William Adam (MP)
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William Adam, KC (2 August 1751 – 17 February 1839) was a Scottish Member of Parliament (MP) in the British Parliament and subsequently a Judge. He was the only surviving son of John Adam, architect and master mason to the Board of Ordnance in Scotland. His political career was affected by his father's periodic financial problems, as sometimes the family had substantial wealth and sometimes it was in difficulties, forcing Adam to concentrate his attention on his legal practice.
He was educated at Edinburgh University and Christ Church, Oxford. He joined Lincoln's Inn in 1769, to qualify as an English barrister. He became a Scottish advocate in 1773 and was eventually called to the English bar in 1782.
Adam represented a number of constituencies in Parliament. He was MP for Gatton 1774–1780. He represented Wigtown Burghs 1780–1784. He was a Treasury nominee for that seat, as a supporter of Lord North. He moved to another Scottish Burgh seat Elgin Burghs 1784–1790. In 1790–1794 he sat for Ross-shire. His last Parliamentary seat was Kincardineshire, which he represented from 1806 until he became a Judge in January 1812.
Adam took a very hard line on American issues in the early part of his political career. He was critical of his future political leader Lord North for being too conciliatory before the outbreak of fighting. However, after pursuing an independent course up to 25 November 1779 he then announced in the House of Commons that he was now going to support Lord North. After that he became a loyal friend and defender of North.
Adam particularly disliked the leading opposition figure Charles James Fox. At one stage they fought a duel. He also attacked Fox verbally in Parliament.
Adam was appointed to the minor political office of Treasurer of the Ordnance. He held this office twice, first between September 1780 and May 1782 and again April–December 1783.
On 17–18 February 1783, Adam spoke and voted against peace with the United States. After that, despite his past animosity to Charles James Fox, Adam advocated the Fox-North Coalition as the only way to stop Lord North's party becoming politically irrelevant.
Adam was active in gathering detailed information about the Scottish constituencies to help his political associates.
Thereafter Adam was less involved in politics as he developed his career at the English bar. Through his friendship with the Prince of Wales he was appointed Solicitor General (1802–1805) and then Attorney General to the Prince (1805–1806). From 1806–1815 he was Chancellor of the Duchy of Cornwall, another office in the gift of the Prince.
Adam was Lord Lieutenant of Kinross-shire from 1802 until his death. He became a friend of Sir Walter Scott. In 1812 he published Vitruvius Scoticus, a collection of his grandfather William Adam's architectural projects, which the elder William had first initiated in 1727.[1]
During the Regency of the Prince of Wales, Adam received judicial office in Scotland. Between 1814–1819 he was a Baron of the Scottish Court of Exchequer. Adam became a member of the Privy Council on 17 March 1815. He became Lord Chief Commissioner of the Scottish jury court from 1815 until his death.
[edit] Family
On 7 May, 1777, William Adam married Eleanora Elphinstone (d. 4 February 1800), daughter of Charles, 10th Lord Elphinstone. They had six children:
- John (4 May 1779–4 June 1825), civil servant of the Honourable East India Company, served as acting Governor-General of India in 1823.
- Charles (6 October 1780–16 Sept. 1853), Admiral in the Royal Navy, MP,
- William George (6 December 1781–16 May 1839), lawyer.
- Frederick (17 June 1784–17 August 1853), General in the British Army, Governor of Madras 1832–37.
- Francis James (24 March 1791–8 June 1820)
- Clementina (d. 29 October 1877), married on 27 April, 1807, John Anstruther–Thomson, DL, of Charleton, Fife.[2]
[edit] Notes
- ^ Colvin, Howard (1978) A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600-1840, John Murray, p.56
- ^ "Adam, of Blair Adam", in Burke's Landed Gentry of Scotland, pp.3-4. Retrieved on 2007-09-03.
[edit] References
- History of Parliament: House of Commons 1754-1790, by Sir Lewis Namier and James Brooke (Sidgwick & Jackson 1964)
- Leigh Rayment's Peerage Page
| Parliament of Great Britain | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Sir William Mayne, Bt Robert Scott |
Member of Parliament for Gatton with Robert Mayne 1774–1780 |
Succeeded by Robert Mayne The Lord Newhaven |
| Preceded by Henry Watkin Dashwood |
Member of Parliament for Wigtown 1780–1784 |
Succeeded by William Dalrymple |
| Preceded by Staats Long Morris |
Member of Parliament for Elgin Burghs 1784–1790 |
Succeeded by Alexander Brodie |
| Preceded by Francis Mackenzie |
Member of Parliament for Ross-shire 1790–1794 |
Succeeded by Francis Mackenzie |
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
| Preceded by John Wishart Stuart |
Member of Parliament for Kincardineshire 1806–1812 |
Succeeded by George Harley Drummond |
| Preceded by George Abercromby |
Member of Parliament for Clackmannanshire and Kinross-shire 1807 |
Succeeded by David Clephane |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by Thomas Manners-Sutton |
Solicitor-General of the Duchy of Cornwall 1802–1805 |
Succeeded by Joseph Jekyll |
| Preceded by Vicary Gibbs |
Attorney-General of the Duchy of Cornwall 1805–1806 |
Succeeded by William Garrow |
| Preceded by Thomas Erskine |
Chancellor of the Duchy of Cornwall 1806–1815 |
Succeeded by John Leach |
| Military offices | ||
| Preceded by John Ross Mackye |
Treasurer of the Ordnance 1780–1782 |
Succeeded by William Smith |
| Preceded by William Smith |
Treasurer of the Ordnance 1783 |
Succeeded by William Smith |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by Unknown |
Lord Lieutenant of Kinross-shire 1802–1839 |
Succeeded by Unknown |
