Tultitlán de Mariano Escobedo

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Coordinates: 19°41′06″N 99°10′10″W / 19.685, -99.16944
Tultitlán (de Mariano Escobedo) San Antonio Tultitlán
Country	Mexico
State	Mexico State
Municipality	Tultitlán
Founded
Government
- Municipal President	Elena García Martínez 2006-2009
Elevation	2,250 m (7,382 ft)
Time zone	CST (UTC-6)
Postal code

Tultitlán de Mariano Escobedo is the seat of the municipality of Tultitlán located in the northeastern part of the state of México in Mexico. It lies adjacent to the northern tip of the Federal District (Distrito Federal) and is part of the Greater Mexico City urban area. Both the city and the municipality are interchangeably known as San Antonio Tultitlán or simply Tultitlán, a name which comes from Náhuatl meaning "among the tule plants". "de Mariano Escobedo" was added to the city's name in 1902 in honor of the general who fought in the Mexican-American War and for the liberals during the period of La Reforma with Benito Juárez.^[1]

1 The city
2 The municipality
3 References
4 External links

[edit] The city

In the area have been found the bones of mammoth and other animals, excavated starting in 1991. It is an important site because it establishes the presence of man here to about 15000 - 13000BC, making it one of the oldest human settlements in the Americas. Ceramic pieces here date to about 400BC. Teotihuacan presence is documented around 200 to 750 AD, mostly agricultural villages that also produced items like baskets and rope. Between 850 to 1110, the area was inhabited by peoples speaking Náhuatl and Otomis, while the area was under Toltec domination from the city of Tule (located in the present-day state of Hidalgo). The current city was founded by the Tepanecas in 1356, but its first tlatoani (chief), named Cuauhtzinteuctli, did not begin his rule until 1408. The city's last tlatoani died in 1519 of measles brought over by the Spanish. After the Spanish Conquest, the area was reorganized into large haciendas with the city of Tultitlán under the jurisdiction of Tacuba. The village became a parish in 1605. In 1645, an image of San Antonio de Padua arrived and became the town's patron saint. The small village remained so until 1969 when it was named a town, attaining city status in 1997.^[1] As of 2005, the city's population was 22,268.^[2]

Principal sites to see in the city include the Temple of San Lorenzo from the 16th century and modifications dating from the 18th century to the 20th century. The Temple of San Antonio de Padua was initiated in the 18th century and finished in the 20th. The Chapel of the Holy Cross (Capilla de la Santa Cruz) was probably begun in the 17th century and is now integrated into the new municipal palace. Aside from these constructions is a cypress (ahuehuete) located in the center of the city that is at least 250 years old.^[1]

[edit] The municipality

As municipal seat, the city has governing jurisdiction over the following communities: Buenavista, Sierra de Guadalupe (Loma Sta. Ma. Guadalupe), San Pablo de las Salinas, Fuentes del Valle, Ampliación San Mateo (Colonia Solidaridad), Basurero Municipal, El Cerrito (La Capilla), Colonia Lázaro Cárdenas (Los Hornos), Ejido la Reyna (La Reyna), Ejido de San Antonio Tultitlán, Paraje San Pablito, and Las Chinampas. The largest of these are Buenavista, San Pablo de las Salinas, and Fuentes del Valle. There was a total population of 472,867 in the municipality in 2005.^[2]

The municipality was established in 1820. The municipality borders the municipalities of Cuautitlán, Tultepec, Ecatepec, Coacalco, Tlalnepantla, Cuautitlán Izcalli and Mexico City with a territory of 71.1 km² (27.45 sq mi).^[1]

The area is subtropical due to its altitude with rainy and dry seasons. It divides into two geographic zones: the plains and the mountain range of La Sierra de Guadalupe, which extendes into various other municipalities and was declared a ecological park. The area is a source of building materials such as stone, and agricultural activities such as the grown of corn, alfalfa and fruit trees is still practiced. However, the urbanization of the area is diminishing the land dedicated to these activities. Industry is now the major employer with entities devoted to chemicals, cardbord boxes, plastics, and various types of metal production.^[1]