Turkish revolutionaries
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Turkish revolutionaries (Turkish: Kuvâyi Milliye or Kuvva-i Milliye) were patriots of the Turkish national movement who rebelled against the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire by the Allies in the aftermath of the Armistice of Mudros which ended the Ottoman Empire's participation in World War I; and against the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920, which was signed by the Ottoman government and partitioned Anatolia.
After the establishment of the Turkish national movement and the successful Turkish War of Independence, the revolutionaries abolished the Ottoman Sultanate on November 1, 1922, and proclaimed the Republic of Turkey on October 29, 1923.
Turkish revolutionaries were mainly influenced by ideas which flourished during the Tanzimat period. The revolutionaries should not be associated with the Young Turk movement of the same era, which was tightly bound to the Ottoman State and the ideals of Ottomanism. Turkish revolutionaries indeed were not a homogenous group of people, as they had different ideas on social and political issues. There were years in which most of them did not communicate with each other, even though they presided over the major social and political institutions. The common idea which held them together was having a sovereign nation.
Note: Most of the individuals listed below served the revolution in multiple duties and ranks. The classifications below refer to the titles for which they are mostly remembered today.
Please note that the following list is currently far from being complete:
Contents |
[edit] Leaders
[edit] Statesmen and office holders
[edit] Pamphleteers and activists
- Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu
- Halide Edip Adıvar, novelist and feminist political leader.
- Mehmet Fuat Köprülü, historian.
- Mahmut Esat Bozkurt, designer of the Turkish Civic Law. Founder of the first Law School.
- Şükrü Saracoğlu, economist.
[edit] Military officers
[edit] See also
| Concepts | Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire - Establishment of movement - Turkish revolutionaries - Turkish National Movement | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Issues | Chanak Crisis - Population Exchange - Persona non grata - Malta exiles - Outpost Societies - King-Crane Commission - Khilafat Movement | ||||
| Campaigns | British (Allies): İstanbul | ||||
| Revolts: Kuva-i Inzibatiye - Revolt of Ahmet Aznavur - Koçkiri Rebellion | |||||
| French : Maras - Antep - Urfa | |||||
| Greek : Smyrna (İzmir) - Aydın - 1st İnönü - 2nd İnönü - Sakarya - Dumlupinar | |||||
| Armenian : Oltu – Sarıkamış – Kars – Alexandropol | |||||
| Agreements |
Allies: Conference of London - Ottoman Empire: Paris Peace Conference, 1919 - Sanremo conference - (Ottoman Parliament:) Misak-ı Milli - Treaty of Sèvres |
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| Turkish revolutionaries: Treaty of Alexandropol - Treaty of Moscow (1921) - Conference of London - Cilicia Peace Treaty - Treaty of Ankara (1921) - Treaty of Kars - Conference of London - Armistice of Mudanya - Conference of Lausanne - Treaty of Lausanne | |||||
| Timeline | |||||
