Tupolev Tu-204
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| Tupolev Tu-204 | |
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| Type | Airliner |
| Manufacturer | Aviastar-SP |
| Designed by | Tupolev |
| Maiden flight | January 2, 1989 |
| Introduced | December, 1994 |
| Status | In Production |
| Primary user | Air Cairo (5) Vladivostok Avia (4) |
| Produced | 1995 — Present |
| Number built | 68, with further 84 orders |
| Unit cost | $35,000,000 (2007) |
The Tupolev Tu-204 is a twin-engined medium range Russian airliner capable of carrying 212 passengers. First introduced in 1989, it is considered to be broadly equivalent to the Boeing 757. It was developed for Aeroflot as a replacement for the medium range Tupolev Tu-154 trijet.
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[edit] Design and development
Tu-204 was designed as a modern family of aircraft incorporating passenger, cargo, combi and quick-change variations. It is characterized by low operational cost, low noise level, and low fuel consumption. The Tupolev Tu-204 can be powered by either Aviadvigatel PS-90 or Rolls Royce RB.211 engines. It is produced at two of the largest Russian aircraft manufacturing plants in Ulianovsk and Kazan.
The Tu-204 cabin comes in several layouts, including the baseline single-class layout seating 210 passengers; a two- or three-class layout designed for 164-193 passengers, as per customer request. A cargo version of Tu-204 is being successfully operated by several airlines in Europe and Egypt.
Both economy class and business class compartments are provided with passenger seats of improved design with 3+3 and 2+2 seating arrangements, respectively. The business class cabin has a seat pitch of 810 mm. Passenger cabin can be divided into compartments according to class with removable bulkheads and curtains. Compartments are illuminated by reflected light. Hidden luminescence lights located over and under overhead bins along sides create uniform and comfortable illumination. Overhead bins for passenger baggage and coats are of closed type. Volume of baggage overhead bins per one passenger makes 0.052 m³.
In 1994, the first certificate for Tu-204 aircraft (with PS-90A engines) was issued. Subsequently issued certificates have extended estimated operational conditions and improvemed overall aircraft type design. The Tu-204-120 variant, certified with Rolls-Royce RB211-535E4 engines, complies with noise regulations described in Chapter 3 of Supplement 16 to ICAO, hence meeting all current European and ICAO requirements. It is currently undergoing the certification process with JAA.
The aircraft was certified to Russian standards AP-25 (harmonized with FAR-25 and JAR-25).
[edit] Technology
The Tu-204 is part of a new generation of Russian aircraft, including other recent developments such as the Ilyushin Il-96. The Tu-204 features many technological innovations such as:
- Fly-by-wire
- Glass cockpit, available in both Russian and western variants
- Advanced supercritical wings equipped with winglets
- Advanced western avionics
- First Russian-built aircraft to use western engines (Rolls-Royce RB211-535)
[edit] Variants
[edit] Tu-204/204C
The Tu-204 is the basic passenger airline model, and the Tu-204C is the basic freight or cargo model.
[edit] Tu-204-100/200
This is the initial version, powered by Soloviev (now Aviadvigatel) PS90 turbofan with thrust of 157 kN (35,300 lbf). It uses Russian powerplants and avionics. It was certified in January, 1995. The Tu-204-200 is a heavier version with extra fuel for more range. Only one has been built by Aviastar-SP in Ulyanovsk but not yet delivered (RA64036). Now this version is only produced by KAPO in Kazan and marketed under the designation Tu-214. The Tu-204-100C and Tu-204-200C are the cargo versions of the -100 and -200 respectively, fitted with forward main deck freight door. Currently the Tu-204-100/200 is offered with the option of uprated Aviadvigatel PS90-A2 turbofan, which promises 40% longer period between overhauls.
The Tu-204-100 has a maximum take-off weight of 103 metric tons and range with 196 passenger in 2-class configuration is 4,600 km (2,500 nautical miles).
[edit] Tu-204-120/220
In order to broaden the product appeal, the Tu-204-120/220 features western avionics and engines. It is powered by 2 Rolls-Royce RB211-535 engines each with thrust of 192 kN (43,100 lbf). Cairo Aviation of Egypt became the launch operator when it took delivery of a Tu-204-120 and its cargo version the Tu-120C, in November 1998. The Tu-204-220 and Tu-220C, cargo version, is a higher gross weight variant of the basic Tu-204-120.
The Tu-204-120 has a maximum take-off weight of 103 metric tons and range with 196 passenger in 2-class configuration is 4,600 km (2,500 nautical miles).
[edit] Tu-204-300
It is a shortened, longer range and more efficient derivative of the Tu-204. It is about 6 meters (20 ft) shorter than the basic Tu-204. It is available in 2 version; the longer ranged heavier version powered by Aviadvigatel PS90-A2 turbofan has a maximum take-off weight of 103 metric tons and range with 166 passengers increases to 9,300 km (5,000 nautical miles) and the lighter shorter ranged version with a maximum take-off weight of 89 metric tons and range with 166 passengers is 3,500 km (1,900 nautical miles). Russian airline Vladivostok Air is the launch customer. This airline's planes are at two-class seating of 142 passengers.
[edit] Tu-204-500
This is a version of Tu-204-300 optimized for shorter routes, featuring smaller wings, increasing cruising speed to Mach 0.84, making it a competitor to Next Generation Boeing 737. It is ETOPS rated and fitted with Honeywell 331-200ER APU.
[edit] Tu-206 and Tu-216
These variants are company-funded testbeds for alternative fuels, the Tu-206 flying on liquefied natural gas and the Tu-216 on hydrogen[citation needed].
[edit] Tu-214
Tu-214 is also a variation of Tu-204. It is technically a Tu-204-200 (see above). One of the differences is that it is built by a different factory. Planes designated Tu-204 are produced in Ulyanovsk by Aviastar-SP; Tu-214 in Kazan by Gorbunov Kazan Aircraft Production Association (aka. KAPO) [1][2]. Both factories are independent from Tupolev design bureau and have some control over the design of the variant they produce.
Main difference is full size main door at the left side of the fuselage just before the wing. Regular Tu-204 has two main doors and 2 emergency doors, Tu-214 has 3 doors and one emergency door.
In June 2007 a total of 10 Tupolev Tu-214 aircraft are in airline service with 14 further orders. Tu-214 users are: Dalavia (5), KrasAir (1) and Rossiya (3). Omskavia has firm orders for 4 aircraft[3]. Transaero has an additional 10 orders for the aircraft. This airline now operates a single Tu-214. [1]
[edit] Operators
Total users are:
| Airline | Aircraft Type | In Service | On Order |
|---|---|---|---|
 Cairo Aviation |
204-120 | 3 | 0 |
 Dalavia |
214 | 5 | 0 |
.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg.png){kind=small} TNT Air Cargo (Operated by Cairo Aviation Cargo) |
204-120C | 2 | 0 |
 Mahan Air |
204 | 2 | 3 |
 Air China Cargo |
204-120CE | 1 | 5 |
 Atlantic Airlines |
204 | 1 | 0 |
| Aviastar-TU Co. Ltd |
204 | 3 | 0 |
| Kavminvodyavia |
204-200 | 2 | 2 |
| KrasAir |
3 x 204-100 / 1 x 214 | 3 | 1 |
| Rossiya |
2 x 204 / 3 x 214 | 5 | 0 |
| Vladivostok Avia |
204-300 | 4 | 2 |
 Cubana |
1 x 204-100CE 2 x 204-100E |
3 | 0 |
 Air Koryo |
204-300[4] | 1 | 1 |
 Syrian Arab Airlines° |
204 | 0 | 4 |
| Transaero°°° |
214 | 1 | 9 |
| Iran Air for Iran Air Tours |
204-100 | 0 | 35 |
| Sirocco Aerospace°° |
204-120[5] | 25 | 0 |
 Blue Wings[1] |
204 CM | 0 | 5 |
| Red Wings |
204-100[6] | 5 | 5 |
 Boliviana de Aviacion°°°° |
204-120 | 0 | 3 |
| Total | 71 | 80 |
° Earliest delivery is expected in 2008.
°° Egyptian leasing company.
°°° Transaero has an additional 10 orders for the aircraft. This airline currently operates a single Tu-214.[7]
°°°° Leased by Sirocco Aerospace delivery is expected in 2008.
[edit] Specifications (Tu-204)
General characteristics
- Crew: 2
- Capacity: Tu-204-200: 212 in two classes, Tu-224/234: 166 in single class
- Length: 46.10 m (151 ft 3 in)
- Wingspan: 41.80 m (137 ft 2 in)
- Height: 13.90 m (45 ft 7 in)
- Wing area: 182.4 m² (1963 ft²)
- Empty weight: Tu-204-100: 58,300 kg (128,530 lb) (Tu-204-200: 59,000 kg (130,070 lb))
- Max takeoff weight: Tu-204-100: 94,600 kg (208,550 lb) (Tu-204-200: 110,750 kg (244,155 lb))
- Powerplant: 2× Tu-204-100: Aviadvigatel PS-90A turbofans, 158.3 kN (35,580 lbf) each
Performance
- Maximum speed: 900 km (560 mph)
- Cruise speed: 810 to 850 km/h (500 to 530 mph)
- Range: (Tu-204-100) 6,500 km (Tu-204-120) 6,300 km (Tu-214) 6,700 km (Tu-204-300) 8,500 km ()
[edit] See also
Related development
Comparable aircraft
[edit] References
- ^ a b PSC «Tupolev» - MAKS 2005
- ^ Kazan Aircraft Production Association (KAPO) n.a. Gorbunov - Russian Defense Industry
- ^ Flight International, 3-9 October 2006
- ^ http://frontierindia.net/tu-204-300-touches-down-at-a-north-korean-airport%20
- ^ http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-10101917_ITM
- ^ http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/10/02/217646/picture-russian-budget-carrier-red-wings-takes-delivery-of-first-of-two-tupelov-tu-204-100s.html
- ^ PSC «Tupolev» - MAKS 2005
[edit] External links
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