Trifluoroiodomethane
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Trifluoroiodomethane | |
---|---|
IUPAC name | Trifluoroiodomethane |
Other names | Iodotrifluoromethane, Monoiodotrifluoromethane, Trifluoromethyl iodide, Perfluoromethyl iodide, Freon 13T1 |
Identifiers | |
CAS number | [2314-97-8] |
PubChem | |
EINECS number | |
RTECS number | PB6975000 |
SMILES | C(F)(F)(F)I |
InChI | 1/CF3I/c2-1(3,4)5 |
Properties | |
Molecular formula | CF3I |
Molar mass | 195.91 g/mol |
Appearance | Colorless odorless gas |
Density | 2.5485 g/cm3 at -78.5 °C
2.3608 g/cm3 at -32.5 °C |
Melting point |
-110 °C |
Boiling point |
-22.5 °C |
Solubility in water | Slightly |
Vapor pressure | 541 kPa |
Hazards | |
MSDS | External MSDS |
Main hazards | Harmful (Xn) |
R-phrases | R36/37/38, R44, R68 |
S-phrases | S7, S26, S36/37/39, S38 |
Supplementary data page | |
Structure and properties |
n, εr, etc. |
Thermodynamic data |
Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas |
Spectral data | UV, IR, NMR, MS |
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
Trifluoroiodomethane, also referred to as trifluoromethyl iodide is a halomethane with the formula CF3I. It is an experimental alternative to Halon 1301 (CBrF3) in unoccupied areas [1]. It would be used as a gaseous fire suppression flooding agent for in-flight aircraft and electronic equipment fires.
It has been reviewed as environment-safe and non-toxic.[1][2]
Contents |
[edit] Chemistry
It is used in the rhodium-catalyzed α-trifluoromethylation of α,β-unsaturated ketones.[3]
In the presence of sunlight or at temperatures above 100°C it undergoes decomposition with hazardous by-products as hydrogen fluoride (HF), hydrogen iodide (HI) and carbonyl fluoride (COF2).
[edit] Environmental effects
It contains carbon, fluorine, and iodine atoms. Although iodine is several hundred times more efficient at destroying stratospheric ozone than chlorine, experiments have shown that because the weak C-I bond breaks easily under the influence of water (owing to the electron-attracting fluorine atoms), trifluoroiodomethane has an ozone depleting potential less than one-thousandth that of Halon 1301 (0.008-0.01). Its atmospheric lifetime, at less than 1 month, is less than 1 percent that of Halon 1301, and less even than hydrogen chloride formed from volcanoes.
There is, however, still the problem of the C-F bonds absorbing in the atmospheric window. Thus, even after decomposition, trifluoroiodomethane is likely to be a very effective greenhouse gas.
[edit] Further reading
For further information, a report from the Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology of the National Academy of Sciences entitled Iodotrifluoromethane: Toxicity Review (2004) is available for free online reading and research in several formats.
[edit] References
- Duan Y. Y., Shi L., Sun L. Q., Zhu M. S., Han L. Z. (March 2000). "Thermodynamic Properties of Trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I)". International Journal of Thermophysics 21 (2): 393–404(12). doi: .
- Duan Y. Y., Shi L., Zhu M. S., Han L. Z. (January 1999). "Surface tension of trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I)". Fluid Phase Equilibria 154 (1): 71–77(7). doi: .
- Duan Y. Y., Shi L., Sun L. Q., Zhu M. S., Han L. Z. (1997). "Thermal Conductivity of Gaseous Trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I)". J. Chem. Eng. Data 42 (5): 890–893 (4). doi: .
- Duan Y. Y., Shi L., Zhu M. S., Han L. Z. (1999). "Critical Parameters and Saturated Density of Trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I)". J. Chem. Eng. Data 44 (3): 501–504. doi: .
- Chamber Studies of Photolysis and Hydroxyl Radical Reactions of Trifluoroiodomethane
- ^ Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Halon Replacement Trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I)
- ^ Reproductive Toxicity Screen of Trifluoroiodomethane (CF31) in Sprague-Dawley Rats
- ^ 171441 Trifluoroiodomethane 99%