Bugatti Veyron
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| Manufacturer | Bugatti Automobiles SAS |
|---|---|
| Parent company | Volkswagen Group |
| Production | 2005–present (approx. 300 to be produced) |
| Assembly | Molsheim, Alsace, France |
| Predecessor | Bugatti EB110 |
| Body style(s) | 2-door coupe |
| Layout | Mid-engine, four-wheel drive |
| Engine(s) | 8.0 L quad-turbocharged W16 |
| Transmission(s) | 7-speed Direct-Shift Gearbox sequential manual |
| Wheelbase | 2,710 mm (106.7 in) |
| Length | 4,462 mm (175.7 in) |
| Width | 1,998 mm (78.7 in) |
| Height | 1,204 mm (47.4 in) |
| Curb weight | 2,034.8 kg (4,486 lb) |
| Fuel capacity | 100 L (22.0 imp gal/26.4 US gal) |
| Designer | Hartmut Warkuss, and Jozef Kabaň[1] |
The Bugatti Veyron 16.4 is a mid-engine grand touring car produced by Volkswagen Group subsidiary Bugatti Automobiles SAS and introduced in 2005. It is currently the fastest accelerating and decelerating production car in the world and, at 1.1 million Euro, it is also one of the most expensive cars.
Powered by a 736-kilowatt (1,001 PS/987 hp) W16 engine,[2] it can reach 408.47 km/h (253.81 mph).[3] The car reached full production in September 2005, and is handcrafted in a factory Volkswagen built near the former Bugatti headquarters in Château St Jean in Molsheim (Alsace, France). It is named after French racing driver Pierre Veyron, who won the 24 hours of Le Mans in 1939 while racing for the original Bugatti firm. Two examples of the Veyron are known to have been wrecked since production began.[4]
Contents |
History
Development of this vehicle began with the 1999 EB 18/4 "Veyron" concept car which itself had a chassis based on that of the Bugatti 18/3 Chiron concept car. Introduced at the Tokyo Motor Show, it was similar in design and appearance to the final Veyron production car. One major difference was the EB 18/4's use of a W18 engine with three banks of six cylinders. The Veyron's chief designer was Hartmut Warkuss with exterior designed by Jozef Kabaň of Volkswagen rather than Giorgetto Giugiaro of ItalDesign who had handled the three prior Bugatti concepts too.
Volkswagen chairman Ferdinand Piëch announced the Veyron at the 2000 Geneva Motor Show. It was promised to be the fastest, most powerful and most expensive production car in history. Instead of the W18, it would use a VR6/WR8-style W16 engine. First seen in the 1999 Bentley Hunaudières concept car, the W16 would have four turbochargers and produce a quoted (metric) 1001 horsepower (see engine section for details on the power output). Top speed was promised at 407 km/h (253 mph), and the price was announced at €1 million.
Development continued throughout 2001 and the EB 16/4 Veyron was promoted to "advanced concept" status. In late 2001, Bugatti announced that the car, officially called the "Bugatti Veyron 16.4", would go into production in 2003, but significant problems cropped up during development. Achieving the required high-speed stability was difficult: one prototype was destroyed in a crash and another spun out during a public demonstration at the Monterey Historics event in Mazda Raceway at Laguna Seca. Production of the Veyron was delayed pending resolution of these and other problems.
Piëch retired that year as chairman of the Volkswagen Group and was replaced by Bernd Pischetsrieder. The new chairman promptly sent the Veyron back to the drawing board for major revisions. Neumann was replaced as Bugatti president by Thomas Bscher in December 2003, and substantial modifications were made to the Veyron under the guidance of former VW engineer, Bugatti Engineering head Wolfgang Schreiber.
The Veyron costs €1,100,000 (net price without taxes); prices vary by exchange rates and local taxes (like value added taxes). Prices for the UK or the US are over £880,000, or around $1,400,000.
Special editions
Pur Sang
On 10 September 2007 a special version of the Veyron called the "Pur Sang" (French for thoroughbred) was unveiled at the Frankfurt Motor Show. The only difference from the standard Veyron is the body finishing: the Pur Sang has none, revealing the Veyron's pure aluminium-carbon fibre body. Production of the Pur Sang will be limited to five cars, which will have high-gloss aluminum wheels with a diamond cut finish.[5][6]
Fbg par Hermès
At the Geneva motor show in 2008 Bugatti announced a partnership with the French fashion house Hermès, resulting in the "Fbg Par Hermès" trim. This has several new features as well as a redesigned front end. The interior is trimmed in Hermès leather and it comes with a specially designed Hermès suitcase to fit in the trunk. Built for Rodrigo Cañizares.[7] Bugatti later made four new color schemes available for order with the Hermès Veyron: called "Indigo Blue and Vermilion", "Indigo Blue and Lime Green", "Black and Garance Red", and "Prussian Blue and Blue Jean". The cars will also come with the bespoke luggage, special 8-spoke rims and an H-pattern grill.[8]
Grand Sport
Bugatti announced the production of a targa top version, called Grand Sport. The car was unveiled at Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance on August 15, 2008, with production set to begin in spring 2009.[9] The Grand Sport comes with small tweaks to the windshield and running lights, and two removable tops. The first is a transparent polycarbonate removable hardtop, and the second is a temporary roof fashioned after an umbrella and inspired by pictures of classic Bugatti racers with umbrellas in hand. The Grand Sport can reach 407 km/h (253 mph) with the hardtop in place, the same top speed as the coupé version. With no roof the top speed is limited to 360 km/h (220 mph), and to 130 km/h (81 mph) with the temporary soft roof. The Grand Sport has extensive reinforcement beyond the standard Veyron.
The chassis 001 car was sold in 2008 Gooding & Company Pebble Beach auction with winning bid price of $2.9 million, with approximately $900,000 of the auction price going to charity.[10]
Specifications and performance
The Veyron features a W16 engine—16 cylinders in four banks of four cylinders, or the equivalent of two narrow-angle V8 engines mated in a "W" configuration. Each cylinder has 4 valves for a total of 64, but the narrow V8 configuration allows two camshafts to drive two banks of cylinders so only 4 camshafts are needed. The engine is fed by four turbochargers and displaces 8.0 L (7,993 cc/488 in³) with a square 86 mm by 86 mm (3.4 in. × 3.4 in.) bore and stroke.
The transmission consists of a dual-clutch Direct-Shift Gearbox computer-controlled manual gearbox with seven gear ratios with shifter paddles behind the steering wheel boasting an <150 ms shift time. This is designed and manufactured by Ricardo of England. The Veyron can be driven by full automatic transmission. It also features full-time four-wheel drive based on the Haldex Traction system. It uses special Michelin run-flat tires, designed specifically for the Veyron to accommodate its top speed, which reportedly cost $25,000 per set.[11] Curb weight is 2,034.8 kg (4,486 lb).[11] This gives the car a power to weight ratio of 4.5 lb/bhp.
The car's wheelbase is 2710 mm (106.7 in). Overall length is 4462 mm (175.7 in), width 1998 mm (78.7 in) and height 1204 mm (47.4 in).
The Bugatti Veyron has a total of 10 radiators.[12]
- 3 radiators for the engine cooling system.
- 1 heat exchanger for the air-to-liquid intercoolers.
- 2 for the air conditioning system.
- 1 transmission oil radiator.
- 1 differential oil radiator.
- 1 engine oil radiator.
- 1 hydraulic oil radiator for the spoiler
It has a drag coefficient of 0.36,[13] and a frontal area of 2.07 m2.[14] This gives it a CdA ft² value of 8.02.
Power
According to Volkswagen (and approved by TÜV Süddeutschland) the final production Veyron engine produces 1,001 PS (736 kW/987 hp) and 1,250 N·m (920 ft·lbf) of torque.[2] The horsepower figure is believed by some to actually be conservative, with the real total being 1001 or more.[15]
Top speed
Top speed was initially promised to be 407 km/h (253 mph) but test versions were unstable at that speed, forcing a redesign of the aerodynamics. In May 2005, a prototype Veyron tested at a Volkswagen track near Wolfsburg, Germany recorded an electronically limited top speed of 400 km/h (249 mph). In October 2005, Car and Driver magazine's editor Csaba Csere test drove the final production version of the Veyron for the November 2005 issue. This test, at Volkswagen's Ehra-Lessien test track, reached a top speed of 407.5 km/h (253.2 mph). The top speed was verified once again by James May on Top Gear, again at Volkswagen's private test track, when the car hit 407.9 km/h (253.5 mph), which equated to precisely one-third of the speed of sound at sea level. When getting close to the top speed during the test, May said that "the tires will only last for about fifteen minutes, but it's okay because the fuel runs out in twelve minutes." He also gave an indication of the power requirements, at constant 250 km/h (155 mph) the Veyron is using approximately 270 to 280 horsepower (200 to 210 kW)[16], but to get to its rated 407 km/h (253 mph) top speed required far more from the engine.
Aerodynamic friction or drag is proportional to the square of the speed; for example doubling speed quadruples drag. Work is a product of force applied over a distance travelled. Comparing a vehicle travelling at 160 km/h (99 mph) with one travelling at 320 km/h (200 mph), over a given time (e.g. 1 second), the faster vehicle must overcome 4 times the aerodynamic drag, and travel twice the distance of the slower one. Thus it does 8 times the work of the slower vehicle in that time. As power is work done in time taken it follows that the swifter vehicle, travelling at twice the speed requires 8 times the power of the slower one. German inspection officials recorded an average top speed of 408.47 km/h (253.8 mph)[3] during test sessions on the Ehra Lessien test track on 2005-04-19.
The car's everyday top speed is listed at 375 km/h (233 mph). When the car reaches 220 km/h (137 mph), hydraulics lower the car until it has a ground clearance of about 8.9 cm (3½ inches). At the same time, the wing and spoiler deploy. This is the "handling mode", in which the wing helps provide 3425 newtons (770 pounds) of downheft, holding the car to the road.[12] The driver must, using a special key (the "Top Speed Key"), toggle the lock to the left of his seat in order to attain the maximum (average) speed of 407 km/h (253 mph). The key functions only when the vehicle is at a stop when a checklist then establishes whether the car—and its driver—are ready to enable 'top speed' mode. If all systems are go, the rear spoiler retracts, the front air diffusers shut and the ground clearance, normally 12.5 cm (4.9 in.), drops to 6.5 cm (2.6 in.).
Acceleration
Bugatti claim that the Veyron has the greatest acceleration of any production car to date, reaching 97 km/h (60 mph) from a standstill in 2.46 seconds.[17] It reaches 100 km/h (62 mph) in approximately 2.5 seconds, which equates to an average acceleration of around 1.18 g. The car is greatly aided in achieving such times by the presence of a four-wheel drive system that permits the transmission of such great amounts of power in the initial stages of acceleration.
The Veyron reaches 200 and 300 km/h (124 and 186 mph) in 7.4 and 16.7 seconds respectively. According to the February 2007 issue of Road & Track magazine, the Veyron accomplished the quarter mile in 10.2 seconds at a speed of 142.9 mph (230.0 km/h).
Fuel consumption
The Veyron consumes more fuel than any other production car, using 40.4 L/100 km (6.99 mpg-imp/5.82 mpg-US) in city driving and 24.1 L/100 km (11.7 mpg-imp/9.76 mpg-US) in combined cycle. At full throttle, it uses more than 115 L/100 km (2.46 mpg-imp/2.05 mpg-US), which would empty its 100 L (22 imp gal/26 US gal) fuel tank in just 12 minutes.[18][19]
Braking
The Veyron's brakes use unique cross-drilled and turbine-vented carbon rotors which draw in cooling air to reduce fade. The front calipers have eight[12] titanium pistons and the rear calipers have six pistons. Bugatti claims maximum deceleration of 1.3 Gs on road tires. Prototypes have been subjected to repeated 1.0G braking from 194 to 50 MPH (312 to 80 km/h) without fade. With the car's acceleration from 50 to 194 MPH (80 to 312 km/h), that test can be performed every 22 seconds. At speeds above 124 MPH (200 km/h), the rear wing also acts as an airbrake, snapping to a 55-degree angle in 0.4 seconds once brakes are applied, providing 0.68 Gs (4.9 m/s²) of deceleration (equivalent to the stopping power of an ordinary hatchback).[12] Bugatti claims the Veyron will brake from 400 km/h (249 mph) to a standstill in less than 10 seconds.[12]
Final numbers
| Basic stats | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Vehicle | Mid-engine, all-wheel drive 2-door coupe | Base price | €1,100,100 (£850,000/$1,600,000) |
| Engine | Quad-turbocharged DOHC 64-valve W16 | Engine displacement | 7993 cc (488.8 in³) |
| Performance | |||
| Top speed | 408.47 km/h (253.81 mph) (average) | 0–100 km/h (62 mph) | 2.46 seconds[17] |
| 0–160 km/h (99 mph) | 5.5 seconds | 0–240 km/h (149 mph) | 9.8 seconds |
| 0–320 km/h (199 mph)[21] | 24.2 seconds | 0–400 km/h (249 mph)[22][23] | 53 seconds |
| Standing quarter-mile (402 m)[23] | 10.2 seconds at 230 km/h (143 mph) | ||
| Fuel economy[24] | |||
| EPA city driving | 7 miles per US gallon (3.0 km/l/8.4 mpg-imp) | EPA highway driving | 10 miles per US gallon (4.3 km/l/12 mpg-imp) |
| Top speed fuel economy | 3 miles per US gallon (1.3 km/l/3.6 mpg-imp) 1.39 gallons per minute | ||
Production figures
Critics and comments
Previews
Gordon Murray, designer of the McLaren F1 (which for many years was the fastest production car ever built) said the following about the Bugatti Veyron in UK auto magazine evo during its development period:
| “ | The most pointless exercise on the planet has got to be this four-wheel-drive 1,000 horsepower (750 kW) Bugatti. I think it’s incredibly childish this thing people have about just one element—top speed, standing kilometre or 0–60. It’s about as narrow minded as you can get as a car designer to pick on one element. It’s like saying we’re going to beat the original Mini because we’re going to make a car 10 mph (16 km/h) faster on its top speed—but it's two feet longer and 200 kilos heavier. That’s not car designing—that just reeks of a company who are paranoid... | ” |
However, Murray was impressed with the Veyron after he test drove one although still apprehensive about it in an article he wrote for Road and Track magazine.[27]
Reviews
After the car had reached production, Murray went on to write an article for another UK auto magazine, Top Gear, retracting a lot of his past criticism of the car.
| “ | One really good thing, and I simply never expected this, is that it does change direction. It hardly feels its weight. Driving it on a circuit I expected a sack of cement, but you can really throw it at the tight chicanes. | ” |
He also declared in the article that "The braking is phenomenal. ... And the primary ride and body control are impressive too" and "It's a huge achievement."
The trend of backtracking on negative comments about the Veyron continued when prominent UK car show host Jeremy Clarkson declared on Top Gear that it was "The best car ever made" after initially saying it was ridiculous and would never exist.[28] In his Times Online review, his conclusion is that "[The Bugatti Veyron] is a triumph for lunacy over common sense, a triumph for man over nature and a triumph for Volkswagen over absolutely every other car maker in the world".[29]
The Veyron was proclaimed the Top Gear Magazine Car of the Year for 2005 along with the Toyota Aygo, Peugeot 107, and Citroën C1. The Veyron was also declared the Grand Award winner for the Autotech category of 2006 by Popular Science magazine.
Top Gear also managed to get it on the track for a power lap in 2008. Surprisingly, it was only fifth on the Power Lap board, getting round the track in 1.18.3, which was 1.2 seconds slower than the car at the top - the Gumpert Apollo. It initially placed fourth, but was subsequently pushed down the board by the new Pagani Zonda Roadster F, which was tested immediately after on the same episode. Its track time can be attributed to its weight (the Veyron has a listed curb weight 750kg higher than any of the cars that posted a faster lap time and 930kg more than the Gumpert) being too high to post a board-topping time, despite the enormous power.
References
- Jeremy Clarkson Review Timesonline.co.uk
- Ray Hutton (2005). "Inside Château Bugatti". Car and Driver 50 (11): 112–118.
- "Bugatti's Veyron back on test track". Auto Week. Archived from the original on 2005-11-22. Retrieved on May 12, 2005.
- Csaba Csere (2005). "Bugatti Veyron 16.4". Car and Driver 51.
- MPH Magazine's take on the Veyron
- bugattipage.com/ride
- Bugatti Veyron - Technic im Detail (in German)
- Official Specifications by Bugatti
- Bugatti EB Veyron 16.4 on Xelopolis.com
- Bugatti Veyron news
- Speed Record Lost
Citations
- ↑ "Skoda Auto". Skoda a.s.. Retrieved on 2007-12-17.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 bugatti.com: "2.5 – 7.3 – 16.7 – 55.6"—official acceleration and engine specs
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 bugatti.com: 400 and Beyond
- ↑ "Bugatti Veyron: Second $2 Million Bugatti Veyron Crashes, This Time Into British Wheat Field". Jalopnik.com. Retrieved on 2008-10-27.
- ↑ "bugatti.com: The Bugatti EB 16.4 Veyron “Pur Sang”". Archived from the original on 2007-10-11.
- ↑ "Bugatti Veyron Pur Sang: pure blooded exclusivity".
- ↑ bugatti.com: Cooperation between Hermès and Bugatti
- ↑ Posted Aug 28th 2008 12:59PM by Noah JosephFiled under: Supercars, Bugatti, Brabus, Special/Limited Editions. "Bugatti releases new palette for Veyron Hermes - Autoblog". Autoblog.com. Retrieved on 2008-10-27.
- ↑ Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Grand Sport roadster revealed
- ↑ Monterey 2008: First Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Grand Sport auctioned for $3.19 million
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 "John Phillips, Molsheim Moonshine, Car and Driver, Dec. 2008". Retrieved on 2008-11-14.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 Adams, Eric (2006), "Inside a Street-Legal Land Rocket", Popular Science 269 (6): 73
- ↑ "the Bugatti Page: Bugatti Veyron driving experience". Bugattipage.com. Retrieved on 2008-10-27.
- ↑ "Telegraph | Picture Gallery | BUGATTI VEYRON". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved on 2008-10-27.
- ↑ "Car and Driver Road Test"
- ↑ bugatti.com: Masterful Technology
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Autocar Magazine: Bugatti Veyron Road Test
- ↑ Top Gear Series 9 Episode 2 4 February 2007 James May: Getting close to the maximum, which means the tires will only last for 15 minutes. But that's okay, because the fuel will run out in 12 minutes!
- ↑ BBCWorldwide, YouTube. Top Gear - Bugatti Veyron top speed test - BBC (April 14, 2008)
- ↑ "Bugatti Veyron 16.4 - - Car and Driver - November 2005". Caranddriver.com. Retrieved on 2008-10-27.
- ↑ "Hennessey Viper beats Veyron in 0-200 dash". Autoblog.com.
- ↑ "Bugatti Veyron | Sports Cars". Diseno-art.com. Retrieved on 2008-10-27.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 "ROADandTRACK.com - Cover Story - Road Test: Bugatti Veyron 16.4 (2/2007)". Roadandtrack.com. Retrieved on 2008-10-27.
- ↑ Model 1 Vehicle Characteristics
- ↑ Automobil Revue, catalogue edition 2006, p. 46
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 Automobil Revue, catalogue edition 2008, p. 47
- ↑ "ROADandTRACK.com - Road Tests, Comparison Tests - Technical Analysis: Anatomy of a Supercar (1/2006)". Roadandtrack.com. Retrieved on 2008-10-27.
- ↑ Jeremy Clarkson. "Jeremy Clarkson Bugatti Veyron review | Driving - Times Online". Driving.timesonline.co.uk. Retrieved on 2008-10-27.
- ↑ Jeremy Clarkson. "Jeremy Clarkson Bugatti Veyron review | Driving - Times Online". Driving.timesonline.co.uk. Retrieved on 2008-10-27.
External links
| Preceded by Koenigsegg CCR |
Fastest street-legal production car 408.47 km/h (253.81 mph) (2005–2007) |
Succeeded by SSC Ultimate Aero TT |
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