Washington Ground Squirrel
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| Washington Ground Squirrel | ||||||||||||||||
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| Spermophilus washingtoni A.H. Howell, 1938 |
The Washington Ground Squirrel, Spermophilus washingtoni, is a squirrel found in the Pacific Northwest United States, in the states of Washington and Oregon. The species is listed as endangered in Oregon and is a candidate for endangered species listing in the United States, but is not currently listed. The IUCN lists the species as vulnerable.
The Washington Ground Squirrel lives in sagebrush or grassland habitats in the Columbia River Basin of Washington and Oregon. Washington ground squirrels hibernate / estivate 7-8 months each year. Adults breed shortly after emergence from hibernation in January or February and juveniles emerge from the natal burrow in March. Juveniles disperse away from the natal burrow and settle into new areas. All Washington ground squirrels gain weight and prepare for hibernation in late spring and early summer. Juveniles immerge for estivation in June or July, and adults begin estivating earlier, often in June.
One radiotracking study focused on dispersal of Washington ground squirrels (Klein 2005). It found that 72% percent of juvenile males dispersed in April. Dispersal distances ranged from 40-3521 meters and the median dispersal distance was 880 meters. Twenty to 56% of radio-collared juvenile squirrels survived to estivation. Raptors and badgers were the primary causes of mortality. Survival rates of dispersers were higher than non-dispersers, mostly due to badger predation on natal sites.
[edit] References
- Klein, K. J. 2005. Dispersal patterns of Washington ground squirrels in Oregon. M.S. Thesis, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. 127 pp.
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