Ulmus × viminalis
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| Ulmus × viminalis |
|---|
 × viminalis, Benalla Botanic Gardens, Australia |
| Hybrid parentage |
| U. minor subsp. minor × U. minor var. plotii |
| Origin |
| England |
Ulmus × viminalis Lodd. is an elm hybrid derived from the crossing U. minor subsp. minor Richens × U. minor var. plotii Druce . The tree was once commonly treated as a variety of Ulmus procera, before it was determined as a hybrid by Melville [1]. It is a very graceful but slow-growing tree that can ultimately reach 20 metres high, with ascending branches and pendulous branchlets bearing sparse foliage. It has deeply serrated leaves < 50 mm long which are nearly symmetrical at the base, long-acuminate at the tip, and have prominent white axil tufts on the undersides [2]. The tree has been likened to Zelkova × verschaffeltii [3].
The hybrid was first described from specimens growing in an avenue and in coppice growth nearby at Hanwell in England in 1677, possibly arising from a natural hybrid that occurred from Essex to Oxfordshire [4]. A specimen at the Ryston Hall [3], Norfolk, arboretum, obtained from the Späth nursery in Berlin before 1914 [5], was killed by the earlier strain of Dutch elm disease prevalent in the 1930s.
Contents |
[edit] Arbreta etc. accessions
[edit] North America
- Arnold Arboretum acc. no. 499-53
[edit] Europe
- Brighton & Hove City Council, NCCPG Elm Collection [4] UK champion: Upper Larkrise Wood, 23 m high, 50 cm d.b.h., last surveyed in 1995 [6].
- Cambridge Botanic Garden [5], University of Cambridge, UK, no accession details available.
[edit] Australasia
- Benalla Botanic Gardens: three specimens; listed on the Significant Tree Register of the National Trust.[6]. They are the only known cultivated examples of the hybrid in the country.
[edit] Synonymy
- Ulmus antarctica Hort.: Kirchner[7], in Petzold[8] & Kirchner, Arb. Muscav. 551, 1864.
- Ulmus campestris 'Betulinoides': Dieck (Zöschen, Germany) in Haupt-Cat. Nachtrag 1, 1887.
- Ulmus campestris var. betulaefolia: Loddiges (Hackney, London) catalogue of 1836, and later by Loudon in Arb. Frut. Brit. 3: 1376, 1838.
- U. campestris var. microphylla pendula Hort.: Hartwig & Rümpler, Ill. Geholzb. 580, 1875, as in synonymy.
- Ulmus campestris var. nuda subvar. incisa Hort.Vilv.: Wesmael [9], Bull. Fed. Soc. Hort. Belg. 1862: 389 1863. Considered "possibly U. viminalis" by Green (1964).
- Ulmus campestris var. stricta: Audibert, (Tonelle, Tarascon, France), Catalogue, 1817, p. 23.
- Ulmus campestris var. virginalis: Lavallée [10], Arb. Segrez. 235, 1877, in synonymy.
- ? Ulmus campestris viminalis stricta: Boulger [11], in Gard. Chron. II. 12: 298, 1879.
- Ulmus gracilis Hort.: Kirchner[12], in Petzold[13] & Kirchner, Arb. Muscav. 551, 1864.
- Ulmus 'Masters's Twiggy'. Masters, W. Hortus Duroverni. 1831.
- Ulmus montana viminalis marmorata Hort.: Schelle in Beissner et al., Handb. Laubh.-Benenn. 85, 1903.
- Ulmus scabra viminalis gracilis Hort.: Dieck (Zöschen, Germany), Haupt-Cat. p. 82, 1885.
- Ulmus scabra viminalis pulverulenta Hort.: Dieck (Zöschen, Germany), Haupt-Cat. p. 82, 1885, and Dippel, Handb. Laubh. 2: 30, 1892.
- Ulmus suberosa betuloides Hort.: Kirchner[14], in Petzold[15] & Kirchner, Arb. Muscav. 553, 1864.
- Ulmus viminalis pendula: Masters, in Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. 13: 90, 1891.
[edit] References
- ^ Green, P. S. (1964). Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus. Arnoldia, Vol. 24. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University. [1]
- ^ Bean, W. J. (1980) Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain. 8th edition. Murray, London.
- ^ Hilliers' Manual of Trees & Shrubs. (1977). David & Charles, Newton Abbot, UK.
- ^ Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. VII. pp 1848-1929. Private publication. [2]
- ^ Ryston Hall Arboretum catalogue, circa 1920
- ^ Johnson, Owen (ed.) (2003). Champion Trees of Britain & Ireland. Whittet Press, ISBN 9781873580615.
