Image:WaPo Bubble Bench.png
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[edit] Summary
The Washington DC "bubble bench" made famous by the Washington Post article "Doors Close for Real Estate Speculators: After Pushing Up Prices, Investors Are Left Holding Too Many Homes," photographed in April 2006. There are 49 lockboxes used on this bench, which is used to hold keys of unsold homes outside the 200 unit Halstead condo complex in Fairfax County, Virginia.
It is believed that the low-resolution copyrighted Washington Post photograph meets the criteria at Wikipedia:Fair use#Policy because:
- It illustrates the object in question (a large number of unsold condominiums as the housing market cooled)
- No free equivalent is available or could be created that would adequately give the same information (the freely available photograph that originally appeared in the blog post "Bubblicious Bench & Flippers at the bubblemeter blog uses the language that permission is granted "to freely copied to other sites as long as credit is given to this blog." This is not acceptable for use on Wikipedia because permission must also be granted to modify the image, not merely copy it [so long as attribution is also given]. Furthermore, after this photo appeared on the front page of the Washington Post, most of these lock boxes were quickly removed, making it impossible for anyone to take this picture again—see RIP Bubblicious Bench. Therefore, this copyrighted, nonfree image is the only one available at the current time.)
- It only is used on the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation
and because it adheres to Wikipedia:Fair use policy for the following reasons (rationale in italics, following stated policy):
1. No free equivalent is available or could be created that would adequately give the same information. If unfree material can be transformed into free material, it should be done instead of using a "fair use" defense. For example, the information in a newspaper article can easily be used as a basis of an original article and then cited as a reference. Maps and diagrams can often be redrawn from original sources, though simply "tracing" copyrighted material does not make it free. Neither photographs nor sound clips, however, can usually be "transformed" in this way. However, if the subject of the photograph still exists, a free photograph could be taken.
- Always use a more free alternative if one is available. Such images can often be used more readily outside the U.S. If you see a fair use image and know of an alternative more free equivalent, please replace it, so the Wikipedia can become as free as possible. Eventually we may have a way to identify images as more restricted than GFDL on the article pages, to make the desire for a more free image more obvious.
- There are no free equivalents of magazine covers available. The freely available photograph that originally appeared in the blog post "Bubblicious Bench & Flippers at the bubblemeter blog uses the language that permission is granted "to freely copied to other sites as long as credit is given to this blog." This is not acceptable for use on Wikipedia because permission must also be granted to modify the image, not merely copy it (so long as attribution is also given). Therefore, this copyrighted, nonfree image is the only one available at the current time.
2. The material should not be used in a manner that would likely replace the original market role of the original copyrighted media; our use of copyrighted material should not make it so that one no longer needs to purchase the actual product. Large copyrighted photographs from agencies that make their income selling photographs, for example, would likely not be "fair use" as it would be undermining the ability of the copyright holder to make money from their work.
- This is a low-resolution image of copyrighted photograph that appeared in the Washington Post. Copies this photogragh are available for sale at the Washington Post Photo Store using high quality, high-resolution images printed for framing or on items such as mugs, mouse pads, and the like. This low-resolution image cannot be used for printing on any of these items and its use in Wikipedia cannot be expected to negatively impact the commercial value of this Washington Post photograph in any way.
3. The amount of copyrighted work used should be as little as possible. Low-resolution images should be used instead of high-resolution images (especially images that are so high-resolution that they could be used for piracy). Do not use multiple images or media clips if one will serve the purpose adequately.
- A low-resolution image is used, and the amount of copyrighted work used is as little as possible.
4. The material must have previously been published.
- The material is published on the Washington Post website.
5. The material must be encyclopedic and otherwise meet general Wikipedia content requirements.
- The material illustrates a large number of unsold condominiums during the United States housing bubble, and therefore has encyclopedic value in an article on the housing bubble.
6. The material meets the media-specific policy requirements.
- This image is believed to satisfy the Wikipedia:Fair Use policy for images in the articles United States housing bubble because:
- It illustrates the object in question (a large number of unsold condominiums as the housing market cooled)
- No free equivalent is available or could be created that would adequately give the same information (the freely available photograph that originally appeared in the blog post "Bubblicious Bench & Flippers at the bubblemeter blog uses the language that permission is granted "to freely copied to other sites as long as credit is given to this blog." This is not acceptable for use on Wikipedia because permission must also be granted to modify the image, not merely copy it [so long as attribution is also given]. Furthermore, after this photo appeared on the front page of the Washington Post, most of these lock boxes were quickly removed, making it impossible for anyone to take this picture again—see RIP Bubblicious Bench. Therefore, this copyrighted, nonfree image is the only one available at the current time.)
- It only is used on the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation
7. The material must be used in at least one article.
- The material is used in at least one article.
8. The material must contribute significantly to the article (e.g. identify the subject of an article, or specifically illustrate relevant points or sections within the text) and must not serve a purely decorative purpose.
- The material contributes significantly to the article by illustrating a large number of unsold condominiums during the bubble.
9. Fair use images should be used only in the article namespace. Used outside article space, they are often enough not covered under the fair use doctrine. They should never be used on templates (including stub templates and navigation boxes) or on user pages. They should be linked, not inlined, from talk pages when they are the topic of discussion. This is because it is the policy of the Wikimedia Foundation to allow an unfree image only if no free alternative exists and only if it significantly improves the article it is included on. All other uses, even if legal under the fair use clauses of copyright law, should be avoided to keep the use of unfree images to a minimum. Exceptions can be made on a case-by-case basis if there is a broad consensus that doing so is necessary to the goal of creating a free encyclopedia (like the templates used as part of the Main Page).
- The images are used only in the article namespace.
10. The image or media description page must contain:
- Proper attribution of the source of the material, and attribution of the copyright holder (if it is different) where possible.
- An appropriate fair use tag indicating which Wikipedia policy provision permitting the use is claimed. A list of image tags can be found on the Wikipedia:Image copyright tags#Fair use page.
- For each article for which fair use is claimed, the name of the article and a "fair use rationale" as explained in Wikipedia:Image description page. The rationale must be presented in a manner that can be clearly understood and which is relevant to the article in question.
- These images are from the Washington Post website.
As a quick test, ask yourself: "Can this image be replaced by any other image, while still having the same effect?" If the answer is yes, then the image probably doesn't meet the criteria above.
- This photograph cannot be replaced by other images while still having the same effect.
[edit] Licensing
 |
This work is copyrighted and unlicensed. It does not fall into one of the blanket acceptable non-free content categories listed at Wikipedia:Non-free content#Images or Wikipedia:Non-free content#Audio clips. However, it is believed that the use of this work in the article "United States housing bubble" :
qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. Any other uses of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be copyright infringement. See Wikipedia:Non-free content and Wikipedia:Copyrights. |
File history
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| Date/Time | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| current | 02:14, 26 August 2006 | 300×222 (40 KB) | Frothy (Talk | contribs) | (== Summary == The Washington DC "bubble bench" made famous by the ''Washington Post'' article "[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/21/AR2006042101720.html Doors Close for Real Estate Speculators: After Pushing Up Prices,) |
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