Winchcombe Pottery
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Winchcombe Pottery, near Winchcombe in Northern Gloucestershire, is one of the oldest and best known craft potteries in the Western World. Founded by Michael Cardew, built on an historic pottery site, it has produced high quality handmade pottery since 1926. Initially, slipware was made but in the '60s a transition was made to stoneware.
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[edit] The early history
From 1800 (and probably earlier) there has been a pottery on the current site in Greet just one mile North of Winchcombe, which continued until 1914 when the outbreak of the Great War caused its closure. It its later years this was known as Greet Potteries under the management of R A Beckett (who died in 1913) and produced a range of farmhouse ware, or as said in advertisement of the time "Garden, Sea-Cale, Rhubarb, & Chimney Pots". The pottery did not restart again after the 1st World War .
Bernard Leach is credited with restarting craftsman pottery in Britain in 1920. One of his early students was Michael Cardew who, at 25, was looking for a suitable site for his own pottery and in 1926 rented the old pottery buildings. Influencing his choice were the availability of local clay and the original bottle kiln. Cardew recruited two locals, critically Elijah Comfort, aged 63 and who had worked before in the pottery, and inspirationally, in 1927, Sidney Tustin (aged 13).
Cardew wanted people to use his pottery in regular daily use, as has been the tradition in early centuries. He followed the classic English slipware style using the red earthenware Winchcombe clay. After a difficult star and many trials, he managed to start slipware production. Experiments with firing the pots in the bottle kiln were eventually successful. For the produce of three men, the bottle kiln was really to large but it was what they had. A firing went on for three days. Gradually Cardew's skills and hard work were recognised. In 1935 he had one of his pots exhibited in the Victoria and Albert Museum. In 1935 the team was expanded to include Charlie, Sid's younger brother. A young chemist called Ray Finch tried to join the pottery staff in 1935 but was sent away by Cardew to gain some pottery experience. Finch returned in 1936, aged 22, and was able to convince Cardew that he now knew enough and he joined the team.
Cardew was a restless spirit and left to set up Wenford Bridge in Bodmin as his new pottery, leaving Finch to run Winchcombe Pottery. The 2nd World War caused the Tustin brothers to be called up and the bottle kiln was now too large. A small kiln was constructed in 1940. In 1943, Finch was called up and the pottery closed.
[edit] The post war years
In 1946 Finch bought the business off Cardew and restarted the pottery with the help of Sid. The staff expanded and at last the bottle kiln was seeing proper usage. Students joined the pottery staff to learn the craft as they worked and many of them subsequently went on to be established potters in their own right. But the business was not as successful as hoped and in the early 1950s, the pottery was downsized. The last bottle kiln firing took place in 1954.
Finch had always been inspired by the Japanese potter Shoji Hamada, and starting experiments with stoneware in 1952. A new stoneware kiln was built and slipware production continued using electric kilns until 1964 when all production switched to stoneware. In 1974 a wood fired kiln was built to replace the oil fired kiln for stoneware production and is still in use.
Two of Ray Finch's sons followed their father's career. Mike Finch runs Winchcombe Pottery and Joe Finch runs his own pottery in Wales. Ray Finch, now in his nineties, still works full time at the pottery.
[edit] Location
The pottery is situated one mile North of Winchcombe on the Broadway road (B4632).
Further details can be found on the pottery website.
[edit] Further references:
Books:
Winchcombe Pottery - The Cardew-Finch Tradition (ISBN: 1873487088)
A Pioneer Potter - The biography of Michael Cardew (ISBN: 0192826417)
Ray Finch Craftsman Potter of the Modern Age: A Collection of Essays and Contributions by John Edgeler (ISBN-10: 0955031516)
Sid Tustin Winchcombe Potter: A Celebration by Ron Wheeler and John Edgeler (ISBN-10: 0955031508)
Online resources:
Obituary of Sydney Tustin: The backbone of the Winchcombe Pottery for 50 years - http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,60-1876625,00.html
Website:
