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A universal quantum simulator is a quantum computer proposed by Richard Feynman in 1982.[1] Feynman showed that a classical Turing machine would experience an exponential slowdown when simulating quantum phenomena, while his hypothetical universal quantum simulator would not. David Deutsch later, in 1985, took the ideas further and described the first true Universal quantum computer.
A quantum system of many particles is described by an exponentially large Hilbert space. Therefore, a classical computer requires exponentially many resources (space and/or time) to simulate its evolution. The proposed solution involves the development of a computing machine that follows the laws of quantum mechanics. In this case, a quantum system of many particles could be simulated by this quantum machine using a number of quantum bits similar to the number of particles in the original system.
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