Vertical volute spring suspension
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During the 1930s, many innovations in components of light tanks would make US tanks the most reliable in the world. These included rubber-bushed tracks, rear mounted radial engines and the vertical volute spring suspension.
A volute spring is a coiled strip of metal with the inner coil at one end and the outer at the other. Because the coils touch, it is more stable and powerful than any leaf, coil, or torsion bar spring in the same volume. Mounted vertically in a road wheel bogie for a pair of road wheels in a tank made a very compact compact unit.[1]
The Rock Island Arsenal produced a small tank for the cavalry which used vertical volute spring suspension instead of leaf spring suspension. Standardized as the M1 Combat Car, it entered service with the US Army in 1937. [2]The design was used in the M2 Light Tank and subsequent Stuart tank series. Design features of the Stuart were scaled up for use in the first M2 Medium Tanks which would evolve into the more successful M3 Lee and M4 Sherman, all using the VVSS.
Battle experience showed a relatively short life of the original vertical volute spring suspension of the late models M3s due to the tank's increasing combat weight with larger guns and the for larger tracks. After mid-1944, M4A3 models of the Sherman adopted a newly developed Horizontal Volute Spring Suspension. [3]This type of suspension involved springing the pair of dual road wheels on each bogie against each other with a volute spring. When the horizontal volute springs were placed in compression by either the front or rear bogie wheel arm, the load was transmitted to the opposite arm. This kept tension on the track. Compared to the vertical volute spring suspension which it replaced on the US M4 Sherman, HVSS was heavier, but stronger, allowed the changing of individual wheel and increased wheel travel.
[edit] Also see
[edit] Notes
- ^ Tanks & Artillery: Standard Guide to U S World War II Konrad F., Jr. Schreier p. 6
- ^ Globalsecurity M1 Combat Car
- ^ AFV database
