Vernonieae

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Vernonieae
Ironweed (Vernonia altissima)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Tribe: Vernonieae Cassini
Genera
Partial list: Centratherum[1] Cyanthillium[1] Elephantopus[1] Pseudelephantopus[1] Stokesia[1] Vernonia[1]

Vernonieae is a tribe of about 1300 species of plants in the aster family. They are mostly found in the tropics and warmer temperate areas, both in the Americas and the Old World. They are mostly herbaceous plants or shrubs, although there is at least one tree species, Vernonia arborea.^[1]

[edit] Taxonomy

Vernonieae is considered sister to the tribe Liabeae.^[1][2][3] The tribe originated in southern Africa or Madagascar, and spread to the Americas in at least two different events.^[2]

In many works some 80% of the species in this tribe are classified in the genus Vernonia. Other authors, like Harold E. Robinson, divide the tribe into a larger number of small genera.^[1]

[edit] References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i} 187d. Asteraceae Martinov tribe Vernonieae Cassini. Flora of North America.
2. ^ ^{a b} Sterling C. Keeleya, Zac H. Forsmanb and Raymund Chana (July 2007). "A phylogeny of the “evil tribe” (Vernonieae: Compositae) reveals Old/New World long distance dispersal: Support from separate and combined congruent datasets (trnL-F, ndhF, ITS)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44 (1): 89–103. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.12.024. 
3. ^ Panero, JL; VA Funk (2002-12-30). "Toward a phylogenetic subfamilial classification for the Compositae (Asteraceae)" (^{[dead link]} – ^{Scholar search}). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 115 (4): 909–922. Biological Society of Washington.