Wayne, Illinois
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Wayne | |
| Village | |
| Country | United States |
|---|---|
| State | Illinois |
| County | DuPage |
| Coordinates | |
| Area | 5.8 sq mi (15 km²) |
| - land | 5.8 sq mi (15 km²) |
| Population | 2,137 (2000) |
| Density | 367.4 /sq mi (142 /km²) |
| Timezone | CST (UTC-6) |
| - summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) |
| Postal code | 60184 |
| Area code | 630 |
   Location of Wayne within Illinois
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| Wikimedia Commons: Wayne, Illinois | |
Wayne is a village in DuPage and Kane County, Illinois. The eastern portion, in Dupage County, is in Wayne Township while the western portion, in Kane County, is in St. Charles Township. The population was 2,137 at the 2000 census.
In the late 19th and early 20th century, Wayne was a prominent center of horse breeding and farming research. The community was known for breeding French Percheron horses, a draft horse similar to a Clydesdale.
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[edit] History
In May 1834, settlers began to move into Wayne Center (believed to be named after Maj. Gen. Anthony Wayne). The first railroad arrived in 1849, and Solomon Dunham arranged for an inn, a general store, and a house to be built east of the tracks, where he became station agent and postmaster for a second settlement area, Wayne Station. By 1861, all the land in the township had been settled, with business districts in both locations.
Three railroads etched their way through Wayne Township by 1888, followed by the electric interurban Chicago, Aurora & Elgin Railway in 1903, which also provided electricity for streetlights.[1]
Wayne was incorporated in 1958. Previously, the community was administered as a private association.
In October, 2007, the historic Chicago and Northwestern railway station was relocated from Dunham Castle to the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad (now Union Pacific) tracks at Army Trail Road. The station was originally at that location, but moved to Dunham Castle during the 1940s or 1950s; the old station was converted to a horse stable. Through grants and contributions from Dunham Castle's owners, the station was moved back to its original location and is currently being restored.
[edit] Dunham estate
Wayne's primary landmark is the Dunham Castle, originally built between 1878 and 1882. The stone structure, complete with turret, was inspired by a Norman castle and was built by one of Wayne's first pioneers, Mark Dunham, a Percheron horse breeder.
Mark Dunham's horse farm, Oaklawn Farm, founded in Wayne in 1866, was one of the earliest Percheron breeding farms in the U.S.; Dunham is known as the “Father of the Percheron in North America”. During the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition, a train from Chicago to Wayne brought guests to see the Percheron horses at the 2,000 acre (8 km²) farm. Those that made the trip included Cyrus McCormick, George Pullman, and the Duke of Veragua.
At the height of the Percheron business, Dunham built a house, now called Dunham Castle, near the farm. The Dunhams based the idea for the design of their new home on that of French chateaux. The building, of brick, and stone, with different colored slate roofing, stands surrounded by woods, gardens, and a gently sloping lawn. The interior has parquet floors, statues, tapestries, and copies of fine, French artwork. The castle is now a private residence and as such is never open to tours.
Percheron horse demand declined steadily as gas-powered cars, trucks, and farm implements grew in popularity, finally making Percherons a novelty or parade horse. When Marc Dunham built Dunhame Castle, the original Dunham home evolved into an inn and sales pavilion for the Dunham family’s Oaklawn Farm. The offices of Dunham's farm, then popularly known as the “Inn”, still stand, now home to Wayne's only dining establishment and social club, the Dunham Woods Riding Club.
The Dunham Woods Riding Club was founded in 1934 by a group of Wayne and Geneva residents who leased the original Dunham family home. A fire destroyed the original old coach house in 1950 and the proceeds of the insurance were utilized by the club to purchase the Inn, the Lower Barn, swimming pool, tennis courts, and surrounding land. The Gray Room ballroom, Formal Dining Room and a new kitchen were added in 1957.
In 1961, the Wayne-DuPage Hunt was instrumental in purchasing more land from Dunham’s Inc., including the Kennels and Upper Barn. This purchase was made in the name of the Dunham Woods Riding Club. Additional land was purchased in 1975, which included the outdoor riding rings, indoor riding ring, outside cross-country course, tenant house, and new pole barn all of which are leased to the Hunt by the Club.
In 1979, the four corners comprising the intersection of Army Trail and Dunham Roads, The Dunham Woods Riding Club and Dunham Castle, together with the additional surrounding land and outbuildings were accepted into the National Register of Historic Places.
[edit] Equestrian Traditions
The Village of Wayne is committed to preserving its equestrian nature and reputation. The village has miles of equestrian paths, as well as dozens of horse farms, riding centers, and boarding stables. The Wayne-DuPage Hunt, founded in the 1920s, is one of only two fox hunt groups continuing to hunt within metro Chicago, the other being the Mill Creek Hunt in far north Wadsworth. Wayne-DuPage is a drag hunt, not chasing live foxes. The hunt involves kennels for some 60 fox hounds and a membership list of 150, though 80 riders represent a good turnout on a crisp fall weekend. Traditions such as the stirrup cup, sherry or brandy served at the start, and the hunt breakfast, refreshments served at the end, have been preserved. The Wayne-DuPage Hunt Pony Club is a related organization for teaching young people riding, training and horse care.
[edit] Housing
Housing in the The Village of Wayne varies from small bungalows to multi-million dollar estates. There are several subdivisions within the Village with house size and value more or less uniform with a given subdivision. Most subdivisions have one to three acre zoning. Much of the modern housing has been built since the 1970s. In DuPage County, a minimum of two acres is needed to keep horses. In Kane County, property outside of subdivisions must be four or more acres. A property with two or more acres in either county is locally called "zoned horses" with one horse allowed per acre. Outbuildings are permitted but must follow Village rules that restrict usage generally to horse stables. Architecture varies within the Village but there is a larger than usual number of "New England" style homes.
[edit] Flag Day
Residents and guests celebrate Flag Day in June each year with a parade and picnic on the Sunday nearest June 14. This parade often features more participants than spectators. The parade begins at the General Store near Railroad Street at Army Trail Road and is open to all. The parade ends at the Little Home Church approximately 1/4 mile east. Donated cakes are sliced and served, picnics are eaten, and Jazz music is played. A Wayne Citizen of the Year [2], honored for contributions to the Village, is traditionally chosen at this event.
[edit] Famous residents
Wayne was the long-time home of author Marguerite Henry and her horse Misty. Marguerite, meeting with her literary agent in the 1940s at a cocktail party, became aware of the Chincoteague pony penning. She flew to Virginia, witnessed the 1945 penning, and wrote "Misty of Chincoteague". Despite the fictionalized account of the Beebe children keeping Misty, Marguerite actually owned Misty and kept her on her Army Trail Road estate named "Mole Meadow". Misty arrived in Wayne on November 18, 1946 after being shipped to Geneva, Illinois on the Chicago and North Western Railway train #3 from Virginia. Marguerite annually brought Misty to Wayne Elementary School and celebrated the horse's birthday with the schoolchildren. The horse was later returned to Chincoteague and died there in 1972.
Other prominent residents have included:
- Joy Morton, of Morton Salt fame, who was an early president of Dunham Woods back in the 1930s.
- Brooks McCormick, CEO of International Harvester Co. through the 1960s and '70s, was once a regular in the local fox hunt.
- Gaylord A. Freeman Jr., CEO of First National Bank of Chicago lived on White Thorn Road for several decades before his death in 1991 at age 81.
- John Edle, president of Oak Brook-based Elkay Manufacturing Co., moved away in 1990 when he was transferred, then bought another house in Wayne after he returned to the area in 1998.
[edit] Pratt’s Wayne Woods
Wayne contains a large forest preserve. Pratt's Wayne Woods is the largest forest preserve in DuPage County. Located in the county’s northwest corner, the preserve’s 3,462 acres (14 km²) combine with Illinois Department of Natural Resource land adjacent on the north to form a continuous 4,000 acre (16 km²) stretch of land, a scarce resource in a growing urban area. The savannas, marshes, meadows and wetlands of Pratt’s Wayne Woods offer a myriad of nature-loving opportunities and recreational excursions. The preserve’s Brewster Creek area is the site of a major wetland restoration program.
The area now known as Pratt’s Wayne Woods first took form in 1965 with a donation of 160 acres (0.65 km²) by the state of Illinois. Thanks to the efforts of George Pratt, a township supervisor and a preserve commissioner during the 1960s and 1970s, the Forest Preserve District began to purchase additional lands that comprise Pratt’s Wayne Woods today.
The first private land owner of this area was Mark Wentworth Fletcher, a surveyor who made his living in Geneva, Dundee, Elgin, St. Charles and Wayne. Fletcher purchased 320 acres (1.3 km²) from the federal government on February 18, 1846, and built a farmhouse along Dunham Road.
After Fletcher’s death in 1900, the land changed ownership a few times before Mark Morton purchased it in 1926. One of the founders of the Morton Salt Company, Morton excavated the farm’s southwest corner for sand and gravel. Land that was not used in the mineral operations was farmed for grain and corn up until a few years before Morton’s death in 1951.
The land was later purchased by Franz Palm, who transformed the area into a sportsman’s hunting and fishing lodge. The Palm family had originally intended their park to be their retirement place; however, the state of Illinois had other plans. The state purchased the original 320 acres (1.3 km²) with the intention of creating a state park. Once this idea was abandoned, George Pratt convinced the District to purchase the quarry area for a forest preserve. In 1974, Pratt expanded the preserve by selling his adjacent 250 acre (1 km²) Maple Spring Farm to the District.
Since the early 1900s, the complex of wetlands in Pratt’s Wayne Woods’ Brewster Creek area have been artificially drained by a system of buried clay pipes. The Forest Preserve District is now removing these drain tiles to restore this vital habitat, which over the years has become home to several threatened and endangered plant and animal species.
In 1990, plans to form DuPage County’s only state park were revived when the state and the Forest Preserve District purchased more than 300 acres (1.2 km²) in the area of Pratt’s Wayne Woods for that purpose. Tri-County State Park is located just north of Pratt’s Wayne Woods. A 24,000 square foot (2,200 m²) visitors center that also houses the Illinois Department of Natural Resources’ Region 2 headquarters opened in April of 2003.
[edit] Geography
Wayne is located at (41.951032, -88.257229)[3].
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 5.8 square miles (15.1 km²), all of it land. Wayne is dotted by small streams, wetlands, and small ponds.
[edit] Demographics
As of the census[4] of 2000, there were 2,137 people, 726 households, and 630 families residing in the village. The population density was 367.4 people per square mile (141.8/km²). There were 746 housing units at an average density of 128.3/sq mi (49.5/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 94.81% White, 0.37% African American, 0.05% Native American, 2.81% Asian, 0.75% from other races, and 1.22% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.74% of the population.
There were 726 households out of which 39.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 81.8% were married couples living together, 3.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 13.1% were non-families. 10.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 3.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94 and the average family size was 3.16.
In the village the population was spread out with 27.4% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 33.4% from 45 to 64, and 8.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.1 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $115,338, and the median income for a family was $124,571. Males had a median income of $91,873 versus $36,786 for females. The per capita income for the village was $54,990. None of the families and 0.6% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 4.0% of those over 64.
[edit] Education
The village is served by St. Charles District 303 in its south and west portions and by Unit School District U-46 in its central, north, and east portions. U-46 serves an area of some 90 square miles (230 km²) in Cook, DuPage and Kane Counties. Almost 40,000 children of school age are in its area. U-46 is second largest in Illinois. Wayne has its own elementary school, Wayne Elementary, part of U-46, serving grades K-6.
[edit] External links
- Village of Wayne website
- Dunham Woods Riding Club
- Lamplight Equestian Center
- The Prairie Garden and the Barbara Dunham Dale Prairie
- Pratt's Wayne Woods Forest Preserve
- James Pate Philip State Park
- An article about equestrian traditions of Wayne in Crain's Chicago Business
- See Still Estates for some Wayne history
- An article about Wayne Township from out of print book by Tannisse T. Blatchford
- Wayne, Illinois is at coordinates Coordinates:
- ^ Wayne, IL
- ^ Village of Wayne, IL - Residents
- ^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
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