Unterseeboot 94 (1940)
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Career (Nazi Germany) | |
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Name: | U-94 |
Ordered: | 30 May 1938 |
Builder: | Germaniawerft, Kiel, yard 599 |
Laid down: | 9 September 1939 |
Commissioned: | 10 August 1940 |
Fate: | Sunk 28 August 1942 in the Caribbean Sea. |
Class and type: | VIIC |
Service record | |
Part of | Kriegsmarine: 7. Unterseebootsflottille |
Identification codes | M 07 970 |
Commanders | Herbert Kuppisch Otto Ites |
Operations | 10 |
Victories | 26 ships sunk; 141,853 gross register tons (GRT) |
Unterseeboot 94 (commonly abbreviated U-94) was a German submarine commissioned and used operationally during World War II. U-94 had sunk a total of 26 Allied ships at the time of her sinking in 1942.
Contents |
[edit] Wartime career
The keel of U-94 was laid down on 9 September 1939 at Germaniawerft in Kiel, Germany. U-94 was built as a Type VIIC U-boat, the workhorse of the German submarine fleet. U-94 was commissioned on 10 August 1940 and assigned to 7. Unterseebootsflottille (German submarine flotilla) on the same date, Herbert Kuppisch commanded U-94 from its commissioning until 29 August 1941. Otto Ites commanded U-94 from then until her sinking on 28 August 1942. U-94 served her entire career with 7. Unterseebootsflottille, during which she completed ten wartime patrols and sank a total of 26 allied ships and damaged one other.[1] The ships sunk by U-94 totalled 141,853 Gross Register Tonnes or GRT, the single damaged ship totalled 8,022 GRT.[2]
[edit] Wartime patrols
- First patrol (20 November 1940 to 31 December 1940) – U-94 sank three British Ships, Stirlingshire, Wilhelmina, and Empire Statesman.
- Second patrol (9 January 1941 to 19 February 1941) - U-94 sank three British ships, Florian, West Wales, and Rushpool.
- Third patrol (29 March 1941 to 18 April 1941) – U-94 sank one British ship, Harbledown and one Norwegian ship, Lincoln Ellsworth.
- Fourth patrol (29 April 1941 to 4 June 1941) – U-94 sank two British ships, Ixion and Norman Monarch and two Norwegian ships, Eastern Star and John P Pedersen.
- Fifth patrol (12 July 1941 to 16 August 1941) – U-94 did not sink any ships during the patrol.
- Sixth patrol (2 September 1941 to 9 September 1941) – U-94 sank three British ships, Newbury, Empire Eland, and San Florentino and one Greek ship, Pegasus.
- Seventh patrol (12 January 1942 to 30 January 1942) - U-94 did not sink any ships during the patrol.
- Eight patrol (12 February 1942 to 2 April 1942) – U-94 sank one British ship Empire Hail and damaged one British ship, Imperial Transport, sunk a Brazilian ship, Cayrú and sunk a Norwegian ship, Hvoslef.
- Ninth patrol (4 May 1942 to 23 June 1942) – U-94 sank four British ships, Batna, Ramsay, Empire Clough, and Pontypridd, the Panamanian ship, Coclé, the Swedish ship, Tolken, and the Portuguese ship, Maria de Gloria.
- Tenth patrol (3 August 1942 to 28 August 1942) - U-94 did not sink any ships during the patrol and was sunk on 28 August 1942.
[edit] Sinking
U-94 was sunk on 28 August 1942[3] in the Caribbean Sea while preparing to attack an allied convoy. U-94 was spotted and attacked by a United States Navy Catalina flying boat of patrol squadron VP-92, with depth charges. This attack crippled U-94, she surfaced and was subsequently rammed and fired upon by a Royal Canadian Navy Corvette, HMCS Oakville. 19 crewmembers of U-94 were killed in the sinking, 26 survived the attack including the commander. The losses U-94 suffered during her sinking were the first known losses for U-94 during her career. The survivors of U-94 were rescued by HMCS Oakville and brought to Guantanamo, Cuba, where they were interrogated by American officials on 29 August.
[edit] Trivia
- One of the 19 crew members of U-94 killed during the attack, Gerhardt Slawik, was a German-American who lived in the United States until the age of 15 before moving to Germany.[4]
[edit] Notes
- ^ Bishop. p. 78.
- ^ Bishop. p.78
- ^ Note: United States Navy records list U-94 as being sunk on 27 August (see U.S. Navy report). Yet post-war publications (Bishop, p.78 and Miller, p.174) list U-94 as being sunk on 28 August
- ^ Report of the interrogation of survivors from U-94 sunk on August 27, 1942. Chapter.II, p.4
[edit] References
- Bishop, C. Kriegsmarine U-Boats, 1939-45. Amber Books, 2006.
- Kriegsmarine and U-Boat history. U-Boat Operations, U-94. Accessed 18 April 2007. From http://www.ubootwaffe.net.
- Miller, David. U-Boats: the Illustrated History of the Raiders of the Deep. Washington: Brassey’s Inc, 2000.
- Navy department Office of the Chief of Naval Operations Washington. Report of the interrogation of survivors from U-94 sunk on August 27, 1942. Washington, September 16, 1942. Accessed 18 April 2007. From http://www.uboatarchive.net/U-94INT.htm
- U-Boat.Net.U-94. Accessed 18 April 2007. From http://www.uboat.net.