Vault RNA

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Vault RNA

Type:	Gene;
2° structure:	Predicted; PFOLD; Bateman A
Seed alignment:	Bateman A
Avg length:	103.0 nucleotides
Avg identity:	74%

Vault RNAs are an RNA family found as part of the vault ribonucleoprotein complex first discovered in 1986. The complex consists of a major vault protein (MVP), two minor vault proteins (VPARP and TEP1), and several small untranslated RNA molecules. Each vault particle contains 8-16 vRNA molecules. It has been suggested that the vault complex is involved in drug resistance ^[1]. Cryo electron microscopy has revealed the vRNA resides internally close to the ends of the vault caps. The position of vRNA suggests that it could interact with both the interior and exterior of the vault particle.^[2] It has been shown that TEP1 is involved in stabilising the vRNA.^[3]

[edit] Species distribution

Vault RNAs have been found in:

Human
Rodents
Bullfrog

Vaults but not the vRNA have also been isolated^[4] from:

sea urchin
Dictyostelium
Acanthamoeba

[edit] References

^ Scheffer GL, Wijngaard PLJ, Flens MJ, Izquierdo MA, Slovak M, Meijer C, Clevers HC and Scheper RJ (1995). "The Drug Resistance-Related Protein Lrp Is the Human Major Vault Protein". Nature Medicine 1: 578–582. doi:10.1038/nm0695-578.
^ Kong LB, Siva AC, Kickhoefer VA, Rome LH, Stewart PL (2000). "RNA location and modeling of a WD40 repeat domain within the vault". RNA 6 (6): 890–900. PMID 10864046.
^ Kickhoefer VA, Liu Y, Kong LB, et al (2001). "The Telomerase/vault-associated protein TEP1 is required for vault RNA stability and its association with the vault particle". J. Cell Biol. 152 (1): 157–64. PMID 11149928.
^ Kedersha NL, Miquel MC, Bittner D, Rome LH (1990). "Vaults. II. Ribonucleoprotein structures are highly conserved among higher and lower eukaryotes.". J Cell Biol 110: 895–901. doi:10.1083/jcb.110.4.895. PMID 1691193.