Waldemar Pawlak
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| Waldemar Pawlak | |
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| In office June 5, 1992 – July 10, 1992 |
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| President | Lech Wałęsa |
| Preceded by | Jan Olszewski |
| Succeeded by | Hanna Suchocka |
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| In office October 26, 1993 – March 6, 1995 |
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| President | Lech Wałęsa |
| Vice PM | Marek Borowski Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz |
| Preceded by | Hanna Suchocka |
| Succeeded by | Józef Oleksy |
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| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office November 16, 2007 Along with Grzegorz Schetyna |
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| Prime Minister | Donald Tusk |
| Preceded by | Zyta Gilowska Przemysław Gosiewski |
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| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office November 16, 2007 |
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| President | Lech Kaczyński |
| Prime Minister | Donald Tusk |
| Deputy | Adam Szejnfeld |
| Preceded by | Piotr Woźniak |
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| In office 1991 – 1997 |
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| Preceded by | Roman Bartoszcze |
| Succeeded by | Jarosław Kalinowski |
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| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 29 January 2005 |
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| Preceded by | Janusz Wojciechowski |
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| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office June 28, 1989 |
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| Born | September 5, 1959 Model, People's Republic of Poland |
| Political party | Polish People's Party |
| Profession | Mechanician, farmer, teacher |
| Religion | Atheist |
Waldemar Pawlak (pronounced [valˈdɛmar ˈpavlak], born 5 September 1959) is a Polish politician. He twice served as Prime Minister of Poland, briefly in 1992 and again from 1993 to 1995. Since November 2007, he has been Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of the Economy.
He is also a longtime commander of the Polish Volunteer fire department, holding rank of Brigade General.
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[edit] Early life and early political career
Pawlak was born in village of Model in the Masovian Voivodeship. He is a graduate of the Warsaw University of Technology. During studied and the martial law he actively participated in strikes.
After graduation (1984) he became a teacher of the (computers use) in Pacyna.
His political career began in 1985, when he joined the United People's Party. After [[1990] he joined, as most of UPS members, successive Polish People's Party.
He was elected from the UPS list to the Contract Sejm (1989) and remained Sejm member today. He became a leader (Prezes) of the PPP in 1991.
[edit] First Premiership
His first premiership (June 5 - July 7, 1992) was the briefest Government during this period, lasted only 33 days[1]. This was, however, notable period, known commonly as Pawlak's 33 days (33 dni Pawlaka)[2].
After downfall of Jan Olszewski's cabinet, Pawlak, a leader of the agrarian Polish People's Party, was named new Prime Minister by President Lech Wałęsa with mission, to form a new coalition government included agrarians, christian democrats and liberals[3].
However, Pawlak government failed to gain a support from Sejm majority and failed in vote of confidence. He resigned and President replaced him by Hanna Suchocka, who won support from majority.
Pawlak's first premiership and his role was and is widely viewed as caretaker administration, to give a new coalition time to form next government, after political disturbance after fall of the Olszewski government[4].
Because cabinet did not recevied support from Sejm, at this time Pawlak had no official ministers, only temporary chiefs of executive branches[5].
[edit] Second Premiership
- Further information: Polish parliamentary election, 1993
Polish People's Party and social democratic, post-communist Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) won 1993 election in landslide, holding super-majority and former together socialist-agrarian government, with Pawlak as Prime Minister again.
Józef Oleksy of SLD became Sejm Marshal, while SLD leader Aleksander Kwaśniewski remained Sejm Member without portfolio.
He made headlines when he chose Ewa Wachowicz (Miss Polonia) as his press secretary.
Prime Minister Pawlak and Kwaśniewski soon found themselves in bitter political odds. Kwaśniewski reportedly had an ambition to became "Prime Minister de facto", while Pawlak wanted to retain power of his office. Both leaders used their parties to fighting for power[6].
Pawlak was initially in informal alliance with President Wałęsa against SLD. However their good political relations lasted soon[7].
In 1995 Pawlak offered a three options to Kwaśniewski. First: he will remain Prime Minister but with Kwaśniewski as Deputy and Minister of Foering Affairs. Second: SLD will form government with Kwaśniewski as PM. Third: Oleksy became PM under present coalition. Pawlak reportedly thought that Kwaśniewski won't risk minority SLD government withous support of majority or elevation of his main partisan opponent Oleksy to Prime Minister and rather choose being deputy of Pawlak. However Kwaśniewski surpised many by choosing third option[8].
[edit] In political vacuum
- Further information: Polish presidential election, 1995
- Further information: Polish parliamentary election, 1997
Despite good public approval rantings Pawlak failed his bid for Presidency in 1995, finished distant fifth (after Kwaśniewski, Wałęsa, Jacek Kuroń and Jan Olszewski), winning only 770,417 votes (4.31%).
A losing of political battle with Kwaśniewski and, after that, Presidential election, was viewed as main reason to replacing Pawlak with Jarosław Kalinowski as party leader in 1997[9].
PLS suffered a great political disaster during 1997 parliamentary elections and became the smallest party in Sejm (from 132 seats in 1993 to just 27).
After this Pawlak for nearly decade keep low political and public positions. Although he serving since 1989 as Sejm Member, he concentrated rather on business of firefighting activity.
After SLD won decisively 2001 parliamentary election Kalinowski became Deputy of new Prime Minister Leszek Miller, after PSL joined coalition. Pawlak did not play major role during this period.
[edit] Comeback
- Further information: Cabinet of Donald Tusk
Pawlak comeback began in 2005 when he became PSL leader again.
Currently, in new liberal Civic Platform (PO)-PSL government, formed after Polish parliamentary election, 2007 Pawlak became first deputy prime minister and Minister of Economy under Prime Minister Donald Tusk.
Although PSL is still the smallest party in Sejm, better electoral results, eliminating major opponent among agrarian votes (Samoobrona) and regaining a major politician force in rural areas and good position (three portfolios) with Tusk cabinet (without PSL votes, PO have no majority, even if is biggest party) are often cited as Pawlak's major political victory[10].
[edit] Personal live and public image
Pawlak was, for many years, criticized for stiff personality (he was called "Cyborg Prime Minister"). However these criticisms have diminished in recent years[11].
Pawlak is married and has children. However, there are from years many rumors about his womanizing. His wife, Elżbieta, is because of this called sometimes "Pawlak's formal wife".[12].
[edit] Trivia
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Trivia sections are discouraged under Wikipedia guidelines. The article could be improved by integrating relevant items and removing inappropriate ones. |
Pawlak is the only person who held PM office twice during Third Republic (from 1989) period and youngest Polish Prime Minister ever.
[edit] Second Waldemar Pawlak cabinet
Members of Pawlak cabinet:
- Prime Minister: Waldemar Pawlak (PSL)
- Deputy PM and Minister of Finance: Marek Borowski (SLD)
- Deputy PM and Minister of Justice: Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz (SLD)
- Deputy PM and Minister of Education: Aleksander Łuczak (PSL)
- Minister of Construction: Barbara Blida (SLD)
- Minister of Culture: Kazimierz Dejmek (PSL)
- Minister of Property Conversion: Wiesław Kaczmarek (SLD)
- Minister of Defense: Piotr Kołodziejczyk
- Minister of Transport: Bogusław Liberadzki (SLD)
- Minister of Interior: Andrzej Milczanowski
- Minister of Labor: Leszek Miller (SLD)
- Minister of Foreign Affairs: Andrzej Olechowski
- Director of the CUP (Central Planning Office): Mirosław Pietrewicz (PSL)
- Minister of Economic Cooperation with Foreign Business: Lesław Podkański (PSL)
- Minister of Industry and Trade: Marek Pol (UP)
- Director of the URM (the Cabinet Office): Michał Strąk (PSL)
- Minister of Agriculture: Andrzej Śmietanko (PSL)
- Minister of Communications: Andrzej Zieliński (PSL)
- Minister of Environment Preservation: Andrzej Żelichowski (SLD)
- Minister of Health: Ryszard Żochowski (SLD)
- President of the Committee for Scientific Research: Witold Karczewski
[edit] External links
[edit] References
- ^ www.premier.gov.pl :: Prime Ministers
- ^ People of the Year, Polityka, December 27, 2007
- ^ People of the Year, Polityka, December 27, 2007
- ^ People of the Year, Polityka, December 27, 2007
- ^ www.premier.gov.pl :: Składy Rady Ministrów w latach 1989 - 2006
- ^ Agnieszka Chruścińska, Kwaśniewski jestem, 1995
- ^ Agnieszka Chruścińska, Kwaśniewski jestem, 1995
- ^ Agnieszka Chruścińska, Kwaśniewski jestem, 1995
- ^ People of the Year, Polityka, December 27, 2007
- ^ People of the Year, Polityka, December 27, 2007
- ^ People of the Year, Polityka, December 27, 2007
- ^ People of the Year, Polityka, December 27, 2007
This article incorporates text translated from the corresponding Polish Wikipedia article as of 2008-01-30.
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| Preceded by Jan Olszewski |
Prime Minister of Poland 1992 |
Succeeded by Hanna Suchocka |
| Preceded by Hanna Suchocka |
Prime Minister of Poland 1993–1995 |
Succeeded by Józef Oleksy |
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