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Welcome to the '''British crime WikiProject''' on the [[English Wikipedia]]! We are a [[WikiPedia:WikiProject|group]] dedicated to improving Wikipedia's coverage of topics related to [[crime in Great Britain]].
; Goals
:* To organise and generally improve all articles relating to British crime.
:* To more effectively assist in the catagorization of British crime related articles.
:* To provide guidelines and recommendations for articles that describe all aspects of crime in within the United Kingdom.
:* To improve Wikipedia's coverage of British criminal history by creating, expanding, and maintaining such articles.
:* To serve as the central point of discussion for issues related to British crime in Wikipedia.
; Scope
: The project generally considers ''any'' article related to British crime or modern-day criminology (as well as Britain's involvement in international crime related organizations) to be within its scope. The hope of this collaborative effort hopes in part to organise and generally improve all pages relating to British crime. If you are in any way interested in starting or joining in this project please add your name below.
: Our primary work is concentrated in a number of broad areas:
:* Criminal conflicts, including gang wars, police operations, government investigations, and prominent court cases.
:* Prominent criminals, including both high profile criminals and common soldiers, as well as other people involved in crime.
:* Criminal organizations, such as crime syndicates or street gangs.
:* British criminology, including prominent detectives, criminologists and their works.
; Structure
: Internally, the project has developed several structural features to help in managing its extensive work:
:* [[#Coordinators|Coordinators]], who are responsible for maintaining the administrative aspects of the project.
:* [[#Departments|Departments]], which coordinate work on certain specialized tasks, such as article assessment, peer review, or project-wide collaboration.
:* [[#Task forces|Task forces]], which are more informal groups for collaboration on specific areas of British crime, such as particular periods or regions.
== Announcements and open tasks ==
{{WPBRITCRIME Announcements}}
== Guidelines ==
The [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|guidelines]] presented in this section are intended to be guidelines only; while they are well-suited for the vast majority of military history articles, there exist a number of peculiar cases where, for lack of a better solution, alternate approaches have been taken. These exceptions are often the result of protracted negotiation; if something seems unusual or out-of-place, it may be worthwhile to ask before attempting to change it, as there might reasons for the oddity that are not immediately obvious!
=== Naming conventions ===
==== Military conflicts ====
{{details|Wikipedia:Naming conventions (events)}}
An article should generally be placed at the most common name used to refer to the event (e.g. [[Battle of Gettysburg]], [[Siege of Leningrad]], [[Attack on Pearl Harbor]], or [[Doolittle Raid]]). If there is no common name, the name should be a descriptive geographic term such as "Battle of X" or "Siege of Y" (where X and Y are the locations of the operations). [[WP:NPOV|Non-neutral]] terms such as "attack", "slaughter", "massacre", or "raid" should be used with care.
If disambiguation is needed, the year may be added in parentheses (e.g. [[Battle of Salamis in Cyprus (306 BC)]]). Two battles at the same place in the same year should be called "First", "Second", and so forth (e.g. [[First Battle of Zurich]] and [[Second Battle of Zurich]]).
===== Operational codenames =====
Operational codenames generally make poor titles, as the codename gives no indication of when or where the battle took place and only represents one side's planning (potentially causing the article to focus on that side's point of view to the detriment of the other). It is better to use an appropriate geographical name for the article, creating a redirect from the operational name. This can be ignored for the most well-known operations (e.g. [[Operation Barbarossa]]), but note that even [[Operation Overlord]] redirects to [[Battle of Normandy]].
==== Additional conventions ====
There are a number of miscellaneous naming conventions external to the project which are applicable to the articles in its scope. The most relevant ones are as follows:
* [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (aircraft)|Aircraft]]
* [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (military units)|Military units]] (draft form only)
* [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (military vehicles)|Military vehicles]] (proposed)
* [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (missiles and unguided rockets)|Missiles and unguided rockets]] (proposed)
* [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (ships)|Ships]]
==== Category names ====
A number of naming conventions exist specifically for category names; most of these are used to ensure consistent naming among all the sub-categories of a particular category.
; "X by country" : In most cases, sub-categories of a category named "X by country" take names of the form "X of [the] Y", where Y is the most common name of the country in question.
:* [[:Category:Battles by country]] → "Battles of [the] Y" (e.g. [[:Category:Battles of France]])
:* [[:Category:Military by country]] → "Military of [the] Y" (e.g. [[:Category:Military of Russia]])
:* [[:Category:Military history by country]] → "Military history of [the] Y" (e.g. [[:Category:Military history of the United States]])
:* [[:Category:Military operations by country]] → "Military operations of [the] Y" (e.g. [[:Category:Military operations of Germany]])
:* [[:Category:Military units and formations by country]] → "Military units and formations of [the] Y" (e.g. [[:Category:Military units and formations of the United Kingdom]])
:* [[:Category:Wars by country]] → "Wars of [the] Y" (e.g. [[:Category:Wars of the Ottoman Empire]])
:Note that the subsidiary "by branch" categories for topics such as military units or personnel follow the same convention, with the full branch name replacing the country name (e.g. [[:Category:Military units and formations of the United States Army]]).
; "X by era" : In most cases, sub-categories of a category named "X by era" take names of the form "Y X", where Y is the name of the era of warfare in question.
:* [[:Category:Battles by era]] → "Y battles" (e.g. [[:Category:Medieval battles]])
:* [[:Category:Military units and formations by era]] → "Y military units and formations" (e.g. [[:Category:Ancient military units and formations]])
; "X by war" : In most cases, sub-categories of a category named "X by war" take names of the form "X of [the] Y", where Y is the most common name of the war in question.
:* [[:Category:Battles by war]] → "Battles of [the] Y" or "Battles and operations of [the] Y" (e.g. [[:Category:Battles of the Hundred Years' War]])
:* [[:Category:Military units and formations by war]] → "Military units and formations of [the] Y" (e.g. [[:Category:Military units and formations of the American Civil War]])
; "X by size" : This category tree is used primarily for military units and formations; sub-categories take the name "Y", where Y is the size in question (e.g. [[:Category:Military units and formations by size]] → [[:Category:Regiments]], [[:Category:Corps]], etc.).
; "X by type" : In most cases, sub-categories of a category named "X by type" take names of the form "Y X", where Y describes the type in question.
:* [[:Category:Battles by type]] → "Y battles" (e.g. [[:Category:Naval battles]])
:* [[:Category:Military units and formations by type]] → "Y units and formations" (e.g. [[:Category:Airborne units and formations]])
:Note that this form of category tree tends to exhibit more varied naming than the others. For example, [[:Category:Battles by type]] also includes the non-standard [[:Category:Sieges]] (since "Siege battles" would be a cumbersome name).
; Intersection categories : The names of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history#Intersection categories|intersection categories]] generally follow the same conventions as above, with any components used being clustered in the following order:
:# Era (omitted if a war is indicated)
:# Type
:# Size
:# Country or branch
:# War (changed from "of [the] X" to "in [the] X" when a country or branch is also indicated)
: This produces, for example, "Early Modern naval battles" (era and type) and "Airborne regiments of the United States Army in World War II" (type, size, branch, and war).
=== Notability ===
==== Biographies ====
The following types of military figures are ''always'' notable:
* Recipients of a country's highest military decoration.
* People who commanded an army or a significant part of an army in combat.
* Holders of top-level command positions (e.g. [[Chief of the General Staff]]).
* People who are the primary topic of one or more published secondary works.
If a military figure does not meet any of the above, the following criteria can be used as a guide in determining notability; anyone meeting them is ''probably'' notable:
* Recipients of significant military decorations.
* People who have non-trivial mention in one or more published secondary works (family history and genealogies excluded).
Any person that meets the criteria below is probably ''not'' notable:
* People who are only mentioned in genealogical records or family histories; or traceable only through primary documents.
=== Article structure ===
The guidelines in this section are intended to serve as a starting point for writing a good article; they are not meant to enforce a single structure on all articles, nor to limit the topics an article will discuss.
==== War ====
The opening paragraph (or lead section) should concisely convey:
# The name of the war (including alternate names).
# When did it happen?
# Who fought in it?
# Why did it happen?
# What was the outcome?
# What was its significance, if any?
The article can be structured along these lines:
# The historical background to the conflict, including preceding conflicts, the political situation, military preparedness, and technology.
# The causes of the conflict.
# The trigger, if notable. For example, the murder of [[Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria]] triggered a sequence of events that led to [[World War I]]. Take care to distinguish a trigger or pretext from the underlying causes that allowed the event to trigger a war.
# A summary of the conflict. When a war is large, it can often be divided into phases, geographic regions ("theaters"), or naval and land campaigns. Don't describe individual battles in detail; refer to a separate article on the battle and just explain the result of the battle and its consequences for the war.
# How the war came to an end. What treaties were signed, and what were their conditions?
# What were the consequences of the war? Who did it affect? What happened next? Did the war lead to peace or to further wars? Were countries conquered or liberated? Were there significant advances in tactics or technology?
==== Battle ====
The opening paragraph (or lead section in a longer article) should concisely convey:
# The name of the battle (including alternate names).
# When did it happen?
# Where did it happen?
# Which war or campaign does it belong to?
# Who were the combatants?
# What was its outcome or significance?
The article can be structured along these lines:
# The background. Why did it take place? Which campaign did it belong to? What happened previously?
# The prelude. What forces were involved? How did they arrive at the battleground? Was there a plan?
# A description of the battle. What tactics were used?
# The aftermath. Who won, if anyone? What were the casualties? Was there a pursuit or followup? What happened next? How did the battle affect the course of the war?
===== Summaries in other articles =====
Because of the key role the discussion of individual battles plays in military historiography, it is often useful to summarize information about a particular battle in an article of broader scope (such as one discussing a war or military leader). In such cases, the bulk of the material should be in the article on the battle itself; the summary in the external article should be trimmed to one or two paragraphs that concisely present the following:
# Why did the battle take place? Who was attacking and who was defending? Why was it worth fighting the battle instead of avoiding it; what was at stake?
# What was the troop strength of each side and approximate composition of the forces?
# Who won, and how decisive a victory was it? Were there any important personages that were captured, wounded, or killed? What was the impact of the battle on the overall campaign?
# Were there any notable strategies or tactics that make this more than just one of many battles? Were there any brilliant moves or notable errors that contributed to the outcome of the battle?
==== Unit or formation ====
The opening paragraph (or lead section) should concisely convey:
# The formal name of the unit, its abbreviation, and its nickname(s).
# What is the unit's country or allegiance?
# What service was the unit part of (e.g. Air Force, Army, Navy)?
# When was it formed?
# If the unit no longer exists, when was it disbanded or deactivated?
# In what notable battles, operations, or wars did the unit participate?
The article can be structured along these lines:
# The unit's history. Why was it formed? Who formed it? Where and how has the unit served in peacetime and war? Who has commanded it?
# If the unit still exists, where is it now? What higher-level formation is the unit assigned to, if any? What is its current role?
# The unit's traditions. What mascots does it have? What anniversaries does it celebrate?
# What gallantry awards (such as the [[Medal of Honor]], [[Param Vir Chakra]], or [[Victoria Cross]]) have been awarded to members of the unit? What unit awards (such as [[battle honour]]s or [[Presidential Unit Citation|presidential citation]]s) has the unit received?
=== Content and style ===
==== Popular culture ====
"In popular culture" sections [[Wikipedia:Avoid trivia sections in articles |should be avoided]] unless the subject has had a well-cited and notable impact on popular culture. If present, the section should be a prose discussion of the subject's cultural significance, cited from [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|reliable sources]]. In particular, the following should be avoided:
* Compendiums of every trivial appearance of the subject in pop culture ([[Wikipedia:Trivia|trivia]])
* Unsupported speculation about cultural significance or fictional likenesses ([[Wikipedia:No original research|original research]])
This tends to be a problem in articles on military hardware (i.e. weapons, vehicles, etc.); for example, the [[Mauser K98]] and the [[M1 Garand]] may appear in any [[World War II]] film, and their many appearances don't warrant an exhaustive list. On the other hand, a [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Webley_Revolver&oldid=77156948#Webley_Revolvers_in_Popular_Culture discussion of the Webley] representing a stereotypical British revolver, or a conceptual artist's public response to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T-34&oldid=78446528#Tank_as_a_symbol symbolism of the East European tank monument], are certainly notable.
=== Infobox templates ===
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Military conflict infobox}}<!--
-->{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Campaignboxes}}
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Military person infobox}}
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Military unit infobox}}
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Weapon infobox}}
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Military structure infobox}}
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Military test site infobox}}
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Military cemetery infobox}}
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Military memorial infobox}}
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Military award infobox}}
=== Categories ===
==== Overview ====
The category scheme originates in two root categories—[[:Category:War]] and [[:Category:Military]]—and can be thought of as two [[tree structure]]s that intersect at several points. A guide to the top-level sub-categories of these two root categories is presented below; for brevity, a number of categories that are rarely used or lie outside the scope of this project have been omitted.
; [[:Category:War]] : Root category for matters related to wars and warfare (military or otherwise).
: [[:Category:Aftermath of war]]
:; [[:Category:Anti-war]] : Root category for anti-war movements and resistance to war; see the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Anti-war|Anti-war WikiProject]] for more details.
: [[:Category:Causes of war]]
:; [[:Category:Depictions of war]] : Root category for depictions of war in art and literature.
:; [[:Category:Laws of war]] : Root category for topics related to the [[laws of war]].
:: [[:Category:War crimes]]
:; [[:Category:Military conflicts]] : Root category for specific military conflicts, such as wars and battles; see the [[#Conflicts and operations|section on conflicts and operations]] below for more information.
:; [[:Category:People associated with war]] : Root category for people (both military and non-military) with some connection to warfare; see the [[#People|section on people]] below for more information.
:; [[:Category:Warfare by era]] : Classifies warfare into broad chronological eras.
:; [[:Category:Warfare by type]] : Classifies warfare by type (primarily by geographic or technological factors).
; [[:Category:Military]] : Root category for military matters (wartime or otherwise).
:; [[:Category:Military by country]] : Classifies militaries by the organizing country.
::; [[:Category:Military history by country]] : Classifies historical military topics by the countries involved.
: [[:Category:Military decorations]]
:; [[:Category:Military diplomacy]] : Root category for military-related aspects of diplomacy, such as alliances and treaties.
: [[:Category:Military education and training]]
:; [[:Category:Military equipment]] : Root category for military equipment, including weapons and vehicles.
:; [[:Category:Military history]] : Root category for various classification schemes for topics in military history, as well as general historiographic topics.
:: ''[[:Category:Military history by country]]'' (''see description under [[:Category:Military by country]] above'')
::; [[:Category:Military historiography]] : Root category for topics related to the study of military history, such as historians and their works.
:: ''[[:Category:Warfare by era]]'' (''see description under [[:Category:War]] above'')
: [[:Category:Military industry]]
: [[:Category:Military justice]]
:; [[:Category:Military law]]
:: ''[[:Category:Laws of war]]'' (''see description under [[:Category:War]] above'')
: [[:Category:Military life]]
:; [[:Category:Military locations]] : Root category for military locations, including structures and facilities.
:; [[:Category:Military operations]] : Root category for all combat and non-combat military operations; see the [[#Conflicts and operations|section on conflicts and operations]] below for more information.
:; [[:Category:Military organization]] : Root category for military organization, including units and other groups; see the [[#Military organization|section on military organization]] below for more information.
:; [[:Category:Military personnel]] : Root category for military personnel; see the [[#People|section on people]] below for more information.
:; [[:Category:Military publications]] : Root category for military publications.
:: [[:Category:Military books]]
:: [[:Category:Military magazines]]
: [[:Category:Military science]]
==== General principles ====
===== Naming =====
:''For naming conventions related to categories, see the [[#Category names|section on naming conventions]] above.''
===== Most specific categories =====
In general, articles and categories should be placed in the ''most specific'' applicable categories, and should not be placed directly in a "parent" category if they are already present in one of its sub-categories. In other words, if an article is placed in [[:Category:Wars of the United States]], there is no need to place it in [[:Category:Military history of the United States]] as well.
Note, however, that this applies only to ''direct'' placement into a "parent" category; it is normal for a category to have multiple ''indirect'' paths up to some other category higher in the tree. For example, [[:Category:Naval battles of the Hundred Years' War]] is both a sub-category of [[:Category:Battles of the Hundred Years' War]] (which is a sub-category of [[:Category:Battles of England]]) and a sub-category of [[:Category:Naval battles of England]] (which is ''also'' a sub-category [[:Category:Battles of England]]); thus, there are two distinct paths from [[:Category:Naval battles of the Hundred Years' War]] up to [[:Category:Battles of England]]. This is especially common when dealing with [[#Intersection categories|intersection categories]].
===== Categorizing entire sub-categories =====
One important aspect of the "most specific" principle is that if ''every'' article in a category belongs to another category, it is sufficient to nest the categories directly, rather than double-categorizing each individual article. For example, [[Battle of Bosworth Field]] does not need to be added to [[:Category:Battles of England]] directly because [[:Category:Battles of the Wars of the Roses]] is already a sub-category of it. Similarly, the articles in [[:Category:Military units and formations of the United States Marine Corps]] do not need to be added to [[:Category:Military units and formations of the United States]] directly.
In some cases, entire category trees will nest as above. For example, all "by war" categories should be sub-categories of the applicable "by era" category, and that a redundant "by era" label should not be applied to articles where a "by war" one is given (e.g. [[:Category:Military units and formations of the Crusades]] should be a sub-category of [[:Category:Medieval military units and formations]], so an article already in the first need not be added to the second).
Note that this strategy should be applied ''only'' when ''every'' article in one category belongs in the other. For example, it is inappropriate to make [[:Category:Battles of the Napoleonic Wars]] a sub-category of [[:Category:Battles of the United Kingdom]], because there are many battles in the first category in which the United Kingdom was not a participant; thus, [[Battle of Waterloo]] must include both categories separately.
===== Intersection categories =====
In many cases, articles can be categorized through several parallel classification schemes, associating them with the related countries, wars, eras, and other topics. There are two general ways of applying multiple categories from these classification schemes to a particular article. The simplest, which can be sufficient for unusual combinations or small categories, is to apply each category separately. For example, a medieval French unit could be placed in both [[:Category:Medieval military units and formations]] and [[:Category:Military units and formations of France]]. However, this system is unwieldy as category sizes increase; thus, common combinations of multiple categories can be made explicit by creating an "intersection" sub-category for them; for example, [[:Category:Medieval military units and formations of France]].
The intersection category can potentially combine an arbitrary number of elements from the overall category structure, but categories that combine two or three are more common. For example, [[:Category:Regiments of France in the Napoleonic Wars]] (military units by size, by country, and by war), [[:Category:Airborne units and formations of the United States Army in World War II]] (military units by type, by branch, and by war), and [[:Category:Naval battles of the American Civil War]] (battles by type and by war) are all potential intersection categories. It is recommended that intermediate "holder" categories (e.g. [[:Category:Military units and formations of France by size]] or [[:Category:Regiments by country]]) be liberally created in order to keep the overall category system navigable.
Note that the simpler system can still be used in conjunction with intersection categories to avoid the proliferation of extremely small and narrow sub-categories. For example, it may be better to place an article in both [[:Category:Cavalry units and formations]] and [[:Category:Medieval military units and formations of France]] than to create an additional [[:Category:Medieval cavalry units and formations of France]].
===== Description templates =====
A number of templates for creating standardized category descriptions have been created:
* {{tl|Battle category by participant}} - for sub-categories of [[:Category:Battles by country]]
* {{tl|Battle category by conflict}} - for sub-categories of [[:Category:Battles by war]]
* {{tl|Naval battle category by conflict}} - for sub-categories of [[:Category:Naval battles by war]]
* {{tl|Naval battle category by participant}} - for sub-categories of [[:Category:Naval battles by country]]
* {{tl|Operations category by participant}} - for sub-categories of [[:Category:Military operations by country]]
* {{tl|War category by participant}} - for sub-categories of [[:Category:Wars by country]]
==== Conflicts and operations ====
The category tree for all military conflicts and operations derives from the top-level [[:Category:Military operations]], as follows:
; [[:Category:Military operations]]
:; [[:Category:Military operations by country]] : Organizes both combat and non-combat operations by the country (or non-state entity) that planned or executed them.
:; [[:Category:Military operations by war]] : Organizes both combat and non-combat operations by the war during which they were planned or executed.
:; [[:Category:Military conflicts]] : Root category for all combat operations.
::; [[:Category:Wars]] : Root category for all wars; see the [[#Wars|section on wars]] below.
::; [[:Category:Battles]] : Root category for all battles and combat operations; see the [[#Battles|section on battles]] below.
:; [[:Category:Non-combat military operations]] : Root category for all non-combat operations.
:; [[:Category:Canceled military operations]] : Root category for both combat and non-combat operations that were planned but never executed.
A particular country will thus have a tree of categories containing every military action in which it participated. At its greatest extent, the tree will take a form similar to this:
* [[:Category:Military of the United States]] (a sub-category of [[:Category:Military by country]])
** [[:Category:Military history of the United States]] (also a sub-category of [[:Category:Military history by country]])
*** [[:Category:Military operations of the United States]] (also a sub-category of [[:Category:Military operations by country]])
**** [[:Category:Wars of the United States]] (also a sub-category of [[:Category:Wars by country]])
***** [[:Category:Battles of the United States]] (also a sub-category of [[:Category:Battles by country]])
**** [[:Category:Non-combat military operations of the United States]] (also a sub-category of [[:Category:Non-combat military operations by country]])
**** [[:Category:Canceled military operations of the United States]] (also a sub-category of [[:Category:Canceled military operations by country]])
Note that, particularly for countries whose military history does not include the modern era, many of these categories may be omitted. In particular, it is common for a "Wars of Foo" category to be a child of the corresponding "Military history of Foo" or "Military of Foo" category, without a separate "Military operations of Foo" category between them.
Similarly, a large war will have a tree of categories for every component military action; at its greatest extent, the tree will take the following form:
* [[:Category:American Civil War]] (categorized as discussed in the [[#Wars|section on wars]])
** [[:Category:Military operations of the American Civil War]] (also a sub-category of [[:Category:Military operations by war]])
*** [[:Category:Theaters of the American Civil War]]
*** [[:Category:Campaigns of the American Civil War]]
*** [[:Category:Battles of the American Civil War]] (also a sub-category of [[:Category:Battles by war]])
The full tree is unnecessary for the vast majority of wars; the most common configuration is to have a simple two-level scheme, like this:
* [[:Category:Wars of the Roses]]
** [[:Category:Battles of the Wars of the Roses]] (also a sub-category of [[:Category:Battles by war]])
===== Wars =====
[[:Category:Wars|Wars]]
|
,-----------+-------------.
| |
[[:Category:Wars by country|Wars by country]] [[:Category:Wars by type|Wars by type]] [[:Category:15th century|15th century]]
| | |
[[:Category:Wars of England|Wars of England]] [[:Category:Civil wars|Civil wars]] |
| | |
`------------+------------' |
| |
`--------------+-----------------'
|
[[:Category:Wars of the Roses|Wars of the Roses]]
|
'''[[Wars of the Roses]]'''
War articles are usually placed in three sets of categories:
* ''By date'': a war article should always be placed in a category by century (e.g. [[:Category:16th century]]) for longer wars or by year (e.g. [[:Category:1878]]) for shorter ones.
* ''By participants'': a war article should always be placed in one or more sub-categories of [[:Category:Wars by country]]. These should correspond to the primary participants in the war. For example, a war between France and Austria should be placed in both [[:Category:Wars of France]] and [[:Category:Wars of Austria]].
* ''By type'': a war article may optionally be placed in one or more sub-categories of [[:Category:Wars by type]], such as [[:Category:Civil wars]] or [[:Category:Guerrilla wars]].
Some larger wars have dedicated categories (e.g. [[:Category:Hundred Years' War]]). In this case, it is sufficient to categorize the war ''category'' as above; the war ''article'' ([[Hundred Years' War]], in this example) need only be placed in the associated war category.
===== Battles =====
[[:Category:Battles|Battles]]
|
+-----------------------------.
| |
| [[:Category:Battles by era|Battles by era]]
| |
| [[:Category:Early Modern battles|Early Modern battles]]
,---------------+------------------. |
| | | |
[[:Category:Battles by type|Battles by type]] | [[:Category:Battles by war|Battles by war]] | [[:Category:Italian Wars|Italian Wars]]
| | | | |
| [[:Category:Battles by country|Battles by country]] `----------+----------'
| | |
| ,-------+-----------. [[:Category:Battles of the Italian Wars|Battles of the Italian Wars]]
| | | |
| [[:Category:Battles of Venice|Battles of Venice]] | |
| | | |
| | [[:Category:Battles of the Holy Roman Empire|Battles of the Holy Roman Empire]] |
[[:Category:Sieges|Sieges]] | | |
| | | |
| `---------+---------' [[:Category:1509|1509]] |
| | | |
`-------+---------' | |
| | |
`-------------+--------------' |
| |
`------------+----------'
|
'''[[Siege of Padua]]'''
Articles about battles and combat operations are usually placed in four sets of categories:
* ''By date'': a battle article should always be placed in a category by year (e.g. [[:Category:1878]]) corresponding to the date on which the battle was fought. Longer battles spanning several years may be placed in multiple year categories, or in the corresponding decade or century categories in extreme cases.
* ''By era:'' battles can be placed in one of the sub-categories of [[:Category:Battles by era]] to indicate which of the [[:Category:Warfare by era|broad eras of military history]] they belong to. For example, battles involving the Roman Empire would be placed under [[:Category:Ancient battles]].
** ''By war'': as an extension of the "by era" categorization, a battle article may optionally be placed in a sub-category of [[:Category:Battles by war]]. For instance, the [[Battle of Agincourt]] is placed in [[:Category:Battles of the Hundred Years' War]].
* ''By participants'': a battle article should generally be placed in one or more sub-categories of [[:Category:Battles by country]]. These should correspond to the primary participants in the battle. For example, a battle between France and Austria should be placed in both [[:Category:Battles of France]] and [[:Category:Battles of Austria]]. Note that these categories are often moved out onto a "by war" category; see the [[#Categorizing entire sub-categories|section on categorizing entire sub-categories]], above, for more details.
* ''By type'': a battle article may optionally be placed in one or more sub-categories of [[:Category:Battles by type]], such as [[:Category:Sieges]] or [[:Category:Naval battles]].
Note that, for the purposes of categorization, no distinction is generally made between "battles" and "operations"; all combat operations should be placed in the appropriate categories for battles, regardless of whether "battle" appears in the title of the article.
==== Military organization ====
The category tree for all topics related to military organization derives from the top-level [[:Category:Military organization]], as follows:
; [[:Category:Military organization]]
:; [[:Category:Defence ministries]] : Root category for military and defense ministries or departments within national governments.
:; [[:Category:Military academies]] : Root category for military academies.
:; [[:Category:Military branches]] : Organizes topics by the associated major modern branch (army, navy, air force, etc.).
:; [[:Category:Military ranks]] : Root category for all topics related to military ranks.
:; [[:Category:Military units and formations]] : Root category for all military units, formations, and groups; see the [[#Units and formations|section on units and formations]] below.
:; [[:Category:Orders of battle]] : Root category for all [[order of battle|orders of battle]] for particular military conflicts.
:; [[:Category:Types of forces]] : Organizes military forces by the "type" of force (usually by function, mobility, or structure).
===== Units and formations =====
Articles about military units and formations are typically placed into four sets of categories nested under [[:Category:Military units and formations]]:
* ''By country:'' military units can be placed in a sub-category of [[:Category:Military units and formations by country]] to indicate the state (or non-state entity, where appropriate) which they served. For example, units of the French military are placed in [[:Category:Military units and formations of France]] or its sub-categories.
** ''By branch:'' as an extension of the "by country" scheme, units of countries that had distinct branches or services in their militaries (e.g. an Army, a Navy, and an Air Force) can be placed in a sub-category of [[:Category:Military units and formations by branch]]. For example, units that are part of the United States Navy are placed under [[:Category:Military units and formations of the United States Navy]], which is itself a sub-category of [[:Category:Navy units and formations]].
* ''By era:'' units can be placed in one or more sub-categories of [[:Category:Military units and formations by era]] to indicate which of the [[:Category:Warfare by era|broad eras of military history]] they belong to. For example, Roman legions would be placed under [[:Category:Ancient military units and formations]].
** ''By war:'' as an extension of the "by era" scheme, units associated with particular wars can be placed in one or more sub-categories of [[:Category:Military units and formations by war]]; for example, units that fought in World War II are placed under [[:Category:Military units and formations of World War II]]. This type of categorization is intended only for ''very'' major conflicts; creating a category tree for every recorded war is obviously unproductive.
* ''By size:'' units can be placed in a sub-category of [[:Category:Military units and formations by size]], such as [[:Category:Regiments]] or [[:Category:Divisions]], as appropriate.
* ''By type:'' units with special roles (such as airborne, artillery, or armored units) can be placed under the appropriate sub-category of [[:Category:Military units and formations by type]]; for example, a cavalry unit would be placed under [[:Category:Cavalry units and formations]].
A particular article need not be categorized with all of the possible category types; for some topics, certain of the category options are inapplicable or inconvenient labels.
==== People ====
{| class="messagebox cleanup"
|-
| This section is currently under construction.
|}
;[[:Category:People associated with war]]
:; [[:Category:People by war]] : Classifies people by the war with which they are associated.
: [[:Category:Children in war]]
: [[:Category:Civilians in war]]
:; [[:Category:Military personnel]] : Root category for soldiers and other military personnel.
: [[:Category:Women in war]]
=== Featured article advice ===
This section provides a brief list of major points that should be addressed before an article is listed as a [[Wikipedia:Featured article candidates|featured article candidate]]; some of them are general recommendations, while others are related specifically to common objections candidate articles encounter.
; Take advantage of the review process : Articles nominated for featured status should already be of a superlative quality, as attempts to fix major problems during the featured article nomination itself are usually chaotic and unsuccessful. Thus, the article should be reviewed for potential problems before a nomination is made. A full review process is outlined below; while these steps are not required, they are usually quite helpful:
:# [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Peer review|Peer review]]: the peer review can offer exhaustive suggestions for improvement; it can be undertaken at any point, but is most useful once a majority of the article's content is present. This can run for anywhere from a few days to a few weeks.
:# [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Assessment#Requests for A-Class status|A-Class review]]: the review for A-Class status is less flexible, and serves primarily to verify that the major criteria for featured article status are met; it runs for four days.
:# [[Wikipedia:Featured article candidates|Featured article nomination]]: the final step is the formal nomination for featured article status; it can run anywhere from a week to a month.
; Check your citations : Perhaps the most critical flaw in an article—and among the few that serve to guarantee a failed featured article candidacy—is a lack of [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|proper citations]]. An article should have copious inline citations, preferably from high-quality scholarly sources such as published historical works. The project does not mandate a standard format for citations; while [[Chicago Manual of Style]]-type [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|footnotes]] are popular, some articles use [[Wikipedia:Harvard references|Harvard references]] instead.
; Ensure the article has been copyedited : One of the most common objections that articles encounter is that the prose is too dense or poorly written. It is incumbent on editors to ensure that an article has been thoroughly copyedited before being nominated for featured status; while this can be done, to an extent, on one's own articles, asking someone unfamiliar with the text to review it is generally very helpful in catching less obvious stylistic problems.
; Find suitable illustrations : While lavish illustration is not a requirement (but is nevertheless a good thing, where enough images are available), particular attention must be paid to cartography; in articles about battles or wars, the lack of a suitable map can result in numerous objections to a featured article candidacy. Many maps are available from public-domain sources; requests for others may be made [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Requests#Requested maps|here]].
; Watch the length : While editors are encouraged to expand articles, there comes a time when the overall length of an article becomes a potential problem for readers; if you find that an article is becoming too long, consider splitting it up or moving some of the information to other articles. More advice on recommended bounds for article size can be found [[Wikipedia:Article size|here]]; note, however, that the numbers given are usually applied only to the prose of the article, and do not include additional material (such as footnotes or reference lists).
== Showcase ==
The following is a list of articles within the scope of the project that have been noted for their outstanding quality. Project members are encouraged to peruse these at their leisure, as they serve as excellent examples of different writing and organizational styles that one may wish to emulate.
''Please note that the project does not necessarily claim any authorship or credit for creating these. While many were written by members—sometimes with extensive input from the project as a whole—others were created by uninvolved editors, or predate the existence of the project itself, and are listed here merely because they fall within our scope.''
=== Featured articles ===
[[Wikipedia:Featured articles|Featured articles]] are considered to be [[Wikipedia:What is a featured article?|Wikipedia's very best work]]; they must pass through a review process as [[Wikipedia:Featured article candidates|featured article candidates]] before being selected.
{{col-begin}}
{{col-3}}
; A
* [[Able Archer 83]]
<!-- * [[A. E. J. Collins]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Air Force One]] (citation problems) -->
* [[AK-47]]
* [[Alcibiades]]
* [[Aleksandr Vasilevsky]]
* [[Amchitka]]
<!-- * [[Algerian Civil War]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Arthur Ernest Percival]]
<!-- * [[Attack on Pearl Harbor]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Attalus I]]
; B
<!-- * [[Battle of Alesia]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Battle of Austerlitz]]
* [[Battle of Badr]]
* [[Battle of Bicocca]]
* [[Battle of Blenheim]]
<!-- * [[Battle of Cannae]] (citation problems - no page numbers) -->
* [[Battle of Ceresole]]
<!-- * [[Battle of Hampton Roads]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Battle of Inchon]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Battle of Jutland]] (citation problems, unusual sections) -->
<!-- * [[Battle of Leyte Gulf]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Battle of Midway]]
* [[Battle of Moscow]]
<!-- * [[Battle of Normandy]] (citation problems, trivia lists) -->
* [[Battle of Rennell Island]]
* [[Battle of Savo Island]]
* [[Battle of Schellenberg]]
* [[Battle of Smolensk (1943)]]
<!-- * [[Battle of Warsaw (1920)]] (citation problems, poor formatting) -->
<!-- * [[Battle of the Bulge]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Battle of the Eastern Solomons]]
* [[Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands]]
<!-- * [[Battle of the Somme (1916)]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Blitzkrieg]] (citation problems) -->
; C
<!-- * [[Charles I of England]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Che Guevara]]
<!-- * [[Chemical warfare]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Civil Air Patrol]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Colditz Castle]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Convair B-36]] (citation problems, poor intro) -->
* [[Corinthian War]]
<!-- * [[Cristero War]] (citation problems) -->
; D
* [[Daniel Boone]]
* [[Defense of Sihang Warehouse]]
* [[Demosthenes]]
; E
* [[Edward III of England]]
* [[England expects that every man will do his duty]]
* [[Epaminondas]]
<!-- * [[Eureka Stockade]] (citation problems) -->
{{col-3}}
; F
* [[F-35 Lightning II]]
* [[F-4 Phantom II]]
<!-- * [[First Battle of the Stronghold]] (citation problems, length, questionable references) -->
<!-- * [[First Crusade]] (citation problems, no clear references) -->
* [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
; G
* [[German occupation of Luxembourg in World War I]]
; H
<!-- * [[Henry VIII of England]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956]]
<!-- * [[Husein Gradaščević]] (citation problems) -->
; I
<!-- * [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Invasion]]
<!-- * [[Invasion of Poland (1939)]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Iowa class battleship]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Isaac Brock]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Italian War of 1521]]
; J
<!-- * [[James II of England]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Jarmann M1884]]
* [[Joan of Arc]]
; K
<!-- * [[Kammerlader]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Kargil War]]
<!-- * [[Karl Dönitz]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Katyn massacre]]
<!-- * [[Krag-Jørgensen]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Krag-Petersson]]
; L
* [[Llywelyn the Great]]
<!-- * [[Lord's Resistance Army]] (citation problems) -->
; M
<!-- * [[Manuel I Komnenos]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Mark Antony]] (citation, structure problems) -->
* [[Medal of Honor]]
<!-- * [[Michael Woodruff]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Military history of Canada]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Military history of France]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Military history of Puerto Rico]]
<!-- * [[Military history of the Soviet Union]] (citation problems) -->
; N
* [[Naval Battle of Guadalcanal]]
<!-- * [[Nuclear weapon]] (citation problems) -->
; O
<!-- * [[Operation Downfall]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Operation Ten-Go]]
* [[Operation Wrath of God]]
{{col-3}}
; P
* [[Penda of Mercia]]
* [[Pericles]]
<!-- * [[Poison gas in World War I]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Polish-Muscovite War (1605–1618)]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Polish-Soviet War]] (citation problems) -->
; R
* [[Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima]]
* [[Rhys ap Gruffydd]]
<!-- * [[Richard O'Connor]] (citation problems) -->
; S
<!-- * [[S-mine]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Second Crusade]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Shrine of Remembrance]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Sid McMath]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Siege]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Sino-German cooperation (1911-1941)]]
<!-- * [[Stanisław Koniecpolski]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Stephen Trigg]]
<!-- * [[Swedish allotment system]] (citation problems) -->
; T
* [[T-34]]
<!-- * [[Tank]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Theodore Roosevelt]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Theramenes]]
* [[Third Servile War]]
* [[Thrasybulus]]
* [[Toledo War]]
<!-- * [[Trench warfare]] (citation, structure problems) -->
; U
* [[Ulm Campaign]]
* [[United States Marine Corps]]
<!-- * [[U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[USS Missouri (BB-63)]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[USS Wisconsin (BB-64)]] (citation problems) -->
; V
<!-- * [[Virtuti Militari]] (citation problems) -->
; W
* [[War of the Fifth Coalition]]
* [[War of the League of Cambrai]]
<!-- * [[War of the Spanish Succession]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Warsaw Uprising]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Warsaw Uprising (1794)]]
* [[Western Front (World War I)]]
* [[William Tecumseh Sherman]]
<!-- * [[William III of England]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[William IV of the United Kingdom]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[William the Silent]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Witold Pilecki]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[World War I]] (citation problems) -->
<!-- * [[Władysław Sikorski]] (citation problems) -->
; Y
<!-- * [[Yom Kippur War]] (inconsistent citations) -->
; Z
<!-- * [[Zeppelin]] (citation problems) -->
* [[Ziaur Rahman]]
{{col-end}}
=== A-Class articles ===
[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Assessment#Quality scale|A-Class articles]], while not as rigorously reviewed as featured articles, are nevertheless considered to provide a well-written, reasonably clear, and complete treatment of the topic; they pass through a [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Assessment#Requests for A-Class status|review process within the project]] before being selected.
{{col-begin}}
{{col-3}}
; A
* [[Axis naval activity in Australian waters]]
; B
* [[Basiliscus]]
* [[Battle of Gettysburg, First Day]]
* [[Battle of Gettysburg, Second Day]]
* [[Battle of Greece]]
* [[Battle of the Tenaru]]
* [[Battle of Tulagi and Gavutu-Tanambogo]]
* [[British anti-invasion preparations of World War II]]
; C
* [[Cyrus the Great]]
{{col-3}}
; F
* [[Finnish Civil War]]
* [[First Macedonian War]]
; G
* [[Greco-Persian Wars]]
; H
* [[Ho Chi Minh trail]]
; J
* [[Józef Piłsudski]]
; L
* [[La Grande Armée]]
; M
* [[Military Assistance Command, Vietnam Studies and Observations Group]]
{{col-3}}
; R
* [[Russian Ground Forces]]
; S
* [[Second Battle of Kharkov]]
* [[Sihanouk Trail]]
; T
* [[Tent pegging]]
* [[The King's Regiment (Liverpool)]]
; W
* [[Webley Revolver]]
{{col-end}}
== Project organization ==
{{WPMILHIST Navigation}}<!--
-->{{Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Coordinators}}
=== Members ===
The [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Members|'''full list of project members''']] is located on a separate subpage; please feel free to [{{SERVER}}{{localurl:Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Members|action=edit§ion=1}} add your name] to it if you would like to join the project!
=== Departments ===
; [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Assessment|Assessment]]
The assessment department focuses on assessing the quality of Wikipedia's military history articles. The resulting article ratings are used within the project to aid in recognizing excellent contributions and identifying topics in need of further work, and are also expected to play a role in the [[WP:1.0]] program. The assessment is done in a distributed fashion through parameters in the {{tl|uk-crime}} project banner; this causes the articles to be placed in a set of categories that serves as the basis for an automatically generated worklist.
Notably, the department hosts the project's [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Assessment#Requests for A-Class status|A-Class review process]], which is a more formal review of an article's quality intended to serve as a preliminary to a featured article candidacy.
; [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Automation|Automation]]
The automation department uses various automated and semi-automated methods to perform batch tasks that would be extremely tedious to do manually; it collects requests for tasks, discusses whether they are suitable for automation, and attempts to match them with bot operators or users of semi-automated tools for implementation. All project members are invited to propose new tasks and to comment on the suitability of outstanding requests.
; [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Cartography|Cartography]]
The cartography department aims to create a collection of high-quality maps for use in military history articles; this involves primarily annotated maps and diagrams of particular battles and wars, but can also include diagrams of fortifications, maps of historical borders, and other related media.
The department gathers existing public doman and free-license maps as well as creating new ones from other materials where no suitable maps can be found. All project members are welcome to request additional maps that may be needed for particular articles from the department.
; [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Collaboration|Collaboration]]
The project's Collaboration of the Fortnight seeks to identify particular articles that would benefit from a significant collaborative effort. Every fortnight, a single article is selected as the focus, and the project attempts to improve it, potentially to [[Wikipedia:What is a featured article|featured article standards]]. All articles dealing with some aspect of military history (except for current [[Wikipedia:Featured articles|featured articles]] and [[Wikipedia:Featured article candidates|featured article candidates]]) are eligible, and everyone is invited to nominate candidates. The current collaboration article is '''{{Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Collaboration/Current}}'''.
; [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Outreach|Outreach]]
The outreach department acts as the project's central point of coordination for recruiting new members and maintaining the interest of current participants. Its primary activity is the production of monthly project newsletters; a number of additional programs are either underway or being planned, however.
; [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Peer review|Peer review]]
The peer review department conducts peer reviews of articles on request; this helps to obtain ideas for further improvement by having contributors who may not have previously worked on particular articles examine them. Project members are invited to submit articles to the department in lieu of using the generic peer review process.
There is a general intent to expand the review process to allow for review by credentialled subject experts; however, the preparations for this are not yet complete.
; [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Translation|Translation]]
The translation department serves to enhance Wikipedia's crime-related content by translating material from non-English articles and sources for use within the project. To coordinate this, it includes a staff of volunteer translators for various languages.
The department typically works on translating [[Wikipedia:Featured articles|featured articles]] from other-language Wikipedias; project members may request assistance with other material on the department page, or directly from one of the listed translators.
=== Task forces ===
:'''''Please discuss any proposals for new task forces with the [[#Coordinators|project coordinators]] or with the project as a whole <big>before</big> creating them.'''''
Task forces are informal groups of editors gathered for collaborative work on a particular topic within the field of military history; all project members are encouraged to participate in any that interest them.
; General topics
:* [[User:MadMax/Organized crime|Organized crime]]
; Nations and regions
:* [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Australian crime|Australian crime]]
; Periods and specific conflicts
=== Liaison groups ===
Liaison groups are task forces or similar groups that have been set up to serve as points of contact between this project and another WikiProject whose scope intersects significantly with ours. Note that many of the [[#Task forces|task forces]] serve as ''de facto'' liaison groups with another project; to avoid redundancy, only ''external'' groups are listed below.
* [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Biography/Crime|Biography]]
=== Portals ===
There are a number of portals associated with this project:
=== Project award ===
=== Auxiliary templates ===
: ''For user banners and [[Wikipedia:Userboxes|userboxes]], please refer to the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Outreach#User banners and userboxes|full list]] maintained by the outreach department.
* {{tl|WPBRITCRIME Announcements}} - the announcement and open task list
* {{tl|WPBRITCRIME Navigation}} - the main navigation box
* {{tl|WPBRITCRIME Archive}} - for inactive and archived pages
* {{tl|WPBRITCRIME Current collaboration}} - the current collaboration announcement banner
* {{tl|WPBRITCRIME Collaboration}} - for the current collaboration article
== Resources ==
:''More extensive resource lists for particular topics are maintained by the corresponding [[#Task forces|task forces]].''
=== Images and media ===
:''Requests for particular images can be made [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Requests#Requested images|here]].''
; Wikimedia Commons
The category structure used by [[commons:Main Page|Wikimedia Commons]] parallels the one used here to a certain extent. Some of the categories most relevant to this project are listed below:
* [[commons:Category:War|Category:War]]
** [[commons:Category:Battles|Category:Battles]]
** [[commons:Category:Wars|Category:Wars]]
* [[commons:Category:Military|Category:Military]]
** [[commons:Category:Military insignia|Category:Military insignia]]
** [[commons:Category:Military maps|Category:Military maps]]
** [[commons:Category:Military people|Category:Military people]]
Note, however, that much of the Commons categorization scheme is in an embryonic stage; and that the need for category names to be comprehensible to non-English-speaking users has resulted in some naming conventions that may diverge quite widely from the ones with which Wikipedia editors are familiar.
=== Maps ===
{{commonscat|Military maps}}
:''Requests for particular maps can be made [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Requests#Requested maps|here]].''
=== Terminology ===
=== Translation ===
:''Requests for translation assistance can be made [[Wikipedia:WikiProject British crime/Requests#Translation help|here]].''
* [http://babelfish.altavista.com/tr BabelFish]
