Yang di-Pertua Negeri
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Yang di-Pertua Negeri, literally the "head of state" in Malay, is the official title of the (largely symbolic) State Governors of the Malaysian states of Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak, who are appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong or King of Malaysia.
Before 1976, the heads of state of Penang, Malacca and Sarawak were titled Governor in English and Yang di-Pertua Negeri in Malay, whereas the head of state of Sabah was titled Yang di-Pertua Negara in both languages. Singapore had a Yang di-Pertuan Negara when it gained self-government under British sovereignty in 1959. The title was used by the state governor while Singapore was a part of Malaysia until 1965, when it left Malaysia to become an independent republic. Since 1976 the heads of state of Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak have been titled Yang di-Pertua Negeri in both languages.
In present day usage negeri and negara mean "state (sub-national)" and "state (country)" respectively, though the word negeri was formerly used indiscriminately. The distinction between Yang di-Pertua and Yang di-Pertuan is finer, but present usage is somewhat like the English words "head" and "ruler".
Contents |
[edit] List of Yang di-Pertua Negeri
[edit] Malacca
- Tun Leong Yew Koh (31 August 1957 - 31 August 1963)
- Tun Haji Abdul Malek bin Yusuf (31 August 1963 - 30 August 1971)
- Tun Haji Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Majid (31 August 1971 - 9 May 1975)
- Tun Syed Zahiruddin bin Syed Hassan (23 May 1975 – 30 November 1984
- Tun Datuk Seri Utama Syed Ahmad Al-Haj bin Syed Mahmud Shahabudin (4 December 1984 – 3 June 2004)
- Tun Datuk Seri Utama Mohd Khalil bin Yaakob (4 June 2004 - present)
[edit] Penang
- 1957 - 1967 Raja Tun Uda Al-Haj Bin Raja Muhammad
- 1967 - 1969 Tun Tan Sri Syed Sheh bin Syed Abdullah Shahabudin
- 1969 - 1975 Tun Tan Sri Syed Sheh Al-Haj bin Syed Hassan Barakbah
- 1975 - 1981 Tun Tan Sri Dato' Seri Dato' Haji Sardon bin Haji Jubir
- 1981 - 1989 Tun Datuk Dr. Haji Awang bin Hassan
- 1989 - 2001 Tun Tan Sri Datuk (Dr.) Haji Hamdan bin Sheikh Tahir
- 2001 - present Tun Dato' Seri Haji Abdul Rahman bin Haji Abbas
[edit] Sabah
- 1963 - 1965 Tun Datu Mustapha bin Datu Harun
- 1965 - 1973 Tun Pengiran Ahmad Raffae
- 1973 - 1975 Tun Fuad Stephens
- 1975 - 1978 Tun Mohd Hamdan (formerly Datuk Indan Kari)
- 1978 - 1979 Tun Ahmad Koroh
- 1979 - 1987 Tun Datuk Mohamad Adnan Robert
- 1987 - 1994 Tun Mohd Said bin Keruak
- 1995 - 2002 Tun Sakaran bin Dandai
- 2003 - present Tun Ahmadshah bin Abdullah
[edit] Sarawak
| Name | Took Office | Left Office |
|---|---|---|
| Tun Abang Haji Openg | 1963 | 1969 |
| Tun Tuanku Bujang Tuanku Othman | 1969 | 1977 |
| Tun Abang Muhammad Salahuddin | 1977 | 1981 |
| Tun Abdul Rahman Ya'kub | 1981 | 1985 |
| Tun Ahmad Zaidi Adruce | 1985 | 2000 |
| Tun Abang Muhammad Salahuddin | 2001 | Incumbent |
