Veterans Land Board Scandal

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The Veterans’ Land Board Scandal was a political scandal in Texas in the mid-1950s.

The Veterans Land Act had been enacted in November 1946. The proposal called for issuing $25 million in bonds, the proceeds of which would be used by the state government to purchase land and resell it to veterans of World War II at 3 % interest on 40 year loans. In early 1951 another $75 million was appropriated by the state for this purpose. The only stipulations on the purchase was that the loan could not be for more than $7,500 and the tracts of land could not be less than 20 acres (80,000 m²). A 5 % downpayment was required, and the land could not be resold for three years. The law allowed for "block sales," whereby veterans could join together to buy the land. This was allowed because it would be difficult to buy 20 acres (80,000 m²) with only $7,500.

The scandal was unearthed in November 1954 when reporter Roland Towery learned that many of the veterans who purchased land in block sales were not even aware that they had purchased land. In fact, many were led to believe that they were getting free land as part of a veteran entitlement program or else were receiving some type of veterans' compensation from the state. When Towery asked General Land Office commissioner Bascom Giles about these irregularities, Giles denied involvement, attributing the irregularities to local land speculators. Struck by the fact that Giles had defended himself before even being accused of anything, Towrey ran with the story, accelerating an investigation begun by the state attorney general the previous year.

Fraud was soon discovered in nine south Texas counties, and numerous members of the General Land Office were charged with fraud and conspiracy to defraud veterans. Giles was imprisoned for his role in the scandal, and many others paid heavy fines for their crimes. Governor Allan Shivers, as a member of the Veterans Land Board, was badly tainted by the scandal. Ralph Yarborough and his allies in the liberal wing of the Texas Democratic Party pointed to the scandal as an example of the kind of corruption that the conservative Shivercrats were willing to overlook.