William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby
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William II de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby, [c.1168–c.1247] was a favourite of King John of England. He succeeded to the estate (but not the title) upon the death of his father at the Siege of Acre in 1190. He was head of a family which controlled a large part of Derbyshire which included an area known as Duffield Frith.
He adopted his father's allegiance to King Richard as the reigning king. On Richard's return from the Third Crusade, in the company of Earl David Ceannmhor and the Earl of Chester he played a leading role in besieging Nottingham Castle, on the 28th March 1194, which was being held by supporters of John Lackland. For seven weeks after this he held the position of Sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire. [1]
On the accession of John after the death of his brother, in 1199, William gave him his allegiance, and became a great favourite. He restored to the Ferrars' family the title of Earl of Derby, along with the right to the "third penny", and soon afterwards bestowed upon him the manors of Ashbourne and Wirksworth, with the whole of that wapentake, subject to a fee farm rent of £70 per annum. [2]
When, in 1213, John surrendered his kingdoms of England and Ireland to the Pope, William was one of the witnesses to the "Bulla Aurea." In the following year William gave surety on behalf of the king for the payment of a yearly tribute of 1,000 marks.
In the same year, 1214, the King granted the Earl the royal castle of Harestan (Horsley Castle). William was a patron of at least 2 abbeys and 4 priories. In 1216, John made him bailiff of the Peak Forest and warden of the Peak Castle Peveril Castle.
In that year, John was succeeded by the nine year-old Henry III. Because of continuing discontent about John's violations of the Magna Carta, some of the barons had approached Prince Louis of France who invaded in that year. William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke acting on behalf the young King sought to repel the invaders and pacify the barons. His forces with the assistance of de Ferrers, the Earl of Chester and others, defeated the rebels at the siege of Lincoln.
De Ferrers was allowed to retain the royal castles of Bolsover, Peak and Horston (Horsley until the King's 14th birthday. The last named had been given him in 1215 as a residence for his wife, during its planned absence with the King on Crusade. [3] and the Earl was among those who made representation to the King, which would in 1258 led to the Provisions of Oxford .
Henry reached his fourteenth birthday in 1222 and his administration sought to recover the three royal castles, to de Ferrers indignation. (In 1254 they would pass to Edward, Henry's son, exacerbating Robert, the sixth's earl's resentment against the prince.) [4]
He was married to Agnes De Kevelioch, sister of Ranulph de Blondeville, 4th Earl of Chester, for 55 years. As the Earl advanced in years he became a martyr to severe attacks of the gout, a disease which terminated his life in the year 1247. He was succeeded by his elder son, also William, the Fifth Earl of Derby.
[edit] Family and children
- William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby
- Sibyl (or Agnes) de Ferrers, married Sir John Vespont[1], Lord of Appleby and had issue.
- Sir Thomas of Chartley Ferrers
- Sir Hugh of Bugbrooke Ferrers (married and had issue)
[edit] References
- ^ See High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and the Royal Forests.
- ^ Bland, W., 1887 Duffield Castle: A lecture at the Temperance Hall, Wirksworth Derbyshire Advertiser
- ^ Turbutt, G., (1999) A History of Derbyshire. Volume 2: Medieval Derbyshire, Cardiff: Merton Priory Press
- ^ J. R. Maddicott, 'Ferrers, Robert de, sixth earl of Derby (c. 1239–1279)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [ accessed 28 Oct 2007]
[edit] External Links
| Peerage of England | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by William I de Ferrers |
Earl of Derby 1168–1247 |
Succeeded by William III de Ferrers |
