Winchester Short Magnum
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Winchester Short Magnum, or WSM, refers to a "family" of cartridges developed in the early 2000s by the U.S. Repeating Arms Company, the maker of Winchester rifles and one of the oldest firearms manufacturers in the United States. All of the WSM cartridges are based on the .404 Jeffery non-belted magnum cartridge which is shortened to fit a short rifle action (such as a .308 Winchester).
USRAC used the same concept and the same base case in creating its even shorter Winchester Super Short Magnum cartridges, three of which were introduced in 2003 and 2004.
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[edit] Influences
[edit] 7.21 Lazzeroni
The WSM family was inspired partially by a family of proprietary short magnum cartridges developed by John Lazzeroni, derived from a previous line of magnum cartridges he had created. Lazzeroni's short magnums (7.21 Lazzeroni Fireball and Tomahawk) were designed to operate in a short-action rifle, instead of requiring a long action. The U.S. Repeating Arms Company was the first major manufacturer to commercialize Lazzeroni's concept, followed shortly thereafter by Remington with their "Short Action Ultra Mag" line.
[edit] 6 mm Benchrest
Another influence was a series of 6 mm cartridges developed for bench-rest target shooting competitions in the 1970s. The idea behind these cartridges was that a short, fat cartridge would be more "efficient" than the traditional long, narrow cartridge, as more of the powder column would be in the immediate vicinity of the primer as it detonated. In turn, this would mean that a cartridge of this type would be able to propel a bullet at speeds comparable to those of "magnum" cartridges of the same caliber using significantly less powder.
[edit] Dimensions
The dimensions of the basic case are:
- Rim diameter (at base): .535 in. (13.59 mm)
- Outside diameter (at base): .555 in. (14.10 mm)
- Inside diameter (of case): .538 in. (13.67 mm)
- Maximum case length: 2.10 in. (53.34 mm)
The WSM family of cartridges are Delta L problem cartridges, meaning they can present unexpected chambering and/or feeding problems. The Delta L problem article explains this problem in more detail.
[edit] Variants
The 300 WSM was the first of the new class of short magnums to see wide use. All of the WSM cartridges released to date have proven popular for thin-skinned game up to the size of elk and African plains game.
The cartridges in this family are, in order of development:
| Name | Year of development | Bullet diameter |
|---|---|---|
| 300 WSM | 2001 | .308 in. (7.823 mm) |
| 7 mm WSM | 2002 | .284 in. (7.214 mm) |
| 270 WSM | 2002 | .277 in. (7.036 mm) |
| 325 WSM | 2005 | .323 in. (8.204 mm) |
The .325 WSM is an excellent cartridge for elk, bison and similar big game. The .325 WSM has proven in actual hunting to have tremendous shock power and has resulted in one shot stops of Roosevelt Elk, bison and bear.[citation needed]
