Umber

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Umber is a natural brown clay pigment which contains iron and manganese oxides. The color becomes more intense when calcined (heated), and the resulting pigment is called burnt umber. The name derives from Umbria,^{[citation needed]} a mountainous region of central Italy, but it is found in many parts of the world. Some of the finest umber comes from Cyprus. It has been used as a pigment since prehistoric times.

Chemical formula: Fe₂O₃ + MnO₂ + nH₂O + Si + Al₂O₃

[edit] See also

• Burnt umber
• Clay earth pigment
• Ochre
• Sienna

[edit] External links

• Discussion of umber and its use by Vermeer and other painters

v • d • e Manganese minerals Borates Sussexite · Tusionite Carbonates Ankerite · Kutnohorite · Rhodochrosite  · Manganoan Calcite Oxides Birnessite · Bixbyite · Ferrocolumbite · Ferrotantalite · Galaxite · Glaucochroite · Hausmannite · Hübnerite · Jacobsite · Manganite · Manganotantalite · Nsutite · Psilomelane · Pyrolusite · Romanèchite · Tantalite · Todorokite · Umber · Wolframite Phosphates Childrenite · Graftonite · Lithiophilite · Natrophilite · Purpurite · Triplite · Triploidite · Zanazziite Silicates Babingtonite · Bixbite · Braunite · Calderite · Chloritoid · Eudialyte · Jeffersonite · Knebelite · Ottrelite · Piemontite · Pyroxferroite · Rhodonite · Spessartine · Sugilite · Tephroite · Zakharovite · Zircophyllite Sulfides Alabandite · Hauerite · Rambergite Other Axinite (borosilicate) · Geigerite (arsenate) · Manganese nodule (various) · Zincobotryogen (sulfate)