Triadisches Ballett
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Triadisches Ballett (Triadic Ballet) is a ballet developed by Oskar Schlemmer. It premiered in Stuttgart, on 30 September 1922, with music composed by Paul Hindemith, after formative performances dating back to 1916, with the performers Elsa Hotzel and Albert Berger. The ballet became the most widely performed avant-garde artistic dance and while Schlemmer was at the Bauhaus during 1921 to 1929, the ballet toured, helping to spread the ethos of the Bauhaus.
Schlemmer inspired, in part by Schoenberg's Pierrot Lunaire and his observations and experiences during the First World War, Oskar Schlemmer began to conceive of the human body as a new artistic medium. He saw ballet and pantomime as free from the historical baggage of theatre and opera and thus able to present his ideas of choreographed geometry, man as dancer, transformed by costume, moving in space'.
The idea of the ballet was based on the principle of the trinity. It has 3 acts, 3 participants (2 male, 1 female), 12 dances and 18 costumes. Each act had a different colour and mood. The first three scenes, against a lemon yellow background to affect a cheerful, burlesque mood; the two middle scenes, on a pink stage, festive and solemn and the final three scenes, on black, were intended to be mystical and fantastic.
He saw the movement of puppets and marionettes as aesthetically superior to that of humans, as it emphasised that the medium of every art is artificial. This artifice could be expressed through stylised movements and the abstraction of the human body. His consideration of the human form (the abstract geometry of the body eg. a cylinder for the neck, a circle for head and eyes) led to the all important costume design, to create what he called his ‘figurine'. The music followed and finally the dance movements were decided.
Schlemmer saw the modern world driven by two main currents, the mechanised (man as machine and the body as a mechanism) and the primordial impulses (the depths of creative urges). He claimed that the choreographed geometry of dance offered a synthesis, the Dionysian and emotional origins of dance, becomes strict and Apollonian in its final form.
The 'figurines' were also shown in exhibition , in 1930 at the Societe des Arts Decoratif, Paris, in 1938 at the Museum of Modern Art's Bauhaus exhibition in New York. These static forms were seen to lose the impact of movement. Latterly, 'figurines' appeared in the V & A's Modernism exhibition 2006, though accompanied by video recordings of their movement.
Some of the costumes were preserved and can be seen at the Neue Staatsgalerie in Stuttgart, Germany.
Related is Schlemmer's Figural Cabinet 1923 - described as ‘mechanical cabaret', the Bauhaus “Fun Department” parties and festivals, Gesture dance, Hoop dance, Rod dance, Metal and Glass dances, Men in Space .
