Tulsa Philharmonic
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The Tulsa Philharmonic ceased to exist on September 12, 2002, citing "tenuous financial conditions and the negotiation of a new collective bargaining agreement with Local 94, American Federation of Musicians, the union representing the Philharmonic's musicians." [1] The financial problems of the orchestra were partially a result of the collapse of Enron and Worldcom in 2001, as well as job cuts at Williams which took their toll on Tulsa, and made the Philharmonic unsustainable. [2] Mismanagement within Tulsa Philharmonic's own organization also was responsible for the collapse of the orchestra.[citation needed] After the demise of the orchestra, several of its core musicians banded together to try and form a new professional orchestra in Tulsa. After several years and many hard battles the Tulsa Symphony Orchestra was formed in 2005.[3]