Ulmus 'Patriot'
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Ulmus hybrid |
|---|
| Hybrid parentage |
| 'Urban' × 'Prospector' |
| Cultivar |
| 'Patriot' |
| Origin |
| USA |
The American hybrid cultivar 'Patriot' [1] is a U. S. Department of Agriculture introduction derived in 1980 from a crossing of the American hybrid 'Urban' with the Wilson's Elm (now treated as Japanese Elm U. davidiana var. japonica) cultivar 'Prospector'. It develops an upsweeping crown, ultimately becoming a fastigiate vase-shape, and is capable of very rapid growth, the parent tree in Ohio attaining a height of 13 m in as many years after it was sown. The foliage is glossy dark green, turning yellow in autumn [1].
'Patriot' appears immune to elm yellows, has a very high resistance to Dutch elm disease, exhibiting 100% survival seven years after DED inoculation, but only a moderate tolerance of elm leaf beetles [2]. It is extremely cold hardy, and performs best in moist but well-drained soils. In artificial freezing tests at the Morton Arboretum [3] the LT50 (temp. at which 50% of tissues die) was found to be - 38 °C.
However, in trials by Northern Arizona University in the hot and arid climate of Holbrook eastern Arizona [2], 'Patriot' did not perform as well as some hybrids such as 'Frontier' and 'Regal', although not as badly as others such as 'New Horizon' and 'Sapporo Autumn Gold'. In the cooler climes of Minnesota, it was recommended for every forester's 'Top Ten' list of urban trees [4]. The tree is currently being evaluated in the National Elm Trial [3] coordinated by Colorado State University.
'Patriot' is not known to have been introduced to Australasia.
Contents |
[edit] Arboreta etc. accessions
[edit] North America
- Arnold Arboretum acc. no. 136-98
- Bartlett Tree Experts acc. nos. 2001-252/3/4, 2001-492/3, 2003-965, 2003-1007/8, 00-224
- Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, Illinois. 1 tree, in the Parking Lots.
- Holden Arboretum acc. nos. 00-125, 2001-154
- Morton Arboretum acc. no. 122-2001
[edit] Europe
- Grange Farm, Sutton St. James, Spalding, Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. No. 505
[edit] Nurseries
[edit] North America
- J. Frank Schmidt & Son [4], Boring, Oregon.
- Johnson's Nursery [5], Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin
- Pea Ridge Forest [6], Hermann, Missouri
- Sunshine Nursery [7], Clinton, Oklahoma.
[edit] References
- ^ Santamour, J., Frank, S. & Bentz, S. (1995). Updated checklist of elm (Ulmus) cultivars for use in North America. Journal of Arboriculture, 21:3 (May 1995), 121-131. International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, USA.
- ^ Townsend, A. M. & Douglass, L. W. (2004). Evaluation of elm clones for tolerance of Dutch elm disease. Journal of Arboriculture 21(3). International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, IL.
- ^ Shirazi, A. M. & Ware, G. H. (2004). Evaluation of New Elms from China for Cold Hardiness in Northern Latitudes. International Symposium on Asian Plant Diversity & Systematics 2004, Sakura, Japan.
- ^ Giblin, C. P. & Gillman, J. H. (2006). Elms for the Twin Cities: A Guide for Selection and Maintenance. University of Minnesota.
[edit] External links
- http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/SUL4.pdf Summary, inc. photographs, of elm cultivars resistant to Dutch elm disease available in the USA.
- http://fletcher.ces.state.nc.us/programs/nursery/metria/metria11/warren/elm.htm Warren, K., J. Frank Schmidt & Son Co. (2002). The Status of Elms in the Nursery Industry in 2000.
