Talk:Ultraviolet

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Help with this template Comments: edit – history – watch – refresh I was looking for frequency ranges for the three UV bands. The article mentions the band, but does not authoritatively link the band names to the wavelengths.

Contents 1 Archives 2 Black Lights 3 UV Light and Meat 4 GA Re-Review and In-line citations 5 Eye protection and UVA, UVB 6 Black Light/UV Light 7 Contradiction 8 Discovery 9 DNA picture 10 Quote from Madhavacharya 11 Psoriasis and other skin diseases 12 UV characteristics in Nature 13 GA status 14 Semen 15 Image 16 Subtypes 17 UVA and Melanoma 18 sunscreen contradiction 19 Quick tan that lasts for days?? 20 Possible contradiction

[edit] Archives

Talk:Ultraviolet archive 1

[edit] Black Lights

Can you get a tan from a black light? Can you get skin cancer from a black light?

• Yes on both counts, buddy. - Roger

Can anyone give a layman's explanation of why black lights cause organic materials (blood, urine) to glow?

• See fluorescence. Essentially, stuff like this absorbes UV light and re-radiates visible light. I've altered the section on this to make it clear. -- DrBob 17:02, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

I have 2 12" cold cathode black lights meant for putting in a pc case with a window, but i have them both fastened on the edge of a desk right next to me making stickers and such glow... they are about 20cm from my arm when im using the mouse, is this harmfull and should i move them? how far away should they be?

Does it makes sense that UVA, which is closer to visible light, penetrates deeper into the skin than the other two, which are closer to X-Rays?

• I'm a professional in the beauty industry, and all my literature says that UVA goes deeper and causes aging, and UVB affects the surface and causes burning. I believe this article may be incorrect by confusing the effects on the skin. 24.107.144.193 21:53, 8 April 2007 (UTC) Ben

I have made some changes - the A & B were swapped a few days ago and it looke d abit suspect to me at the time. SFC9394 23:41, 8 April 2007 (UTC)

I was looking through this article to see if clouds block UV and if you could get suntan while sun is blocked by clouds, but couldn't find an answer. Neither did i find it in "clouds" and "suntan" articles. I suggest if someone knows an answer it should be added to one or all of those articles. --89.178.16.203 13:26, 21 July 2007 (UTC)

[edit] UV Light and Meat

Is it possible for UV light to tenderize meat as stated at http://www.lileks.com/postcards/rest/roundup.html? - MSTCrow 16:10, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

jeez I would think someone with the name MSTCrow could recognize sarcasm when he sees it but...--Deglr6328 16:51, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

[edit] GA Re-Review and In-line citations

Note: This article has a small number of in-line citations for an article of its size and currently would not pass criteria 2b.
Members of the Wikipedia:WikiProject Good articles are in the process of doing a re-review of current Good Article listings to ensure compliance with the standards of the Good Article Criteria. (Discussion of the changes and re-review can be found here). A significant change to the GA criteria is the mandatory use of some sort of in-line citation (In accordance to WP:CITE) to be used in order for an article to pass the verification and reference criteria. It is recommended that the article's editors take a look at the inclusion of in-line citations as well as how the article stacks up against the rest of the Good Article criteria. GA reviewers will give you at least a week's time from the date of this notice to work on the in-line citations before doing a full re-review and deciding if the article still merits being considered a Good Article or would need to be de-listed. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact us on the Good Article project talk page or you may contact me personally. On behalf of the Good Articles Project, I want to thank you for all the time and effort that you have put into working on this article and improving the overall quality of the Wikipedia project. Agne 00:06, 26 September 2006 (UTC)

Here are a wealth of citiations, particularly concerned with UV biological concerns:

CIE, Biologically effective emissions and hazard potential of desk-top luminaries incorporating tungsten halogen lamps, "CIE Technical Collection 1993/4," (1994).

CIE, Draft Standard: Spatial distribution of daylight - Overcast sky and clear sky, "CIE DS 003.2/E," CIE Central Bureau, Vienna, (1994).

Claesson S., Juhlin L., Wettermark G., The reciprocity law of UV-irradiation effects, "Acta Derm Venereol," 38:123-136 (1958).

Clark C., Vinegar R., Hardy J., Goniometer spectrometer for the measurement of diffuse reflectance and transmittance of skin in the infrared spectral region, "J Opt Soc Am," 43:993-998 (1953).

Coblentz W.W., Stair R., Data on the spectral erythemic reaction of the untanned human skin to ultraviolet radiation, "Bur Stand J Res," 12:13-14 (1934).

Cogan D.G., Kinsey V.E., Action spectrum of keratitis produced by ultraviolet radiation, "Arch Ophthalmol," 35:670-677 (1946).

3 USACHPPM UV HAZARDS BIBLIOGRAPHY - MEASUREMENTS

Cole C.A., Forbes P.D., Davies R., An action spectrum of UV carcinogenesis, "Photochem Photobiol," 43:275- 284 (1985).

Collins M., Smyth W., Seawright J., Kelly S., The synkinesis between antero-posterior eye position and lid fissure width, "Clin & Exp Optom," 75(2):38-41 (1992).

Colyott L.E., Akselrod M.S., McKeever S.W.S., An integrating ultraviolet-B dosemeter using phototransferred thermoluminescence from alpha-Al2O3:C, "Radiation Protection Dosimetry," Nuclear Technology Publishing, Ashford, Kent, UK, 72(2):87-94 (1997).

Coohill T., Action spectroscopy and stratospheric ozone depletion, "UV-B Monitoring Workshop Report - 1992 (Lecture notes)," Science and Policy Associates, Inc., Washington, DC, C89-C112 (1992).

Corth R., What is "natural" light?, "Lighting Design and Application," 13(4):34-41 (1983).

Cullen A.P., Chou B.R., Egan D.J., Industrial non-ionizing radiation and contact lenses, "Can J Pub Health," 73:251-254 (1982).

D'Anna S.A., Joondeph H.C., Graebner K.E., Fluorescein angiography of the heavily pigmented iris and new dyes for iris angiography, "Internal report," US Army Medical Research and Development Command, US Navy, . Dahlback A., Measurements of biologically effective UV doses, total ozone abundance and cloud effects with multichannel moderate bandwidth filter instruments, "Appl Opt," (in press).

Dahlback A., Measurements of biologically effective UV doses, total ozone abundances, and cloud effects with multichannel, moderate bandwidth filter instruments, "Appl Opt," 35(33):6514-6521 (1996). Dahlback A., Henriksen T., Larsen S.H.H., Biological UV-doses and the effect of an ozone layer depletion, "Photochem Photobiol," 49(5):621-625 (1989).

Davies R.E., UV dosimetry: Physical Units, "Article, Temple University," .Davis A., Dean G.H.W., Diffey B.L., Possible dosimeter for ultraviolet radiation, "Nature," 261:169-170 (1976).

Davis A., Dean G.H.W., Gordon D., Howell G.V., Ledbury K.J., A worldwide program for the continuous monitoring of solar UV radiation using poi-phenylene oxide film, and a consideration of results, "J Appl Polym Sci," 20:1165-1174 (1976).

Davis A., Diffey B.L., Tate T.K., A personal dosimeter for biologically effective solar UV-B radiation, "Photochem Photobiol," 34:283-286 (1981).

Davis A., Gardiner D., An ultraviolet radiation monitor for artificial weathering devices, "Pol Degrad Stab," 4:145-157 (1982).

de La Casiniere A., Cabot T., Bokoye A.I., Pinedo J.L., Improvement of diffuse solar irradiance measurements with noncosine instruments, "Appl Opt," 35(30):6069-6075 (1996).

Deaver D.M., Davis J., Sliney D.H., Vertical visual fields-of-view in outdoor daylight, "Lasers and Light in Ophthalmology," 7(2/3):121-125 (1996).

DeLuisi J., An examination of the spectral response characteristics of seven Robertson-Berger meters after longterm field use, "Photochem Photobiol," 56(1):115-122 (1992).

DeLuisi J., U.S. R-B meter network and instrument characterization, "UV-B Monitoring Workshop Report - 1992 (Lecture notes)," Science and Policy Associates, Inc., Washington, DC, USA, C177-C225 (1992).

4 USACHPPM UV HAZARDS BIBLIOGRAPHY - MEASUREMENTS

DeLuisi J., Harris M., A determination of the absolute radiant energy of a Robertson-Berger meter sunburn unit, "Atm Environ," 17:751-758 (1983). Dichter B.K., Beaubien A.F., Beaubien D.J., Development and characterization of a new solar ultraviolet-B irradiance detector, "J Atmospheric Oceanic Techn," 10(3):337-344 (1993).

Dietrich A.J., Olson A.L., Sox C.H., Stevens M., Tosteson T.D., Ahles T., Winchell C.W., A community-based randomized trial encouraging sun protection for children, "Pediatrics," (also available by internet), 102(6):e64 (1998).

Diffey B.L., A comparison of dosimeters used for solar ultraviolet radiometry, "Photochem Photobiol," 46:55-60 (1987).

Diffey B.L., A photobiological evaluation of lamps used in the phototherapy of seasonal affective disorder, "J Photochem Photobiol," 17:203-207 (1993).

Diffey B.L., Dosimetry of ultraviolet radiation, "Sunscreens: Development, Evaluation, and Regulatory Aspects (2nd ed.)," (edited by Lowe N.J., Shaath N.A., Pathak M.A.) Marcel Dekker, 175-188 (1997).

Diffey B.L., The calculation of the spectral distribution of natural ultraviolet radiation under clear day conditions, "Phys Med Biol," 22(2):309-316 (1979).

Diffey B.L., Elwood J.M., Tables of ambient solar ultraviolet radiation for use in epidemiological studies of malignant melanoma and other diseases, "Epidemiological Aspects of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma," (edited by Gallagher R.P., Elwood J.M.) (1993).

Diffey B.L., Farr P.M., Quantitative aspects of ultraviolet erythema (a review), "Clin Phys Physiol Meas," 12:311- 325 (1991).

Diffey B.L., Gies H.P., The confounding influence of sun exposure in melanoma, "The Lancet," 351:1101-1102 (1998).

Diffey B.L., Green A.T., Loftus M.J., Johnson G.J., Lee P.S., A portable instrument for measuring ground reflectance in the ultraviolet, "Photochem Photobiol," 61(1):68-70 (1995).

Diffey B.L., Kerwin M., Davis A., The anatomical distribution of sunlight, "Br J Dermatol," 97:407-409 (1977). Diffey B.L., Langley F.C., Evaluation of ultraviolet radiation hazards in hospitals, "York, Institute of Physical Sciences in Medicine, Report No. 49," (1986).

Diffey B.L., McKinlay A.F., The UVB content of 'UVA' fluorescent lamps and its erythemal effectiveness on human skin, "Phys Med Biol," 28(4):351-358 (1983).

Diffey B.L., Oliver R.J., An inexpensive luminaire for diagnostic phototesting to UVB radiation, "Photodermatology," 3:260-262 (1985).

Diffey B.L., Oliver R.J., Farr P.M., A portable instrument for quantifying erythema induced by ultraviolet radiation, "Br J Dermatol," 111:663-672 (1984).

Diffey B.L., Saunders P.J., Behavior outdoors and its effects on personal ultraviolet exposure rate measured using an ambulatory datalogging dosimeter, "Photochem Photobiol," 61(6):615-618 (1995).

Doda D.D., Green A.E.S., Surface reflectance measurements in the UV from an airborne platform, Part I, "Appl Opt," 19(13):2140-2145 (1980).

Doda D.D., Green A.E.S., Surface reflectance measurements in the UV from an airborne platform, Part II, "Appl Opt," 20:636-642 (1981).

5 USACHPPM UV HAZARDS BIBLIOGRAPHY - MEASUREMENTS

Driscoll C., McKinlay A., Ultraviolet radiation: Sources, characteristics, measurements, physical interactions, "Non-Ionizing Radiation," ICNIRP, 31-54 (1996).

Driscoll C.M.H., Dosimetry methods for UV radiation, "Radiation Protection Dosimetry," 72(3-4):217-222 (1997).

Driscoll C.M.H., Solar UVR measurements, "Radiation Protection Dosimetry," 64(3):179-188 (1996).

Driscoll C.M.H., Solar UVR measurements, "Radiation Protection Dosimetry," 64:179-188 (1996).

Driscoll C.M.H., Clark I.E.S., Grainger K.J.L., Measurement of solar UVR clothing protection factors, "National Radiological Protection Board, NRPB-M483," (1994).

Driscoll C.M.H., Grainger K.J.L., Sunscreen protection, "Radiological Protection Bulletin," 123:15-20 (1991).

Duncan D.D., Schneider W., West K.J., Kirkpatrick S.J., West S.K., Salisbury Eye Eval Team, Development of personal dosimeters for use in the visible and ultraviolet wavelength regions, "Photochem Photobiol," 62(1):94- 100 (1995).

El Naggar S., Gustat H., Magister H., Rochlitzer R., An electronic personal UV-B dosimeter, "J Photochem Photobiol," 31:83-86 (1995).

Estupinan J.G., Raman S., Crescenti G.H., Streicher J.J., Barnard W.F., The effects of clouds and haze on UV-B radiation, "J Geophys Res," 101:16,807-16,816 (1996).

Fanney Jr. J.H., Powell C.H., Field measurement of ultraviolet, infrared, and microwave energies, "Am Ind Hyg Assoc J," 28:335 (1967).

Fanselow D.L., Pathak M.A., Crone M.A., Ersfeld .D.A., Raber P.B., Trancik R.J., Dahl M.V., Reusable ultraviolet monitors: design, characteristics, and efficacy, "J Am Acad Dermatol," 9:714-723 (1983).

Feister U., Grewe R., Spectral Albedo Measurements in the UV and Visible Region over Different Types of Surfaces, "Photochem Photobiol," 62(4):736-744 (1995).

Feister U., Grewe R., Gericke K., A method for correction of cosine errors in measurements of spectral UV irradiance, "Solar Energy," 60:313-332 (1997).

Fekete, A., Vink, A.A., Gaspar, S., Berces, A., Modos, K., Fonto, G., Roza, L., Assessment of the effects of various UV sources on inactivation and photoproduct induction in phage T7 dosimeter, "Photochem Photobiol," 68(4):527-531 (1998).

Ferraro S., Ultraviolet germicidal lamps enlisted in tuberculosis fight, "New York Daily News," August 3: (1997). Fioletov V.E., Evans W.F.J., The influence of ozone and other factors on surface radiation, "Ozone Science:A Canadian Perspective on the Changing Ozone Layer," (edited by Wardle D.I., Kerr J.B., McElroy C.T., Francis D.R.) Environment Canada, Toronto, CAN, (1997).

Flynn L.E., Labow G.J., Beach R.A., Rawlins M.A., Flittner D.E., Estimation of ozone with total ozone portable spectroradiometer instruments. I. Theoretical model and error analysis, "Appl Opt," 35(30):6076-6083 (1996). Forster P.M., Shine K.P., A comparison of two radiation schemes for calculating ultraviolet radiation, "QJR Meteorol Soc," 121:1113-1131 (1995).

Frederick J., Comparison of measurements from R-B and Dobson meters, "UV-B Monitoring Workshop Report - 1992 (Lecture notes)," Science and Policy Associates, Inc., Washington, DC, USA, C162-C176 (1992).

6 USACHPPM UV HAZARDS BIBLIOGRAPHY - MEASUREMENTS Frederick J.E., An assessment of the Robertson-Bergre ultraviolet meter and measurements: introductory comments, "Photochem Photobiol," 56(1):113-114 (1992).

Frederick J.E., Trends and interannual variations in erythemal sunlight, 1978-1993, "Photochem Photobiol," 62:476-484 (1996).

Frederick J.E., Yearly review: Trends in atmospheric ozone and ultraviolet radiation: Mechanisms and observations for the Northern hemisphere, "Photochem Photobiol," 51(6):757-763 (1990).

Frederick J.E., Lubin D., Measurement of UV-radiation by the radiation transer model, "J Geophys Res - Atmos," 93:3825-3832 (1988).

Frederick J.E., Steele H.D., The transmission of sunlight through cloudy skies: An analysis based on standard meteorological information, "J Appl Meteorol," 34:2755-2761 (1995).

Frederick J.E., Weatherhead E.C., Temporal changes in surface ultraviolet radiation: A study of the Robertson- Berger meter and Dobson data records, "Photochem Photobiol," 56(1):123-131 (1992).

Fujii M., Yokota R., Atarshi Y., Development of polymeric track detectors of high sensitivity, "Nucl Tracks Radiat Meas," 17:19-21 (1990).

Gange R.W., Park Y.-K., Auletta M., Kagetsu N., Blackett A.D., Parrish J.A., Action spectra for cutaneous responses to ultraviolet radiation, "The Biological Effects of UVA Radiation," (edited by Gange R.W., Urbach F.) Praeger, New York, (1985).

Garadazha M.P., Nezval Y.I., Ultraviolet radiation in large cities and possible ecological consequences of its changing flux due to anthropogenic impact, "Proceedings of Symposium on Climate and Human Health, WCAP Report No. 2," World Health Organization, World Climate Programme Applications, Geneva, Leningrad, 64-68 (1997).

Gardiner B., Webb A., European communities STEP UV-B monitoring program: Instrument intercomparison, "UV-B Monitoring Workshop Report - 1992 (Lecture notes)," Science and Policy Associates, Inc., Washington, DC, USA, C121-C128 (1992).

Garrison L.M., Murray L.E., Doda D.D., Green A.E.S., Diffuse-direct ultraviolet ratios with a compact double monochromator, "Appl Opt," 17(5):827-835 (1978).

Gies H.P., Roy C., Toomey S., MacLennan R., Watson M., Solar UVR exposures of primary school children at three locations in Queensland, "Photochem Photobiol," 68(1):78-83 (1998).

Gies H.P., Roy C.R., Elliott G., Zongli W., Ultraviolet radiation protection factors for clothing, "Health Physics," 67(2):131-139 (1994).

Gies H.P., Roy C.R., Toomey S., MacLennan R., Watson M., Solar UVR exposures of three groups of outdoor workers on the Sunshine coast, Queensland, "Photochem Photobiol," 62(6):1015-1021 (1995).

Gies H.P., Roy C.R., Toomey S., Tomlinson D., The ARL solar UVR measurement network: Calibration and results, "SPIE Ultraviolet Technology V," 2282:274-284 (1994).

Gies, P., Roy, C., Toomey, S., MacLennan, R., Watson, M., Solar UVR exposures of primary school children at three locations in Queensland, "Photochem Photobiol," 68(1):78-83 (1998).

Grainger K., Driscoll C., Protection in fashion, "Radiological Protection Bulletin," 163:11-14 (1995). Grainger R.G., Basher R.E., McKenzie R.L., UV-B Robertson-Berger meter characterization and field calibration, "Appl Opt," 32(3):343-349 (1993).

7 USACHPPM UV HAZARDS BIBLIOGRAPHY - MEASUREMENTS Grant R.H., Heisler G.M., Gao W., Clear sky radiance distributions in ultraviolet wavelength bands, "Theor Appl Climatol," 56:123-135 (1997).

Green A.E.S., Cross K.R., Smith L.A., Improved analytic characterization of ultraviolet skylight, "Photochem Photobiol," 31:59-65 (1980).

Grobner J., Blumthaler M., Ambach W., Experimental investigation of spectral global irradiance measurement errors due to a nonideal cosine response, "Geophys Res Lett," 23:2493-2496 (1996).

Grobner, J., Wardle, D.I., McElroy, C.T., Kerr, J.B., Investigation of the wavelength accuracy of Brewer spectrophotometers, "Applied Optics," 37(36):8352-8360 (1998).

Gushchin G.P., Sokolenko S.A., Kovalyov V.A., Total ozone measuring instruments used at the USSR station network, "Atmospheric Ozone," (edited by Zerefos C.S., Ghazi A.) Reidel, Dordrecht, 543-546 (1985).

Hand C.W., Short UV emissions from acetylene flames, "J Chem Physics," 36:2521 (1962).

Harris P.B., The BRE ultraviolet sensor, "Building Research Establishment," (1973).

Hasselbach K.A., Quantitative Untersuchengen uber die Absorption der menschlichen Haut von ultravioletten Strahlen, "Skandinav Archs Physiol," 25:55 (1911).

Hawryshyn C.W., Sideband transmission in interference filters and its implications for measurements of spectral sensitivity, "Exp Biol," 48:123-126 (1989).

Henderson S.T., Daylight and its Spectrum, "Daylight and its Spectrum," American Elsevier, New York, (1970). Herlihy E., Gies H.P., Roy C.R., Jones M., Personal dosimetry of solar UV radiation for different outdoor activities, "Photochem Photobiol," 60(3):288-294 (1994).

Hilfiker R., Kaufmann W., Reinert G., Schmidt E., Improving sun protection factors by applying UV absorbers, "Textile Res J," 66:61-70 (1996).

Hill W., Bishop L., Statistical considerations in network design and data analyses, "UV-B Monitoring Workshop Report - 1992 (Lecture notes)," Science and Policy Associates, Inc., Washington, DC, USA, C305-C322 (1992).

Holloway L., Atmospheric sun protection factor on clear days: its observed dependence on solar zenith angle and its relevance to the shadow rule for sun protection, "Photochem Photobiol," 56(2):229-234 (1992).

Holloway L., Shadow rule for sun protection, "J Am Acad Dermatol," 31(3):517 (1994). Holloway L., Summer solstice: A part of history but it may be hazardous to your health, "Hardwick Gazette," (1987).

Holman C.D.J., Gibson I.M., Stephenson M., Armstrong B.K., Ultraviolet irradiation of human body sites in relation to occupation and outdoor activity: field studies using personal UVR dosimeters, "Clin Exp Dermatol," 8:269-277 (1983).

Hoover H.L., Sunglasses, pupil dilation, and solar ultraviolet irradiation of the human lens and retina, "Appl Opt," 26(4):689-695 (1987).

Horkay I., Wikonkal N., Patko J., Bazsa G., Beck M., Ferenczi A., Nagy Z., SUNTEST: a chemical UVB radiation dosimeter, "J Photochem Photobiol," 31:79-82 (1995).

Horneck G., Rettberg P., Rabbow E., Strauch W., Seckmeyer G., Facius R., Reitz G., Biological dosimetry of solar radiation for different simulated ozone column thickness, "J Photochem Photobiol," 32(3):189-196 (1996).

8 USACHPPM UV HAZARDS BIBLIOGRAPHY - MEASUREMENTS

Huber M., Blumthaler M., Ambach W., Total atmospheric ozone determined from spectral measurements of direct solar UV irradiance, "Geophys Res Lett," 22:53-56 (1995).

ICNIRP, Global solar UV index, "ICNIRP 1/95," (edited by UV Index Task Group) ICNIRP, Oberschleissheim, GER, (1995). IES, IES Guide for Measurement of Ultraviolet Radiation from Light Sources, "IES Guide for Measurement of Ultraviolet Radiation from Light Sources," (1984).

Iqbal M., , "An Introduction to Solar Radiation," Academic Press, Toronto, (1983).

Ireland W., Sacher R., The angular distribution of solar ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared radiation from cloudless skies, "Photochem Photobiol," 63(4):483-486 (1996).

James R.H., Miller S.A., Ultraviolet radiation emissions from fluorescent lamps and sunlamps, "Human Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation: Risks and Regulations," (edited by Passchier W.F., Bosnjakovic B.F.M.) Elsevier Science Publishers (Biomedical Division), 281-285 (1987).

Johnsen B., Hannevik M., The 1995 intercomparison of UV and PAR instruments at the University of Oslo, "StralevernRapport," 7: (1997).

Johnson K.M., Hesselink L., Goodman J.W., Holographic reciprocity law failure, "Appl Opt," 23(2):218-227 (1984).

Josefsson W., Testing of the MED-meter and a proposal of a solar UV-network in Sweden, "SMHI Meteorologi Klimatsektionen," 1-31 (1989).

Karha P., Visuri R., Leszczynski K., Manoochehri F., Jokela K., Ikonen E., Detector-based calibration method for high-accuracy solar UV measurements, "Photochem Photobiol," 64(2):340-343 (1996).

Kaufmann W.F., Hartmann K.M., Low cost digital spectroradiometer, "Photochem Photobiol," 49(6):769-774 (1989).

Kendall G., Hazards and risks, "Radiological Protection Bulletin No. 203," National Radiological Protection Board, 17-18 (1998).

Kennedy B.C., Sharp W.E., A validation study of the Robertson-Berger meter, "Photochem Photobiol," 56(1):133- 141 (1992).

Kerr J.B., McElroy C.T., Evidence for large upward trends of ultraviolet-B radiation linked to ozone depletion, "Science," 262:1032-1034 (1993).

Kirk J.T.O., Hargreaves B.R., Morris D.P., Coffin R.B., David B., Frederickson D., Karentz D., Measurements of UV-B radiation in two freshwater lakes: an instrument intercomparison, "Arch Hydrobiol Beth, Ergebn Linmol," 43:71-99 (1994).

Klein R.M., Cut-off filters for the near ultraviolet, "Photochem Photbiol," 29:1053-1054 (1979). Klein W., Goldberg B., , "Solar Radiation Measurements 1968-1973," Smithsonian Institute, Washington, DC, (1974).

Koepke P., Comparison of models used for UV index calculations, "Report of the WMO-WHO Meeting of Experts on Standardization of UV Indices and their Dissemination to the Public," World Meteorological Organization; WMO/TD-No. 921, No. 127:85-87 (1997).

Kojima M., Wegener A., Hockwin O., Imaging characteristics of three cameras using the Scheimpflug principle, "Ophthalmic Res," 22:29-35 (1990).

9 USACHPPM UV HAZARDS BIBLIOGRAPHY - MEASUREMENTS Kok C.J., Kasten F., Justus C.G., Aydinli S., Kaase H., Kockot D., Solar spectral irradiance, "CIE Technical Report 85-1989," CIE Central Bureau, Vienna, Austria, (1989).

Kolari P., Hoikkala M., Lauharanta J., Assessment of the dose response of polysulphone film badges for the measurement of UV radiation, "Photodermatology," 3:228-232 (1986).

Kolari P., Lauharanta J., Hoikkala M., Midsummer solar UV radiation in Finland compared with the UV radiation from phototherapeutic devices measured by different techniques, "Photodermatology," 3:340-345 (1986). Kollias N., Recent advances in medical spectroscopy, "Amer Soc Photobiol, 25th Annual Meeting, St. Louis, MO, July 5-10, 1997," (1997).

Kollias N., Baqer A., Measurement of solar middle ultraviolet radiation in Kuwait, "Solar Wind Tech," 1:59-62 (1984).

Kollias N., Baqer A.H., Sadiq I., Measurements of solar middle ultraviolet radiation in a desert environment, "Photochem Photobiol," 47(4):565-569 (1988).

Koskela T., Damski J., Taalas P., Sarkanen A., The UV forecasting system of Finland, "Report of the WMOWHO Meeting of Experts on Standardization of UV Indices and their Dissemination to the Public," World Meteorological Organization; WMO/TD-No. 921, No. 127:107-110 (1998).

Kosnik W., Fikre J., Sekuler R., Visual fixation stability in older adults, "Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci," 27(12):1720-1725 (1986).

Kostkowski H.J., Saunders R.D., Ward J.F., Popenoe C.H., Green A.E.S., Measurements of solar terrestrial spectral irradiance in the ozone cut-off region, "Self-Study Manual on Optical Radiation Measurements, Part III, Applications Chapter 1. NBS Technical Note 910-5," National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC, (1982). Kraiss K.-F., Moraal J., Vision and visual displays, "Introduction to Human Engineering," Verlag TUV Rheinland GmbH, Cologne, 85-147 (1976).

Kuck Jr. J.F.R., Effect of long-wave ultraviolet light on the lens I. Model systems for detecting and measuring effect on the lens in vitro, "Invest Ophthalmol," 15(5):405-407 (1976).

Kurylo M., International network for the detection of stratospheric change, "UV-B Monitoring Workshop Report - 1992 (Lecture notes)," Science and Policy Associates, Inc., Washington, DC, USA, C230-C249 (1992).

Labow G.J., Flynn L.E., Rawlins M.A., Beach R.A., Simmons C.A., Schubert C.M., Estimation of ozone with total ozone portable spectroradiometer instruments. II. Practical operation and comparisons, "Appl Opt," 35(30):6084-6089 (1996).

Laurion I., Vincent W.F., Lean D.R.S., Underwater ultravolet radiation: development of spectral models for northern high latitude lakes, "Photochem Photobiol," 65(1):107-114 (1997).

Leach J.F., McLeod V.E., Pingstone A.R., Davis A., Deane G.H.W., Measurements of ultraviolet doses received by office workers, "Clin Expt Dermatol," 3:77-79 (1978).

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16 USACHPPM UV HAZARDS BIBLIOGRAPHY - MEASUREMENTS

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17 USACHPPM UV HAZARDS BIBLIOGRAPHY - MEASUREMENTS

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18 USACHPPM UV HAZARDS BIBLIOGRAPHY - MEASUREMENTS

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[edit] Eye protection and UVA, UVB

If someone has a link to a journal or a book reference that goes into this, please point it out - personally I'm very interested =)

[edit] Black Light/UV Light

See http://en.wikipedia.org.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/wiki/Talk:Black_light for context.

A note was added in the header of this page: UV Light is also a technically incorrect but common name for black light, which was removed by Deglr6328. The problem is, if someone searches for UV Light, there are no refrences to point them at the black light article, which is what they'd be after. I strongly feel a note needs to be added to avoide confusion for anyone searching on the "Disco tubes" style UV Light. Can I have some feedback on this issue? 81.137.159.61 18:05, 28 December 2006 (UTC)

There are now two links to black light, one in the intro explanation of UVA and another in the applications section. This seems pretty reasonable to me. Any further suggestions? If not, probably safe to remove these comments. LightYear 03:36, 13 April 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Contradiction

I just placed a tag in the article. The article talk about "UVC able to penetrate the window due to their longer wavelenght" UVC were previously stated as the shortest wavelenght. I also heard that most of the uvc are blocked by the ozone layer. Was that uva that this section was about ? -- 139.57.221.29 03:32, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

Looks like this has been resolved and the tag (?) removed. Thus, I think this is no longer an issue. LightYear 03:36, 13 April 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Discovery

Bluetooth Radiation in the 19th Century... I've never heard of any of this, is there any way to clarify?

  -Assegai_

—The preceding unsigned comment was added by 132.244.246.25 (talk) 09:13, 24 April 2007 (UTC).

[edit] DNA picture

Be advised that the model DNA pictured here is incorrect. The helix is reversed. Whoever created this graphic, please correct it. (comment moved from article page by Bongwarrior 20:56, 21 May 2007 (UTC))

[edit] Quote from Madhavacharya

I have removed a quote from Discovery section of Article and pasted it below. I have two concerns regarding this quote, which is claimed to be from 13th century Indian philosopher Madhavacharya. First it does not cite reliable source, second for real or for my poor understanding of Sanskrit, it is quite vague. For example, the same quote can be applied to any electromagnetic radiation not visible to human eye and hence does not necessarily indicate Madhavacharya was knowing about UV rays. Unless otherwise somebody clarify this aspects I do not consider following text to be allowed in this article

The existence of Ultra Violet rays was first given by 13th century Indian Philosopher Shri Madhvacharya in his work, Anuvyakhyana. "Bhootamapyasitam DivyadrishtigocharaMeva Cha. UtpatdhEtE Avyaakrtam Hi Gaganam SaakshiGocharam" The atmosphere or Bhootakasha which is among the five elements will cease to exist when universe ends. This atmosphere contains violet rays which cannot be seen by ordinary eyes.

pruthvi 18:17, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Psoriasis and other skin diseases

This is in part a response to citation request. First, I see repeated text regarding skin treatment related effects of UV. Secondly, I found controversial claims in peer reviewed literature. Skin treatment related benefits of UV rays are mentioned first-time in "Beneficial effects of UV" section. Second-time in "Photochemical Therapy" and third-time it appears in Phototherapy section. I think it can be well-consolidated in one paragraph appearing in beneficial effects of UV.

Regarding effectiveness of narrowband UV versus broadband UV I come across contradictory claims in peer reviewed literature. Tanew et al. (1999) claim no significant improvement by use of narrow band vs broadband, while Coven et al. (1997) claim improvement when narrowband UVB used.

[edit] UV characteristics in Nature

In nature, for example some flowers have certain marks that can only be seen with UV light. It is invisible to humans, but an animal like a bee would be able to use this marking. Anyone have a pcture of a flower mark under UV to contribute? [[User:Kiby145|<span style="background:#a00;color:#000">:K<span style="background:#c00">i<span style="background:#d00">rby1</span>4</span>5:</span>]] 07:02, 30 September 2007 (UTC)

[edit] GA status

I've delisted this due to the extremely poor lead section (about 12 times its current length might be adequate), and the presence of several tags throughout. It was about 2 years since it was listed, so I guess standards weren't quite so high then. I'm not sure if anyone is involved with this article or not, but I might also suggest creating more daughter articles and making fuller use of summary style. Richard001 07:12, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

• I reverted your changes that required a LOGIN to view the links you changed, which was not helpful. Pharmboy 15:46, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

Not sure what you're talking about, all I did was add a template [1]. Richard001 19:54, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

Link using ezproxy is way of giving access to internet resources to which your institute has subscription. Since it prevents other users who have subscription via different institute -- it is not advisable to use here. The template, is very much intrusive making article difficult to read, I believe template suggesting article improvement or collaborations should be used on talk page only. pruthvi 22:26, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

I'm sure I didn't link using ezproxy intentionally, though it's difficult to avoid it completely. Where did it appear? The lead template needs to stay whether it's on the talk page or main page. Most templates are 'ugly' like that, but this is an excellent example of a detailed article with an underdeveloped lead. I prefer the content space myself, since people need to realize that leads shouldn't be like that. Richard001 04:11, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

Although the intro to the article is short, I wouldn't agree that it is "too short". The intro gives a very short and direct answer to what the article is about. Not every article will have the same amount of text here. I find long lead-ins to be annoying and often contain material that should be found elsewhere in the article, and not the lead. But this may just be me. If someone wants to add to the lead-in, I would just hope we don't fluff it up with stuff that doesn't belong in the intro of an article. Pharmboy 17:15, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Semen

Were can I put this picture??

--Daffman1408 (talk) 16:05, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

The question isn't "where can you put it", it is "does this picture add to the understanding of the subject matter". Since I didn't see any text about how black light or UV in general is used for detecting sperm, I would guess this is the wrong article. I would suggest an article about crime, where this actually applies. Unless there is a rationale that provides a reason for a picture of sperm in a UV article, I will revert again. Pharmboy (talk) 16:25, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

D'accord! I'll try it at Black light!! --Daffman1408 (talk) 16:31, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Image

Please add Image:Ozone altitude UV graph.jpg this image into the article -- penubag  23:58, 28 January 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Subtypes

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet#Subtypes

Someone needs to check the Subtypes. Am I wrong in thinking that Near, NUV, has the wrong wavelength listed 400 nm - 200 nm. If 200nm that's near Far or vacuum UV. Past UVC. Right? A wide range in wavelength for NUV.

I updated the table to reflect the draft standard. It lists NUV as 400-300nm. How's it look to you know? LightYear (talk) 02:49, 18 February 2008 (UTC)

I'm assuming that wavelengths can overlap. If so the wavelength in the Far can fall into UVC. I'm not an expert in this stuff. I'm just looking at the numbers. If you look at the electromagnectic spectrum the Radio doesn't overlape with Microwave. Everything is kinda of seperated. On here I see Far can fit right in UVC based on wavelength. Again I'm not an expert. --68.228.84.70 (talk) 03:28, 13 March 2008 (UTC)

[edit] UVA and Melanoma

The effect of UVA and of the indirect DNA damage is important. It has been proven that UVB does not cause the most deadly form of skin-cancer (the malignant melanom). Instead the melanom is caused by UVA and the incidence rate of melanom has increased the most, where sunscreen use has been most widespread. ^[1]

Genetical analysis has shown, that it is not the UVB which causes Melanoma but rather the UVA radiation. ^[2]

Please help me to destroy the myth that "sunburn causes melanoma". In reality sunburn and melanoma are statistically associated because they have a common cause - UV-light from the sun. But sunscreen does not help to prevent Melanoma. Do not erase the Davies reference! Gerriet42 (talk) 07:25, 12 March 2008 (UTC)

I don't think Wikipedia is the place to carry out a myth burning parade! Nonetheless, we need to do as well as possible in outlining the facts. I removed the section on UVA in under Black light simply because it was in the wrong section. The relevant section already had some of the info, and the rest I could not find in the reference, so I left it out. There is now lots of info on UVA and melanoma vs sunburn in the "Harmful effects" section. I suggest that if you think it is incomplete that you merge in what you've written above. Just because you have an axe to grind doesn't mean the formality and structure of the article should be sacrificed. I've reapplied the removal from the black light section. LightYear (talk) 03:16, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] sunscreen contradiction

Octylmethoxycinnamate is listed as both a chemical to look for in sunscreen, and one to avoid. Which is it? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.219.12.207 (talk) 23:33, 14 March 2008 (UTC)

Those who are in favor of this substance refer to the UV-A blocking properties. Unfortunately this chemical filter is capable of penetrating the epidermal barrier, and when it penetrates into the skin and gets in contact with living tissue it enhances the production of free radicals^[3] - which are responsible for developing malignant melanoma.Gerriet42 (talk) 14:26, 15 March 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Quick tan that lasts for days??

I think that the part under skin about UVA providing a quick tan that lasts for days needs to be revised. Although UVA redarkens existing melanin quickly, that doesn't mean that the tan also disappears quickly. I think they were trying to say that the formation of new melanin takes a longer amount of time, and UVB radiation, but this is not said clearly. 24.65.42.159 (talk) 00:29, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Possible contradiction

From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet "While "black lights" do produce light in the UV range, their spectrum is confined to the longwave UVA region. Unlike UVB and UVC, which are responsible for the direct DNA damage that leads to skin cancer..."

From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_DNA_damage "The absorption spectrum of DNA shows a strong absorption for UVB-radiation and a much lower absorption for UVA-radiation. Since the action spectrum of sunburn is identical to the absorption spectrum of DNA, it is generally accepted that the direct DNA damages are the cause of sunburn.[1] While the human body reacts to direct DNA damages with a painful warning signal,[1]no such warning signal is generated from indirect DNA damage, and the indirect DNA damage is responsible for 92% of all melanoma cases."

Essentially, one article suggests that UVB causes skin cancer and the other one suggests it's not UVB. Oh that and one article suggests that direct DNA damage is responsible for skin cancer where as the other article points the finger at indirect DNA damage —Preceding unsigned comment added by 146.245.249.239 (talk) 03:34, 8 June 2008 (UTC)