (in numbers)
Christian		81		77
- Roman & Old Catholic	12,203,625	45.2	12,936,905	43.6	+4.8
- Christian Orthodox	387,395	1.4	479,620	1.6	+23.8
- Coptic Orthodox	5,020	0.02	10,285	0.03	+104.9
- Romanian Orthodox	4,570	0.02	4,675	0.02	+2.3
- Total Other Christian	9,427,675	34.9	8,654,850	29.2	-8.2
- United Church of Canada	3,093,120	11.3	2,839,125	9.5	-8.2
- Anglican Church of Canada	2,188,110	8.0	2,035,495	6.8	-7.0
- Baptist	663,360	2.4	729,475	2.4	+10.0
- Lutheran	636,205	2.3	606,590	2.0	-4.7
- Presbyterian	636,295	2.3	409,830	1.4	-35.6
- Pentecostal	436,435	1.6	369,475	1.2	-15.3
- Mennonite	207,970	0.8	191,465	0.6	-7.9
- Jehovah's Witnesses	168,375	0.6	154,745	0.5	-8.1
- Methodist	83,910	0.3	106,545	0.4	+27.0
- Mormon	100,770	0.4	104,750	0.3	+3.9
- Salvation Army	112,345	0.4	87,785	0.3	-21.9
- Christian Reformed Church in North America	84,685	0.3	76,665	0.3	-9.5
- Christian and Missionary Alliance	59,365	0.2	66,280	0.2	+11.9
- Adventists	52,365	0.2	62,875	0.2	+20.1
- Christian, not included elsewhere¹	353,040	1.3	780,450	2.6	+121.1
No religion	3,397,000	12.6	4,900,095	16.5	+44.2
Other
- Muslim	253,265	0.9	579,640	2.0	+128.9
- Jewish	318,185	1.2	329,995	1.1	+3.7
- Buddhist	163,415	0.6	300,345	1.0	+83.8
- Hindu	157,015	0.6	297,200	1.0	+89.3
- Sikh	147,440	0.5	278,410	0.9	+88.8
¹ Includes persons who report only “Christian”, only "Protestant", and those in denominations less than 60,000 * For comparability purposes, 1991 data are presented according to 2001 boundaries.

Sources: Statistics Canada^[11]^[12]^[13]

Note(s):

Roman and Old Catholic includes Roman Catholic, Eastern Catholic, Polish National Catholic Church, and Old Catholic
Other Religions also includes Bahá'í Faith, Eckankar, Jainism, Shinto, Taoism, Zoroastrianism, Aboriginal belief systems, Neo-Paganism, Wicca, Unity - New Thought - Pantheist, Scientology, Rastafari movement, New Age, Gnostic, Satanism, et cetera
No Religion includes Atheism, Agnosticism, Humanism, et cetera

Languages

Main article: Spoken languages of Canada

Language used most often at work:^[14]

English: 78.3%
French: 21.7%
Non-official languages: 2.0%

Languages by mothertongue:^[14]

English: 58.2%
French: 21.7%
Non-official languages: 19.0%

Chinese: 3.1%
Italian: 1.4%
German 1.2%
Spanish: 1.2%
Panjabi: 1.1%
Tagalog: 0.9%

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99% (2003 est.)
male: 99%
female: 99%

City populations

As of 2006, Canada's 13 largest cities (metro areas) have a combined population of 17,885,000
Canada has 100 cities with 45,000 inhabitants or more for a combined population of 20,687,000
Canada has 230 cities with 15,000 inhabitants or more

References

↑ Statistics Canada (2007). "Population Estimates (April 2007)". Retrieved on 2007-07-22.
↑ Statistics Canada (2005). "Land and freshwater area, by province and territory (2005)". Retrieved on 2007-07-22.
↑ Statistics Canada (2006). "Age Groups and Sex for Population of Canada (2006 Census)". Retrieved on 2007-07-22.
↑ |Birth rates of Canada and its provinces and territories
↑ |Death rates of Canada and its provinces and territories
↑ Ethnocultural Portrait of Canada Highlight Tables, 2006 Census
↑ Ethnic Origin (232), Sex (3) and Single and Multiple Responses (3) (2001 Census)
↑ 2006 Community Profiles
↑ 2006 Community Profiles - Province/Territorie
↑ Aboriginal Identity (2006 Census)
↑ Statistics Canada (2001). "Religions in Canada". Retrieved on 2007-02-16.
↑ Statistics Canada (1991). "Religion , Age Groups and Sex for Population of Canada". Retrieved on 2007-02-16.
↑ Statistics Canada (2001). "Population by religion, by province and territory (2001 Census)". Retrieved on 2007-02-16.
↑ ^14.0 ^14.1 Statistics Canada - Language used at work1 by frequency of language used at work and mother tongue, 2006 counts

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Sovereign states	Antigua and Barbuda · Bahamas · Barbados · Belize · Canada · Costa Rica · Cuba · Dominica · Dominican Republic · El Salvador · Grenada · Guatemala · Haiti · Honduras · Jamaica · Mexico · Nicaragua · Panama¹ · Saint Kitts and Nevis · Saint Lucia · Saint Vincent and the Grenadines · Trinidad and Tobago¹ · United States

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¹ Territories also in or commonly reckoned elsewhere in the Americas (South America).