Walden L. Ainsworth
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| Walden Lee Ainsworth | |
|---|---|
| November 10, 1886 – August 7, 1960 (aged 73) | |
| Nickname | "Pug" |
| Place of birth | Minneapolis, Minnesota |
| Place of death | Washington, D.C. |
| Allegiance | United States of America |
| Service/branch | United States Navy |
| Years of service | 1910-1948 |
| Rank | Vice Admiral |
| Commands held | Destroyer Squadron 2 USS Mississippi "Ainsworth Express" 5th Naval District |
| Battles/wars | Occupation of Veracruz World War I World War II *Battle of Kula Gulf *Battle of Guam |
| Awards | Navy Cross Distinguished Service Medal Legion of Merit (2) |
Walden Lee "Pug" Ainsworth (10 November 1886 – 7 August 1960) was an admiral of the United States Navy. For his role in commanding destroyer and cruiser task forces in the Pacific during World War II, he was awarded the Navy Cross, the Navy Distinguished Service Medal, and the Legion of Merit.
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[edit] Early life and career
Ainsworth was born on 10 November 1886 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He entered the United States Naval Academy on 21 June 1906 and graduated on 3 June 1910. Following successive two-year tours at sea in Iowa (BB-4) and in transport Prairie, he shifted to Florida (BB-30) during the spring of 1914, just in time to act as the adjutant of one of the battalions that landed at Veracruz, Mexico, on 21 April. Upon the successful completion of that operation, he returned to Florida and served in her until sent to DeKalb (Id. No. 3010) in May 1917. During the participation of the United States in World War I, he served in transports DeKalb and America (Id. No. 3006). During the last months of the conflict, he found himself in Frederick (ACR-8).
[edit] Interwar assignments
In February 1919, the young officer went to Charles Town, West Virginia, for two years as inspector of ordnance at the Navy's Armor and Projectile Plant before returning to sea as executive officer of the transport Hancock (AP-3). Then, after a brief stint holding the same post in the light cruiser Birmingham (CL-2), he commanded the destroyer Marcus (DD-321) for a year before becoming inspector of ordnance at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In August 1924, orders sent him to the New York Navy Yard.
By the end of 1925, Ainsworth's growing stature in the field of ordnance won him the position of gunnery officer on the staff of the Commander, Destroyer Squadrons, Asiatic Fleet. In July 1927, he took command of Paul Jones (DD-230), but left that destroyer late in the summer of 1928 to begin three years at the Naval Academy as an instructor in the Department of Navigation.
At the end of the 1930–31 academic year, Ainsworth returned to sea in Idaho (BB-42) to serve as that battleship's navigator. Next came a tour in heavy cruiser Pensacola (CA-24) and one as communication officer for the 14th Naval District before he reported to the Naval War College at Newport, R.I., for the senior course. In June 1936, Ainsworth became the executive officer of Mississippi (BB-41) and, two years later, he became Professor of Naval Science and Tactics at Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana.
[edit] World War II
World War II in Europe was almost a year old when he took command of Destroyer Squadron 2 (DesRon 2) on 22 July 1940, and the United States had just entered that conflict when he returned to Mississippi as her commanding officer on 19 December 1941. Ainsworth promptly took that veteran battleship to the Pacific to strengthen the Navy's surface force in that ocean which had been seriously weakened by the Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor.
On 4 July 1942, Ainsworth took administrative command of all Pacific Fleet destroyers. On 10 December of that year, Admiral William F. Halsey gave him the additional duty of commanding Task Force 67 (TF 67) which had been badly mauled in the recent Battle of Tassafaronga; and, under his leadership that cruiser-destroyer force was soon winning renown as the "Ainsworth Express" for its fierce fighting in support of the final American drive to push Japanese troops off Guadalcanal. Its bombardment of the new Japanese air base at Munda on the island of New Georgia would be, in the words of naval historian, Samuel Eliot Morison, "... long regarded as a model...."
Transferred to command of TF 18 and Cruiser Division 9 (CruDiv 9), Ainsworth continued his success during a prolonged series of runs up the long, narrow body of water between the central Solomon Islands which American bluejackets had nicknamed "the Slot". These operations parried the thrusts by Japanese warships challenging Allied control of the area. At the end of June, the tempo of American fighting in the southwestern Pacific picked up since the Navy had finally managed to assemble enough amphibious shipping in that theatre to resume the offensive. On the night of 4–5 July, TF 18 moved up "the Slot" and bombarded Japanese positions at Vila on Kolombangara and at Baiko on New Georgia. The next afternoon, while Ainsworth's force was retiring from this action, word reached him that a large Japanese force was heading toward "the Slot". In an effort to meet and check this new threat, his warships again reversed course and headed toward the enemy. Ainsworth's "... outstanding leadership, brilliant tactics and courageous conduct ..." in the ensuing battle of Kula Gulf won him a Navy Cross. He also received the Distinguished Service Medal for his overall performance in the Southwest Pacific.
About a year later, Ainsworth won the Legion of Merit Medal by his "... exceptionally meritorious conduct ..." while commanding the fire support group during operations which recaptured Guam. Finally, he received a gold star in lieu of a second Legion of Merit for his display of "... exceptional ability and aggressiveness in handling the organization and administration of the cruisers, destroyers, destroyer escorts, and patrol frigates of the Pacific Fleet."
[edit] Post-war life
After returning to the United States in the summer of 1945, Vice Admiral Ainsworth commanded the Fifth Naval District until retiring on 1 December 1948. He died in Washington, D.C., on 7 August 1960.
[edit] Namesake
In 1972, the destroyer escort USS Ainsworth (DE-1090) was named in his honor.
[edit] References
- This article includes text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships.
