Wikipedia:WikiProject User scripts/Guide/Ajax
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[edit] XMLHttpRequest
Usual approach for creating cross-browser XMLHttpRequest object is
if (window.XMLHttpRequest) ... else if (window.ActiveXObject) ...
.
However, built-in ajax.js already has this code, so userscripts can simply use
xmlhttp = sajax_init_object()
[edit] Data sources
[edit] api.php
See mw:API. Usually used with JSON format.
[edit] query.php
See User:Yurik/Query_API. This is older verison of API, can be used for some queries not yet implemented in API. Some Javascript examples can be found at User:Yurik/Query_API/User_Manual#JavaScript. As of early 2008, query.php was soon to be obsoleted: [1].
[edit] HTML
You could fetch the whole article page or use &action=render
URL parameter to get the content without all the menus (example). Also see Parameters to index.php.
The result you could treat as a text but it's usually convenient to parse it as HTML document, e.g. using DOMParser object (examples needed).
[edit] Wiki code
To get the wiki code you use &action=raw
URL parameter (example).
The result you treat as a text.
[edit] Preview
Sometimes you might want to use preview. For example, Special:Prefixindex won't work with &action=render
. To get rid of the unnecessary menus you could submit {{Special:Prefixindex/somepage}} for a preview and get a "clean" list (nevertheless, it's better to use API for prefix index)
[edit] Implementations
[edit] Mediawiki
- ajax.js - some support functions
- ajaxwatch.js - watch/unwatch
- upload.js - licenses preview on Special:Upload
AjaxFunctions.php has 2 main functions:
- wfAjaxWatch - server part of ajaxwatch.js
- wfSajaxSearch - disabled on WMF projects. If it was enabled, ajaxsearch.js would be responsible for the client side. Also see mw:Manual:$wgAjaxSearch.
Another disabled feature is Live preview (preview.js)
[edit] Userscripts
- Simple library for Ajax editing: simpleajax
- Ajax preview: qPreview
- Ajax search: Auto Complete (Firefox only), uses query.php
- Ajax unwatch from watchlist: wlUnwatch
- Tools/Navigation popups
- Twinkle (some code in User:AzaToth/morebits.js, and good examples of AJAX are in the bottom of User:AzaToth/twinklespeedy.js)
[edit] Misc
Some alternatives to XMLHttpRequest:
- IFrame: almost nobody uses this, but if you're interested, here's a small library: User:TheFearow/ajax.js (Warning: Untested)
- URL actions: this is not Ajax at all, but this method is also widely used for one-click-do-all scripts. 1st part of the script goes to another page using additional "dummy" URL parameters (not recognized and so ignored by Mediawiki). 2nd part of the script analyzes that URL and then does something. Because of the way MediaWiki redirects after edits, cookies may also be used to transfer data and instructions. An example library (unmaintaned) can be found at User:Lupin/autoedit.js