Trinity Parish (St. Augustine, Florida)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Trinity Parish is an historic Episcopal Church at the corner of King and Saint George streets in downtown St. Augustine, Florida. It is the oldest Protestant church in Florida and has some of the oldest and most beautiful stained glass windows in the Episcopal Diocese of Florida.
Contents |
[edit] History
The parish of Trinity, St. Augustine was founded in 1821 soon after Florida became a territory in the United States. Trinity is one of the seven original parishes when the Episcopal Diocese of Florida was received into union with the General Convention in 1838.
The first church building was begun in 1830 and services began on June 30, 1831. Constructed of coquina, a local shell stone that was also used to build the Castillo de San Marcos, the original structure was 36 feet wide by 50 feet long. Bishop Nathaniel Bowen of South Carolina formally consecrated it on June 5, 1834.
Growth was slow but steady in the years following and small additions and improvements were made to the church. Three stained glass windows were added just prior to the American Civil War. Although there was only one major battle in Florida, the war took a terrible toll on the state, the Diocese of Florida and Trinity.
The next 50 years saw a slow recovery by St. Augustine and Trinity, with continued work by a committed laity that raised funds to keep the church going through a succession of Rectors. The Rev. C M. Sturges arrived in 1895 and determined that the church building was outmoded, too small and in dire need of repair. That began a six-year effort to obtain plans and funding to enlarge the church structure. Work began in early 1902 and on January 17, 1903 the first services were held in the “new” church, a cruciform structure, neo-gothic in appearance that seated more than 500 parishioners. A new era had begun.
The 20th Century brought profound changes to St. Augustine including a substantial increase in population and a steady rise in winter visitors – many of whom chose Trinity as their church. The Reverend L. Fitz-James Hindry served as Rector from 1904 until 1936. His tenure saw the formation of many lay organizations - the Altar Guild, Daughters of the King, St. Catherine’s Guild, St. Monica’s Guild and others – all devoted to working with the church on a variety of projects.
The Rev. Charles Seymour was called to Trinity 1949 and served until 1964. By 1955, a two-story education facility and Parish Hall were added. The Seymour years was a time of significant physical changes to Trinity and marked an upturn in the number of communicants to more than 500 by 1959. In 1960, after a successful stewardship campaign, Trinity Church went from a relatively small church to a full parish complex with a new parish hall, kitchen, classrooms, administrative offices and a nursery. Architecturally, the new facilities and cloistered walkways complemented and continued the neo-gothic features of the historic church building.[1]
The Rev. Canon Walter T. Saffran served as rector during the 1980’s and into the 1990’s and membership continued to increase. When he retired in 1997, he was named Trinity Episcopal Parish Rector Emeritus. The present Rector is the Rev. Dr. David J. Weidner.
[edit] Trinity Hall
In the early 21st century the building adjacent to the church was purchased to serve the large congregation and the community. The new building was named, Trinity Hall and is now the meeting and gathering place of church activities, including the monthly Parish Breakfast, Wednesday dinners, special celebrations and receptions, some functions of Cursillo, Ultreya, Daughters of the King, Brotherhood of St. Andrew, Youth Group, River Region meetings and Diocesan meetings. It is an integral part of the ministries of Trinity Episcopal Parish. The building is 6000 sq ft. with a capacity for 400 people.
[edit] Stained glass
Windows have been placed in Trinity Episcopal Church for almost 150 years beginning in 1859. Ten windows, including the Triptych above the altar were made by Franz Mayer & Co. of Munich, Germany. There is a Louis Comfort Tiffany window as well as windows made by Maitland, Armstrong, Rudy Bro, Henry Payne, Burnham, Colgate and Jacoby. Two windows were given as general thank offerings, twenty six are memorials to loved ones: wives, husbands, sons, other family members and rectors.
The original purpose of stained glass windows was to teach the great truths of religion, rather than adornment. Since most people could neither read nor write, the windows were used to explain the meaning of scripture and symbols.
The windows of Trinity call to mind many great biblical figures and events. Jesus is pictured three times as the Good Shepherd and his life is chronicled from the Nativity through the Resurrection. The four Evangelists - Matthew, Mark, Luke and John - accent the original entrance on King Street. These are the only windows designed to be viewed and read from outside the church. The round "Descending Dove" glass above the present entrance complements the stained and painted traditional glass. Symbols of the Christian faith are found in all the windows; the dove, wheat and grapes, lilies and passion flowers, crosses, bibles, staffs and scripture citations from the Old and New Testaments.
Each of the twenty eight windows is different, but together they form a mosaic of color and sunlit beauty that accentuate the dignity and serenity of Trinity Episcopal Church. Between 1991 and 1992, Advent Glass Works conducted an inspection and appraisal, then performed total restoration of twenty-nine windows in the church. Due to the immense value of the windows, new protective glazing was installed. [2]
[edit] Music
[edit] History of Organs at Trinity
Historical records indicate that Trinity Church has had an organ since at least 1857 when an organ built by Henry Erben of New York was installed. The organ was taken down for construction in 1902 and rebuilt afterwards, adding a rank of 8' diapason pipes. Further details of this instrument are unknown. In the fall of 1914, a new Austin Organ of three manuals and 22 ranks, opus 504, was installed as a memorial to Junius T. Smith, given by his wife, Laura W. Smith. It served well for 53 years, but termites, water damage and changing musical tastes finally rendered it unfit for further use. An organ committee was appointed by the Vestry in 1965 to research and recommend a new organ. The group determined that the Æeolian-Skinner Organ Company of Boston, Massachusetts, made the finest organs at the time and recommended them as the builder. The company had built outstanding organs for the Mormon Tabernacle in Salt Lake City; Grace Cathedral, San Francisco; The Riverside Church, St. Thomas Church, and the Cathedral of St. John the Divine, all in New York City. After a congregational vote, a three manual organ of 41 ranks (2,349 pipes) was ordered in the summer of 1966. The new organ was installed in the fall and dedicated on November 5, 1967. It became a wonderful part of the worship service, enjoyed by visitors as well as the congregation. However, after thirty years of use in the Florida humidity, the instrument showed wear and extensive repairs were needed.
In 1996, John Parkyn, Trinity Church organist for over 30 years, completed a survey and laid out a plan for restoration over several years. As part of the restoration, the organ was cleaned, the console restored, and several sets of pipes rebuilt and replaced. The restored organ was dedicated on January 22, 1999. The console and all pipes are now controlled by a computer, which has the capability to digitally reproduce copies of sounds of pipes which have been sampled from other fine organs around the country. The organ can generate many new sounds, such as chimes, harp, oboe, solo flutes and trumpets. There is even a special Echo section at the west end of the church. Technically, Trinity's organ is a 3-manual, 91-rank Aeolian-Skinner (opus 1482) hybrid pipe and digital organ. It has a magnificent full sound and versatile color that can be changed for many music styles.
