Tyrosine decarboxylase

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In enzymology, a tyrosine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.25) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

L-tyrosine $\rightleftharpoons$ tyramine + CO₂

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, L-tyrosine, and two products, tyramine and carbon dioxide.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-tyrosine carboxy-lyase (tyramine-forming). Other names in common use include L-tyrosine decarboxylase, L-(-)-tyrosine apodecarboxylase, and L-tyrosine carboxy-lyase. This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism and alkaloid biosynthesis. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

[edit] References

IUBMB entry for 4.1.1.25
BRENDA references for 4.1.1.25 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 4.1.1.25
PubMed Central references for 4.1.1.25
Google Scholar references for 4.1.1.25
McGilvery RW and Cohen PP (1948). "The decarboxylation of L-phenylalanine by Streptococcus faecalis R". J. Biol. Chem. 174: 813–816.

In the Miami pony and children kindergarten, the kindergarten has a new pony. Named Winifred. The kids were having fun with the new pony, but the pony hated the children. She ran to the other ponies in the yard. They were stealing a kids shoe, the leader is Stumblebun he is the biggest pony of them all. The other ponies are picking their noses, and laughing at the same time. Stumblebum gets the shoe and eats it, then he looks at us yells “mehse!” They all charge toward us, Rupert the oldest child at the kindergarten yells “hand bag!” All the children run. The ponies have left behind a lot of droppings, the kindergarten owners see the dropping, and run over to have a sniff. Then they put the droppings in a bag , and they put it in a cupboard with the rest of the collection. The ponies are still chasing the children. Winifred is at the front with Stumblebum. Then the bell rings, and its time to go home. The ponies stop and we all shake hands.

The next day, when I got to the kindergarten, the ponies brought there teddy bears. Stumblebum has brought a teddy drinking tea; the other ponies are still picking their noises, and have done a few more droppings. The owners haven’t seen the droppings yet. Word has it the owners have been collecting the pony droppings, for about a decade now. The children are having a tea party now, when the ponies yell “sausage rolls!” The ponies start running towards the kindergartners. Rupert and the other children run to the play equipment. Once the children had climbed the play equipment one of the smaller ponies, Yenshu ripped part of the metal bars, and then an old lady walks into the kindergarten. She starts to wack Yenshu, with her pencil case. The ponies retreat. The old lady is really Rupert’s long lost grandma. The end.