Vincent Otti

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Otti (right) sitting with LRA leader Joseph Kony
Otti (right) sitting with LRA leader Joseph Kony

Vincent Otti (born ca. 1946, confirmed as dead with date of death thought to be 3 November 2007[1]) was deputy-leader of the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), a rebel guerrilla army operating mainly in northern Uganda and southern Sudan. He was one of the five persons for whom the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued its first arrest warrants on 8 July 2005. Rumours of his death began to circulate in October 2007 but were not confirmed until January 2008.

Contents

[edit] Early life

Otti was born around 1946 in the Atiak sub-county of Gulu District, Uganda,[citation needed] and his parents died when he was young.[2] He was working as a shopkeeper in Kampala when he joined the Lord's Resistance Army in 1987.[3]

[edit] Lord's Resistance Army

Otti joined the Lord's Resistance Army when it was founded in 1987.[3] He rose to the rank of Lieutenant General and became the LRA's vice-chairman, second in command to Joseph Kony.[3] He was reportedly a member of the "Control Altar", the core leadership group that devises the LRA's strategy.[3] During the Juba peace talks, which began in July 2006, Otti emerged as the chief spokesperson for the LRA.

He is alleged to have led the Balonyo massacre in February 2004, during which more than 300 villagers were shot, hacked and burned to death.[3] In 1994, the LRA attacked Atiak, Otti's home town, killing more than 200 people.[2] Otti's brothers reportedly fled the village after the family was accused of breeding a "killer".[2]

[edit] Indictment by the ICC

Vincent Otti (right) with Kony (left) and Riek Machar (center) in May 2006 in Yambio.
Vincent Otti (right) with Kony (left) and Riek Machar (center) in May 2006 in Yambio.

On 8 July 2005, a Pre-Trial Chamber of the International Criminal Court found that there were reasonable grounds to believe that Otti had committed war crimes and crimes against humanity, and issued a sealed warrant for his arrest.[4][5] He was charged with 21 counts of war crimes (including murder, pillaging, inducing rape, forced enlisting of children, intentionally directing an attack against a civilian population, and cruel treatment of civilians) and 11 counts of crimes against humanity (including murder, sexual enslavement, and inhumane acts of inflicting serious bodily injury and suffering).[4][5]

[edit] Death

In October 2007, sources in the Ugandan military reported that "Otti was killed on or around 8 October 2007 during a high command meeting that Kony convened at his base camp in Garamba", following a disagreement with Kony over the peace process.[6][7] LRA defector Sunday Otto, who claims to have been present during the execution, states that Otti was killed on October 2nd, along with two other officers, and that Otti was the impetus behind the negotiations for peace.[8] However, Member of Parliament Reagan Okumu claims to have spoken with Otti by telephone on or around 19 October 2007, but says he has since been unavailable.[9] LRA spokesperson Martin Ojul has repeatedly denied that Otti was executed and claimed that Otti was simply suffering from cholera.[10] On 7 November 2007, Kony told Gulu district chairman Norbert Mao that Otti was alive and had been detained for plotting to kill Kony and "conspiring with the enemies of the LRA".[10] Kony also stated that Otti would not be allowed to speak with anyone until the LRA decided it was appropriate.[10]

The President of Southern Sudan, Salva Kiir Mayardit, said on 7 November 2007 that Otti's status remained unclear.[11] The government of Southern Sudan has sent a team to the Congolese border to investigate Otti's fate.[10]

The government newspaper New Vision reported on 22 November, based on statements from LRA defectors, that Otti had been executed by firing squad, along with "many others", on 2 October. Defectors said that he had asked Kony to allow him to speak to his son before his execution. "To strengthen Kony's spirit", Otti's body was said to not have been buried for three days after his death.[12] Defectors also claimed Otti had been killed because of his enthusiasm for peace, thus questioning Kony's actual commitment to peace negotiations.[13] On 21 December 2007 a diplomatic briefing claimed that Otti was executed on 2 October 2007 at Kony's home. According to this account, when Otti arrived there he found that the home was surrounded by Kony's guards, and before entering he made a phone call to Kony due to his concern about this, but was reassured by Kony. Inside the house, however, LRA commanders held Otti at gunpoint and told him that he was arrested; he was then bound, blindfolded and taken outside, where he was shot, despite his pleas for mercy. Kony subsequently claimed that Otti had received foreign funds and was trying to kill him.[citation needed] On 23 January 2008, Kony confirmed that Otti was dead, but did not offer any details.[14]

Otti's name has been used in a phishing email circulating the internet that references Otti's Wikipedia entry.[citation needed]

[edit] Notes and references

  1. ^ BBC NEWS | Africa | Uganda's LRA confirm Otti death
  2. ^ a b c Grace Matsiko and Samuel Egadu (10 November 2007). "Uganda: Otti's Relatives Plead With Kony Not to Kill Him". The Monitor. Accessed on 12 November 2007.
  3. ^ a b c d e Noel Mwakugu (7 November 2007). "Profile: LRA deputy Vincent Otti". BBC News. Accessed on 12 November 2007.
  4. ^ a b International Criminal Court (5 July 2005). Warrant of Arrest for Vincent OttiPDF (230 KiB). Accessed on November 8, 2007.
  5. ^ a b International Criminal Court (14 October 2005). "Warrant of Arrest unsealed against five LRA Commanders". Accessed on November 12, 2007.
  6. ^ Alfred Wasike, Chris Ocowun & Dennis Ojwee (6 November 2007). "LRA boss Kony names new deputy". The New Vision. Accessed on 8 November 2007.
  7. ^ BBC News (7 November 2007). "Ugandan rebel deputy feared dead". Accessed on 8 November 2007.
  8. ^ "How Vincent Otti was was killed", The New Vision, 9 December 2007
  9. ^ Frank Nyakairu (11 November 2007). "LRA without Otti becomes faceless". The Monitor. Accessed on 12 November 2007.
  10. ^ a b c d Alfred Wasike, Dennis Ojwee and Caroline Ayugi (8 November 2007). "LRA leader speaks out on deputy Otti". The New Vision. Accessed on 8 November 2007.
  11. ^ Frank Nyakairu, Grace Matsiko and Samuel Egadu (8 November 2007). "S. Sudan president speaks on Otti's fate". The Monitor. Accessed on November 8, 2007.
  12. ^ "Lord's Resistance Army leader killed: report", DPA (IOL), 22 November 2007.
  13. ^ "Deputy of Uganda’s rebel LRA executed - deserters", Reuters (Sudan Tribune), December 1, 2007.
  14. ^ "Kony confirms Otti’s death", The New Vision, 23 January 2008

[edit] External links

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